2018版新步步高大一轮复习讲义英语(人教版浙江)必修1课件：Book1Unit5nelsonmandela--amodernhero.ppt

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1、2018版新步步高大一版新步步高大一轮复复习讲义英英语(人教版浙江人教版浙江)必修必修1课件：件：Book1Unit5nelsonmandela-amodernhero晨背佳作 积累素材 话题词汇1.achievement n.成就；成绩；功绩成就；成绩；功绩2.ambitious adj.有雄心壮志的有雄心壮志的3.background n.背景背景4.characteristic adj.典型的；独特的典型的；独特的5.contribution n.贡献贡献6.outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的爱交际的；外向的7.outstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的优秀的；杰出的8.ha

2、ve a gift for对对有天赋有天赋9.be enthusiastic about对对热心热心10.make efforts to do sth.努力做某事努力做某事话题佳作假假设设你你是是李李平平，请请根根据据以以下下信信息息，向向英英语语测测试试报报的的编编辑辑写写信信投投稿，介绍一位传奇人物。稿，介绍一位传奇人物。姓名：姓名：Allan Stewart国籍：澳大利亚国籍：澳大利亚出生日期：出生日期：1915年年3月月7日日世界纪录：世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位时年龄最大年获硕士学位时年龄最大学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。第一个学位：第一个学位

3、：1936年获得年获得第二个学位：医学博士第二个学位：医学博士第三个学位：第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位。年获得硕士学位。第第四四个个学学位位：2012年年通通过过网网络络学学习习获获得得，善善于于合合理理安安排排学学习习时时间间，受到老师表扬。受到老师表扬。参考词汇：参考词汇：硕士学位硕士学位masters degree；博士；博士doctor佳作欣赏Dear Editor，Here is a legendary Australian named Allan Stewart，born on March 7,1915.He has attaine

4、d 4 degrees，the first of which was obtained in 1936.After getting his second degree，a doctors degree of medicine，Mr.Stewart decided to take up law in his eighties and in 2006 he obtained his third degree，leading him to set a world record of being the oldest holder of a masters degree.He was awarded

5、the fourth degree in 2012 by learning online.And he earned praise from his teachers for making good use of his time for learning.Yours，Li Ping名师点睛本本文文有有效效地地整整合合了了题题目目所所提提供供的的信信息息，通通过过简简朴朴的的语语言言和和合合理理的的行行文文顺顺序序把把写写作作要要点点准准确确地地表表达达出出来来。文文中中运运用用了了过过去去分分词词短短语语作作定定语语、定定语语从从句句、现现代代分分词词短短语语作作结结果果状状语语等等高高级级

6、句句式式以以及及take up，set a world record，make good use of等等短短语语的的综综合合运运用用，使使得得语语言言富富于于变变化化，增强了文章的表达效果。增强了文章的表达效果。基础排查 点拨要点语篇训练 提升能力内容索引基础排查点拨要点A.写作必记单词写作必记单词1.quality n.品质；质量；性质品质；质量；性质 be of good/high quality质量高的质量高的 quality在质量方面在质量方面2.active adj.积极的；活跃的积极的；活跃的 be active 在在方面积极方面积极 take an part in积极参加积极参

7、加重点单词重点单词1ininactive3.devote vt.献身；专心于献身；专心于 (1)adj.忠实的；深爱的忠实的；深爱的 be devoted 致力于，献身于；热爱致力于，献身于；热爱 (2)Neighbors devoted their spare time to (help)others rebuild.(2016北北京京)(3)He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作

8、状语改写用现在分词短语作状语改写)，he was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写用过去分词短语作状语改写)devotedtohelpingDevoting himself to community activitiesDevoted to community activities4.peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的和平的；平静的；安宁的 (1)peace n.和平和平 (2)peace处于和平状态处于和平状态 peace平静地平静地 peace with和和讲和讲和atinmake5.vote vt.&vi.投票；选举；投票

