1-副本(11).ppt

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1、Grammar&Usagenoun clausesI dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.His job is important.What he does every day is important.This is his job.This is what he does every day.I dont know Tom,a friend of mine,will come to the party tonight.The news that we won the game is exciting.表语从句That i

2、s why he didnt come.That is how he managed to pass the final exam.The reason is that he missed the first bus.the reason作主语，必须用that引导表语从句。同位语从句可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，thought，hope，message，suggestion，word（消息），（消息），possibility，doubt等。I have no doubt that you will succeed 找出名词性从句并判

3、断类型1)That he will succeed is certain.1)That he will succeed is certain.2)Whether he will go there is not known.2)Whether he will go there is not known.3)It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.4)He asked how much I paid for the violin.5)He made it clear to the public that he did

4、an important job.6)The question is whether we can rely on him.7)Thats because we were in need of money at that time.8)The news that he failed in the exam surprised his parents.9)Ill keep the promise that I will help you out when you are in trouble.名词性从句的语序：引导词+陈述语序例例1.The photographs will show you _

5、（MET1989）A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 例例2.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 从句动词的时态受主句动词时态限制从句动词的时态受主句动词时态限制例例3 Our father said that he _ a new

6、computer the next week.A.will buy B.have bought C.would buy D.buys例例4 I found that he _anything about it.A.doesnt know B.hasnt known C.didnt know D.wont knowNoun clauses beginning with that that引导引导 的从句是陈述句，在从句中不充当成的从句是陈述句，在从句中不充当成分，没有实际意思分，没有实际意思 在非正式英语中，以下情况中在非正式英语中，以下情况中that可以省略：可以省略：动词后的宾语从句中动词后

7、的宾语从句中动词后的宾语从句中动词后的宾语从句中 bebe动词后的表语从句中动词后的表语从句中动词后的表语从句中动词后的表语从句中 其他情况下其他情况下that一般都不可省一般都不可省 介词后面不跟介词后面不跟that从句，从句，in和和except除外除外 若动词后有多个若动词后有多个that引导的宾语从句，第一个引导的宾语从句，第一个that 可省略，其余的不能省略可省略，其余的不能省略Noun clauses beginning with thatCan“that”be left out?That you like him is strange.The fact is that the

8、earth is smaller than the sun.The idea that you will invite him sounds good.I dont believe that he has ever read any of Shakespeares works or that he has ever heard of him.Noun clauses beginning with if/whether表示表示“是否是否”只有动词后的宾语从句可以用只有动词后的宾语从句可以用if/whether，其，其他名词性从句（包括介词后的宾语从句）他名词性从句（包括介词后的宾语从句）只只可以

9、用可以用whether固定结构固定结构whether.or(not),whether to do.，不可以用不可以用if特别提示：特别提示：单选题中，单选题中，当确定是当确定是“是否是否”，选项中选项中同时同时出现出现if和和whether时，时，必必选选 whetherif/whether1.I wonder _ she had a bike.2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3.Were worried about _ he is safe.4.I dont know _ he

10、is well or not.5.I dont know _ or not he is well.6.The question is _ he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8.I dont know _ to go.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherNoun clausesThe possibility that pleasant smells might red

11、uce pain exists.People believe that strong smells can affect the senses.Scientists are interested in whether the sense of smell is related to pain.My idea is that we should do it right away.It is a pity that he cant attend the party.What I need is a dictionary.I dont know where he lives.The question

12、 is how we find him.Thats why he was late.I always wondered when I would get the book.名词性从句的引导词从属连词：that（无词义，在从句中不作成分）whether;if 连接代词：who(ever)whom(ever)whose(ever)which(ever)what(ever)连接副词：when where how why在从句中作状语引导词的选择 陈述句：从句表达的意思是陈述一个事实 用that一般疑问句：用whether/if特殊疑问句：wh-I have no idea that he will

13、come back tomorrow.I have no idea whether he will come back tomorrow.I have no idea when he will come back.引导词的选择判断语气（陈述、疑问）根据语意（引导词在从句中做什么成分，缺啥补啥)注意语序（引导词+陈述句）时态（与主句时态呼应）引导词的选择连词：在从句中不作成分代词：在从句中作主语、宾语、表语副词：在从句中中作状语Step1 找到从句，判断从句的成分是否完整Step3 补充主谓宾成分时根据句意选择相应代词Step2 主谓宾成分完整时 A如果不需补充状语：选择that;whether

14、;if B需要补充状语，根据句意，选择相应副词 in some countries women are still treated unequally is unfair.Its no wonder youve achieved success.he said at the meeting surprised us.will win the game is not clear.he will go is unknown.they have not left yet puzzled me.they have not left yet puzzled me.we can get there is

15、a problem.we can get there is a problem.What Who WhereWhy How That that That he is a good student is known to all.Who will do it doesnt matter much.The fact that we lack enough money needs considering.1.Whether she likes it or not doesnt matter too much.2.Who will go to the conference is not importa

16、nt.3.Which country they will go to is still unknown.4.Why he did it wasnt quite clear.5.It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.6.It is uncertain who will win the match in the end.7.That he failed again made his parents worried.Subject Clauses1.(谁打破了这窗户谁打破了这窗户)was not clear.2.(他在考试中作弊他在考试中作弊)s

17、urprised all of us.3.(我们何时开班会我们何时开班会)has not been decided.4.(他们到没到机场他们到没到机场)is still a question.5.It is certain(食物的价格会涨食物的价格会涨).6.It doesnt matter much(我们乘火车还是汽车去我们乘火车还是汽车去).Who broke the windowThat he cheated in the examWhen we will hold the class meetingWhether they have arrived at the airportthat

18、 the food price will go up.whether we will go by train or by bus.Predicative Clauses1.The problem is how we can persuade the young men to stop smoking.2.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.3.My question is whether Polly can find her way home.4.The problem is where we c

19、an get so much money.5.My suggestion is that we should leave at once.1.The problem is(我们没有太多共同之处我们没有太多共同之处).3.What I want to know is(你能否到车站去接我你能否到车站去接我).2.What puzzled him was(他怎么这么快就完成了作业他怎么这么快就完成了作业).4.My question is(你们俩结婚前认识了多久你们俩结婚前认识了多久).5.The truth is(车太贵了车太贵了,我买不起我买不起.)that we dont have much

20、in commonhow he could finish his homework so quickly.whether you can pick me up at the airport.how long you had known each other before you got married.that the car is too expensive for me to afford.Appositive Clauses1.The news that she passed the examination was a great surprise.2.The question whet

21、her they are old or youngwhether they are old or young is not important.3.Is there any possibility that you could pick me up at the airport?5.You havent answer the question why he behaved like that.4.I have no idea that you can sing.1.I have no idea (他是哪里人他是哪里人)2.He cant answer the question (他是如何弄到那笔他是如何弄到那笔钱的钱的)3.He gave us a suggestion(我们要多多锻炼我们要多多锻炼)4.I have some doubt(他会不会赢他会不会赢)where he comes from.how he got the money.that we should take more exercise.whether he will win.