高考英语强调句型(1).ppt

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1、高考英语复习专题高考英语复习专题It is(was)+被强调部分被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他句子其他部分部分。此结构强调的成分仅限此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语于主语、宾语、表语和表语和状语。状语。一、强调句型的强调部分必须是一、强调句型的强调部分必须是对对 that/who 之后句子的某一成之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把分表示强调，如果把“It is(was).that”去掉，该句应该意去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分思完整，不缺任何句子成分.Is it _ who wants to see you?A.him B.he C.his D.himselfIt was

2、_ who respected all their teachers.A.them B.their C.they D.themselvesC-What is Mary?-Was it _that you were referred to?A.he B.she C.her D.theyC强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格强调部分如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格或宾格形式或宾格形式 BIt _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A.was B.are C.were D.had beenAIt _ a

3、t Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag.A.must have B.will be C.might have been D.may have hadC注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性 二、强调部分为疑问词时：二、强调部分为疑问词时：_ electricity plays an important part in our daily life?A.Why was it that B.Why is it that C.Why is it D.Why it is thatBWho was it _ w

4、anted to see me just now?A.that B.who C.when D.whenA_ you met the foreigner from Canada?A.Where it was that B.Who it was that C.Where was it that D.Where was thatC强调部分为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构与特殊疑问句句型相 同，即：“疑问词+一般疑问句”三、强调部分为三、强调部分为 not.until 句型：句型：It was not until late in the evening _ her husband arrive

5、d home.A.which B.when C.that D.howCIt was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A.which B.when C.that D.sinceCIt was not _ she took off her dark glasses _I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;thenB注意注意 not.until 句型的变化。比较下列三句型的变化。比较下列三个句子：个句子：She

6、 didnt remember her appointment with the doctor until she had arrived home.It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.Not until she had arrived home did she remember her appointment with the doctor.四、强调部分为介词短语：四、强调部分为介词短语：It was through Jack _ Mary got

7、to know Bob.A.who B.whom C.how D.thatDIt was on October 1st 1949 _ new China was founded.A.which B.when C.as D.thatDWas it in this palace _ the last emperor died?A.that B.in which C.in where D.whichAIt was the school gate _ I met an old friend of mine after class.A.that B.which C.where D.whyC强调部分为介词

8、短语时，表示时间或地点时，强调部分为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时，应注意与定语从句的区别应注意与定语从句的区别 It was _he said_disappointed me.A.whatthat B.thatthat B.C.Whatwhat D.thatwhatIt_Mary and Mike who helped the old man yesterday.A.was B.were B.C.are D.had been AAIt was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a smal

9、l village Awhich Bwhy Cthat DhowCIt is because he is too young _he does not understand it.A.as B.so B.C.that D.whatC_in this room that our first meeting was held.A.Just when B.When B.C.Where D.It wasDIt was on the National Day_ she met with her separated sister.A.that B.where C.when D.whichAIt was n

10、ot until 1936_baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.A.then B.which C that D.whenC_ computers play such an important part in our daily life?AWhy it is that BWhy is it thatCWhy was it that DWhy is itBIt was not _she took off her glasses_I realized she was a famous film star.A.when,that B.unt

11、il,that C.until,then D.when,then BWas it during the Second World War_ he died?A.that B.while B.C.in which D.then A_ he came back home that we knew what had happened.A.When it was B.It was when C.Was it when D.When was itBIt was the training _ he had as a young man _made him such a good engineer.A.wh

12、at;that B.that;what C.that;which D.which:thatDDoyouhavemydictionary,Mr.Yang?Yes,Ihave_righthere.A.one B.this C.it D.thatCWhydontwetakealittlebreak?Didntwejusthave_.A.it B.that C.one D.thisCIhopethereareenoughglassesforeachgueststohave_.A.it B.those C.them D.oneD_usedtobethoughtthatthewasflat.A.HeB.W

13、hatC.ItD.ThatCIfound_possiblefor_toworkoutthemathsproblem.A.it;heB.that;heC.that;himD.it;himDDoes_matterifhecantfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.itD“Whoisknockingatthedoor?”“_.”A.ImMary.B.Sheisme,MaryC.HesmeD.Itsme,MaryDShethought_agreathonourtobeinvitedtospeaktous.A.that B.this C.it D.it isC_is