9、；选举；n.投票；选票；表决投票；选票；表决 (1)vote 就就投票表决投票表决 put.the vote将将付诸表决付诸表决 (2)vote 投票赞成投票赞成 vote 投票反对投票反对 (3)Su Hua is invited by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the“Future Singer”competition.苏华被他的叔叔邀请在苏华被他的叔叔邀请在“未来歌星未来歌星”比赛中为他的堂弟投票。比赛中为他的堂弟投票。(2016江江苏苏)ontoforagainst6.equal adj.相等的；平等的相等的；平等的 (1)n.相等；平等相

10、等；平等 (2)be equal to sb.in.在在方面与某人相当方面与某人相当 (3)He is equal Tom ability.(填介词填介词)(4)Learning to deal with the social world is (equal)important.(2016北京北京)7.willing adj.乐意的；自愿的乐意的；自愿的 He did not compromise easily，but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.他不轻易妥协，但他很乐意接受对一项崇高事业的任

11、何建设性的建议。他不轻易妥协，但他很乐意接受对一项崇高事业的任何建设性的建议。(2016江苏江苏)equalitytoinequally8.escape vi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被遗忘逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被遗忘 (1)写出下列句子中写出下列句子中escape的熟词生义的熟词生义 Im sorry，but your name escapes me._ How will we know if theres any gas escaping？(2)You are lucky to escape punishment.(同义句转换同义句转换)You are lucky to esca

12、pe .被遗忘；被忽略被遗忘；被忽略流出；泄漏流出；泄漏being punished9.reward n.报酬；奖金；报酬；奖金；vt.酬劳；奖赏酬劳；奖赏 (1)rewarding adj.值得的；有奖赏的值得的；有奖赏的 (2)reward sb.with.for.因为因为用用奖赏某人奖赏某人 (3)When it comes to the selling of houses，businesses also use highly rewarding tactics.当提及售房时，企业也利用高回报的策略。当提及售房时，企业也利用高回报的策略。(2015重庆重庆)(4)I rewarded h

13、im with a book for his help.(同义句转换同义句转换)I gave him a book his help.in reward for/as a reward forB.阅读识记单词阅读识记单词10.mean adj.11.generous adj._12.found vt.13.principle n._14.guidance n.(1)v.指导指导 (2)the guidance of在在指导下指导下 guide sb.to.带领某人去带领某人去(to为介词为介词)吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的慷慨的；大方的慷慨的；大方的建立；建设建立；建设法则；原

14、则；原理法则；原则；原理指导；领导指导；领导guideunder15.legal adj._ illegal adj._16.youth n._youth(青年人，年轻人青年人，年轻人)作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式，也可用单作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式，也可用单数形式。数形式。用法点拨用法点拨法律的；依照法律的法律的；依照法律的非法的非法的青年；青年时期青年；青年时期17.league n._18.attack vt._ (1)attack遭受攻击遭受攻击 (2)The white blood cells protect the body from (attack)by disease g

15、erms.19.violence n._ violent adj.20.educate vt.educated adj.education n._同盟；联盟；联合会同盟；联盟；联合会进攻；抨击；攻击进攻；抨击；攻击under being attacked暴力；暴行暴力；暴行暴力的；猛烈的暴力的；猛烈的教育；训练教育；训练受过教育的；有教养的受过教育的；有教养的教育教育21.beg vi._ (1)beg your pardon对不起；请再说一遍对不起；请再说一遍 (2)He begged that he (allow)to leave.22.relative n._23.cruelty n._

16、 adj.残忍的残忍的请求；乞求请求；乞求(should)be allowed亲戚；亲属亲戚；亲属残忍；残酷残忍；残酷cruel1.失业失业 失业失业(表动作表动作)2.事实上事实上3.使充气；爆炸使充气；爆炸 4.在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 做做有困难有困难 不辞劳苦地做不辞劳苦地做高频短语高频短语2out of worklose workas a matter of fact/in factblow upin troublehave trouble(in)doing.take the trouble to do.5.求助于；致力于求助于；致力于 (

