人教版高中英语必修三课件：Unit4Astronomy_thescienceofthestarsGrammar（共19张PPT）.ppt

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1、Unit 4 Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of Astronomy:the science of the starsthe starsRelated Conception(相关概念相关概念)1.名词名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。主语、宾语、表语和同位语。The boy is li Ming.主语表语Ms.Wu,a 30-year-old lady,teaches us English.主语同位语宾语在英

2、语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就这个句子就叫名词性从句。叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句什么是名词性从句?名名词词性性从从句句主语从句主语从句(The Subject Clause)宾语从句宾语从句 (The Object Clause)表语从句表语从句 (The Predicative Clause)同位语从句同位语从句 (The Appositive Clause)请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句What I want to do

3、 is taking a bath.The news that they won the game spread the whole school.I dont think that he is an honest boy.The fact is that he stole the car.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?It is said that they won the game.1.1.主语从句主语从句 主语从句就是主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语从句在主句中作主语的名的名词性从句。词性从句。1)That she left him

4、hurts him so much.2)That the flu is a common disease is known to all.3)Whether it will please them is not easy to say.4)Whether our teacher knew the details of the event is doubtful.*that 只起连接作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。只起连接作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。*whether 是否，表不确定的事情是否，表不确定的事情(不能用不能用If）*that 只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。只起引导作用，不充当

5、成分，但不能省略。*whether 是否，表不确定的事情是否，表不确定的事情(不能用不能用If）1)What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.2)Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference.(没有影响没有影响)3)What we need is more practice.*what 引导主语从句，引导主语从句，what在从句中作在从句中作need的宾语的宾语*which引导主语从句，引导主语从句，which在从句中作在从句中作car的定语的定语*wha

6、t 引导主语从句，引导主语从句，what在从句中作在从句中作like的表语的表语Who will be the president is still unknown.Whose paint will be chosen to put on the wall is still not decided.Whom he will tell the secret to is uncertain.1)When we shall hold our party is not decided.2)Where we will hold our party is not easy to decided.3)How

7、 he will solve the problem makes him blue.4)When we will begin the meeting is under discussion.5)Why she gave up the exam is still unknown.*When 引导主语从句，引导主语从句，when在从句中作时间状语在从句中作时间状语*When 引导主语从句，引导主语从句，when在从句中作时间状语在从句中作时间状语*Where 引导主语从句，引导主语从句，where在从句中作地点状语在从句中作地点状语*how 引导主语从句，引导主语从句，how在从句中作方式状语在从

8、句中作方式状语*Why 引导主语从句，引导主语从句，why在从句中作原因状语在从句中作原因状语*_(他是否要来他是否要来)is not yet known.*_(他想告诉我们他想告诉我们什么什么)is not clear.*_(谁会赢得这场比谁会赢得这场比赛赛)is still unknown.*_(你错过了这你错过了这次机会次机会)is a pity.=It is _.Exercise 1:Whether he will come or notWhat he wants to tell usWho will win the matchThat you missed the chancea p

9、ity that you missed the chance that,whether，if （that 常可省略常可省略）连词连词 who,whom,whose,what,which,when,where,why ,how 由由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免避免“头重脚轻头重脚轻”,常用常用 it 作作形式主语形式主语,而把从而把从句放在后面。句放在后面。例如例如:1.That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible._ _2.That they should like ea

10、ch other is natural._*it为形式主语为形式主语It is natural that they should like each other.It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.这样就构成了下面一些常用句型这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)It is+n.+从句从句 It is a pity/shame that.遗憾的是遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 是事实是事实 It is common knowledge t

11、hat 是常识是常识*_(很遗憾很遗憾)we lost the match.*_(这是事实这是事实)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that2)It is+adj.+从句从句 Its certain that 肯定肯定 It is possible that.很可能很可能 It is unlikely that.不可能不可能 It is obvious that 很明显很明显 It is necessary important natural.that*_(很可能很可能)she will come back tomorr

12、ow.*_(很明显很明显)this measure is effective.+(should)+doIt is possible thatIt is obvious that3)It+不及物动词不及物动词+从句从句 It happened that.碰巧碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起我突然想起 It appears that 似乎似乎*_(刚好刚好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起我突然想起)I forget to send the letter.It happened thatIt occurred t

13、o me that4)It+be+过去分词过去分词+从句从句 It is said that.据说据说 It is known to all that.众所周知众所周知 It is reported that.据报道据报道 It is believed that.据信据信;人们相信人们相信 It is suggested that+(should）do.建议建议It must be admitted that必须承认必须承认 It cannot be denied that 不可否认不可否认 It must be pointed out that需指出的是需指出的是*_(据报道据报道)20 p

14、eople were killed in the accident.*_(建议建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A.That B.Why C.What D.How 2._well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 3._ is

15、 known to us all is that America is a developed country.A.Which B.As C.What D.It4.Its known to us all _ a form of energy.A.water is B.that water is C.is water D.that water to 5.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.whether B.That C.what D.when6.What I say and think _ none of your business.A.is B.are C.has D haveAssignmentFinish EX.1-2 on P64.