17、1)She has no close friends whom she can turn advice or help.(填填介词介词)(2)More and more people turn to computer science.越来越多的人从事于计算机科学。越来越多的人从事于计算机科学。6.丧失勇气或信心丧失勇气或信心 (1)爱上；喜欢上爱上；喜欢上 (2)We should not lose heart in face of difficulties.面对困难时我们不应该失去信心。面对困难时我们不应该失去信心。(2016天津天津)turn totoforlose heartlose o

18、nes heart to7.设立；建立；搭起设立；建立；搭起8.被判处被判处(徒刑徒刑)9.在某人看来在某人看来在该短语中，在该短语中，opinion总是用单数。总是用单数。用法点拨用法点拨set upbe sentenced toin ones opinion1.He was the first man in July 1969.1969年年7月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。(1)In 1931，Addams became the first American woman (win)the Nobel Peace Prize.(2016全国全国)(2)If we

19、could show concern to others in need，the world would be a better place to live .(填介词填介词)(2014浙江浙江)经典句式经典句式3to land on the moonto winin(1)当当被被修修饰饰成成分分前前有有序序数数词词或或最最高高级级及及the only，the very等等修修饰饰时时，常用不定式作定语。常用不定式作定语。(2)作定语的动词如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词作定语的动词如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词

20、。是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。用法点拨用法点拨2.However，this was a time to live in Johannesburg.然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。3.the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我

21、们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直 到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。when one had got to have a passbookThe last thirty years have seen4.only then with violence.只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。Only when Lily walked into the office that she had left the contract at home.直

22、到莉莉走进办公室，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。直到莉莉走进办公室，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。(2015天津天津)(1)“only副词、介词短语、从句副词、介词短语、从句”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装形式。放在句首时，句子用部分倒装形式。(2)“only从句从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。用法点拨用法点拨did we decide to answer violencedid she realize5.I felt bad .第一次给一群人作讲解时，我感觉很糟。第一次给一群人作讲解时，我感觉很糟。(1)the first time作连词，引导时

23、间状语从句。类似的还有：作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，each/every/next/any/last time，immediately，instantly，directly等。等。(2)for the first time是介词短语，它不能连接从句。是介词短语，它不能连接从句。用法点拨用法点拨the first time I talked to a group语篇训练提升能力.阅读理解.七选五.完形填空.阅读理解A(2016四川文星中学月考四川文星中学月考)A great lossShirley

24、 Temple dies at 85February 12,2014BY DERRIKJ.LANG，Associated PressShirley Temple Black，who died on February 10th at age 85，wasnt just a child star.She was THE child starthe sweet little girl whose shining smile helped illumine some of the darkest days the US has known during the Great Depression.Its

25、 hard today to imagine the super star Shirley was once“Americas Little Darling”.”.She sang and danced her way to the top of the box office in such films as Bright Eyes，Curly Top and Heidi.By 1940，she had appeared in 43 films.Temple teamed with Bill Robison in four movies，and their dance on the stair

26、s in The Little Colonel is still a legendary film moment.In the 1930s，her name on a movie introduction assured(保证保证)a packed house.She inspired dolls，dresses，disheseven a drink(alcoholfree，of course).US President Franklin D.Roosevelt once famously said that“as long as our country has Shirley Temple，

27、we will be all right”.”.Unlike so many of todays child stars，Temple didnt end up with her name appearing across the headlines for bad behaviors.Instead of getting her photos on front pages or struggling with drugs and alcohol，Temple went on to a second career in diplomacy(外外交交)，including presidentia

28、l appointments as ambassador to Ghana.She surprised a lot of people who doubted her with her grace，knowledge and eagerness to serve.In fact，her career in public service(20 years)was longer than her career in movies(19 years).The role she valued most，however，was as wife，mother，grandmother and greatgr

29、andmother.The world has lost a treasured Hollywood legend.But her movies will allow that little dynamic figure to continue charming audiences for a very long time.1.The word“illumine”in Paragraph 1 means“”.”.A.shorten B.sweetenC.strengthen D.brighten词词义义猜猜测测题题。根根据据第第一一段段的的叙叙述述，她她是是一一名名童童星星，她她灿灿烂烂的的笑

30、笑容容让让在在美美国国的的大大萧萧条条时时期期中中面面对对最最黑黑暗暗时时刻刻的的人人们们看看到到了了光光明明。shorten缩缩短短；sweeten变甜；变甜；strengthen 加强；加强；brighten 照亮。故选照亮。故选D。答案 解析12342.Temple，as a child movie star，can best be described as .A.sweet and livelyB.gentle and kindC.smart and knowledgeableD.shy and attractive推推理理判判断断题题。sweet and lively 甜甜美美活活泼

31、泼；gentle and kind 温温柔柔和和蔼蔼；smart and knowledgeable 聪聪明明且且知知识识渊渊博博；shy and attractive 害害羞羞且且有有吸吸引引力力。从从全全文文对对作作为为一一个个童童星星的的邓邓波波儿儿的的描描述述来来看看，“甜甜美美活活泼泼”最最合适。故选合适。故选A。答案 解析12343.What part did she regard as the most important in her life?A.A top movie star.B.A businesswoman.C.Her family role.D.Her diplom

32、acy career.答案 解析细细节节理理解解题题。根根据据倒倒数数第第二二段段最最后后一一句句“The role she valued most，however，was as wife，mother，grandmother and greatgrandmother.”可可知知，她她最最为为看看重重的的角角色色是是妻妻子子、母母亲亲、祖祖母母以以及及曾曾祖祖母。也就是在家庭中的角色。故选母。也就是在家庭中的角色。故选C。12344.Where does this passage possibly come from?A.A biography.B.A newspaper.C.A magazi

33、ne.D.A poster.答案 解析1234文文章章出出处处题题。biography传传记记；newspaper报报纸纸；magazine杂杂志志；poster海海 报报。根根 据据 新新 闻闻 报报 道道 正正 文文 开开 头头 的的 时时 间间 和和“BY DERRIKJ.LANG,Associated Press”可可知知，这这是是美美联联社社的的一一篇篇新新闻闻报报道道，告告诉诉读读者者秀秀兰兰邓邓波儿辞世的消息，应该是在报纸上。故选波儿辞世的消息，应该是在报纸上。故选B。B(2016宁夏石嘴山三中月考宁夏石嘴山三中月考)Why do people drink too much，ea

34、t too much，smoke cigarettes or take drugs?Whats to blame for all the bad behavior?Most people would say that，while these selfdestructive(自自我我毁毁灭灭的的)acts can have many root causes，they all have one obvious thing in common:they are all examples of failures of selfcontrol，lacking the will power to resi

35、st(抵抗抵抗)them.According to a recent study，however，if you really think about it，something about that simple answer doesnt quite make sense.In fact，it turns out that sometimes its having will power that really gets you into trouble.Think back to the time you took your very first sip of beer.Disgusting，

36、wasnt it?When my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager，I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it.And smoking?No one enjoys their first cigaretteit tastes awful.So even though smoking，and drinking alcohol or coffee，can become temptation(诱诱惑惑)you need will power to resist，they nev

37、er，ever start out that way.Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of selfcontrol.Ironically(讽讽 刺刺 的的 是是)，only those who can control themselves well，rather than give in to them，can ever come to someday develop a“taste”for Budweiser beer，Marlboro cigarettes，or darkr

38、oasted Starbucks coffee.We do it for social acceptance.We force ourselves to consume alcohol，cigarettes，coffee and even illegal drugs，in order to seem experienced，grownup，and cool.These bad habits arent selfcontrol failuresfar from it.They are voluntary choices，and they are in fact selfcontrol succe

39、sses.Selfcontrol is simply a tool to be put to some use，helpful or harmful.To live happy and productive lives，we need to develop not only our selfcontrol，but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.5.What do most people think causes bad behavior?A.Being forced by othe

40、rs.B.Not having enough will power.C.Enjoying their first experiences.D.Following the examples of their friends.答案 解析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据第第一一段段最最后后一一句句中中的的“they all have one obvious thing in common:they are all examples of failures of selfcontrol，lacking the will power to resist(抵抵抗抗)them”可可知知，很很多多人人认认为为人

41、人们们染染上上不不好好的的习习惯惯是因为意志力不够，不能抵御诱惑。故是因为意志力不够，不能抵御诱惑。故B正确。正确。56786.The author mentions his experience in the third paragraph to prove .A.will power helps develop bad habits sometimesB.drinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagersC.selfcontrol should be developed when one is youngD.everyone can be

42、 challenged by different temptations 答案 解析56787.In the last paragraph，the author stresses that .A.without selfcontrol，no one can succeedB.bad habits dont always lead to bad resultsC.applying selfcontrol correctly is important D.people can develop wisdom from bad behavior 答案 解析推推理理判判断断题题。根根据据文文章章最最后后

43、一一句句“To live happy and productive lives，we need to develop not only our selfcontrol，but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.”可可知知，人人们们的的意意志志力力很很重重要要，我我们们需需要要自自我我控控制制，更更需需要要正正确确运运用用自自己己的的意意志志力力。故故C正确。正确。56788.What would be the best title for the passage?A.My First

44、Sip of BeerB.Do You Have Will Power?C.Will Power Benefits Us?D.Dark Side of Selfcontrol 答案 解析标标题题归归纳纳题题。文文章章通通过过人人们们为为什什么么会会染染上上一一些些坏坏的的习习惯惯来来说说明明正正是是因因为为人人们们的的意意志志力力，才才最最终终让让人人们们染染上上了了这这样样的的恶恶习习。本本文文讲讲述述的的是是自自我我控控制力不好的一方面，教育我们要正确地运用自己的自我控制力。故制力不好的一方面，教育我们要正确地运用自己的自我控制力。故D正确。正确。5678.七选五(2016湖北黄冈中学模拟

45、湖北黄冈中学模拟)While going through life with the pursuit of money in our mind，were often told that money cant buy happiness.But what truth is there in the saying?Is there a relation between money and happiness？1 答案 解析D.And if so，how can we use it to our advantage?根根据据上上一一句句“钱钱和和幸幸福福有有关关系系吗吗？”可可知知，下下一一句句是是

46、“如如果果有有关关系系，我我们该怎样把钱用得对我们有利？们该怎样把钱用得对我们有利？”故选故选D。Humans are very sensitive to change.When we get a rise，we really enjoy it.But some studies have shown that in North America，additional income beyond 75,000 dollars a year stops impacting daytoday happiness.2 They often end up spending all the money，go

47、ing into debt，and experience ruined social relationships.答案 解析G In fact，people who win a lottery are often reported to have become extremely unhappy.根根据据下下一一句句“他他们们花花光光了了所所有有的的钱钱，负负债债累累累累”可可知知，那那些些赢赢了了彩彩票票的的人经常被报道说不幸福。人经常被报道说不幸福。So surely money cant really buy happiness.Well，recent studies suggest t

48、hat the problem may actually be in the way that we spend money.3 Studies show that people who spend their money on others feel happier.As for the people who spend money on themselves，their happiness is unchanged.答案 解析C Instead of buying things for yourself，try giving some of it to other people and s

49、ee how you feel.根根据据上上文文“问问题题在在于于我我们们花花钱钱的的方方式式”及及下下文文“为为他他们们花花钱钱感感到到更更幸幸福福”可可知知，此此处处应应为为“不不要要只只给给自自己己买买东东西西，而而要要试试着着给给其其他他人人买买些些东东西西并且看看并且看看(那样做那样做)我们感觉如何。我们感觉如何。”故选故选C。4 One experiment showed that instead of an organization writing a large check to a charity，dividing the amount up among employees，

50、allowing them to contribute to a charity of their choice，increased their job satisfaction.Similarly，individuals that spend money on each other，as opposed to themselves，not only increase job satisfaction，but improve the team performance.A The same principle has been tested on teams and organizations