14、afactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.There B.This C.That D.ItCIhate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.it B.that C.these D.themAIs_necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.this B.that C.it D.he CIttookusoveranhouralongthestreet.A.walk B.to walk C.walking D.walkedBManype

15、oplenowmakearuletobuycardsfortheirfriendsbeforeChristmas.A.themselves B.itC.thatD.thisBisverycleartoeveryonethathesroundandtalllikeatree.A.This B.What C.That D.It DSomeoneisatthedoor,whois?A.this B.that C.it D.he CHastheboygothisbicyclenow?Yes,thepolicegave.A.him to him B.it to it C.it to him D.him

16、to itC强调划线部分 1.Mary gave me the new book.It was Mary who(that)gave me the new book.2.We went to the Great Wall the day before yesterday.It was the day before yesterday that we went to the Great Wall.3.I want you to help me with my English.It is my English that I want you to help me with.4.The days b

17、egin to get longer in February.It is in February that the days begin to get longer.5.We held a League meeting in the classroom.It was a League meeting that we held in the classroom.改为强调结构改为强调结构 1.The meeting will not begin until everyone is seated.It is not until everyone is seated that the meeting

18、will begin.Why is it that he came late for the meeting?2.Why did he come late for the meeting?3.How did you find his house?How was it that you found his house?4.Where did the 44th World Table Tennis Championships take place?Where was it that the 44th World Table Tennis Championships took place?Itis+

19、被强调部分+that.该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.It is not until+被强调部分+that.该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语“直到才，可以说是 not.until.的强调形式。Itwasnotu

20、ntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewas=IdidntrealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffItisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain.)that.该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为”清楚(显然,真的,肯定)”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。Itisveryclearthathesroundand

21、talllikeatree.=Thathesroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.强调句型考点面面观强调句型考点面面观句型结构：句型结构：It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余句子剩余部分部分本文我们着重探讨该句型的创新变化形式。随着本文我们着重探讨该句型的创新变化形式。随着高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉it，be，that/who这

22、一框架结构。笔者结合近几年有关高这一框架结构。笔者结合近几年有关高考题的特点，将其变化形式归纳如下：考题的特点，将其变化形式归纳如下：强调句型的一般疑问句形式。强调句型的一般疑问句形式。一一.句式特征：句式特征：Is/Was it+被强调部分被强调部分+that；1（1994上海）Wasitin1969_theAmericanastronautssucceeded_landingonthemoon?A.when;onB.that;onC.when;inD.that;in简析：比较Itwasin1969thattheAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonth

23、emoon我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。2Coulditbeintherestaurantin_youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday_youlostyourhandbag?A.that;whichB.which;thatC.where;thatD.that;where这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词in应用关系代词which；第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为B。二、二、结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。句式特征：特殊疑问词句式特

24、征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that？3_isit_hasmadePeter_heistoday?A.What;that;thatB.That;that;whatC.What;what;thatD.What;that;what简析：本题结构复杂，乍看难以理清，请看下面两句：ItisdeterminationthathasmadePeterwhatheistoday.对划线部分提问WhatisitthathasmadePeterwhatheistoday?对照原题，则答案为D。依此为据扩展开来可为：依此为据扩展开来可为：4Howisitthatsheturneddownourhelp?什

25、么原因使得？5WherewasitthatyoumetTomyesterday?究竟在哪？6Whenwasitthatyoumethiminthepark?究竟何时？7WhenandwherewasitthatyougottoknowMary?究竟在何时何地？8Whowasitthatthatcameupwiththebrightidea?究竟是谁？9Whichbookisitthatyouwanttobuy?究竟是哪一本书？10Whoseumbrellawasitthatyoutookaway?到底是谁的伞？三、三、强调句型的反意疑问句形式强调句型的反意疑问句形式句式特征为：句式特征为：It

26、 is/was+被强调部分被强调部分+that，isnt/wasnt it？11ItwasAliceandherboyfriendwhosenttheoldmantothehospital,_?A.dotheyB.didnttheyC.wasntitD.wasit简析：答案C.此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。四、强调句型的感叹句形式。四、强调句型的感叹句形式。句式特征为：句式特征为：what/how it is(that)+主语主语+谓语！谓语！12Whatabeautifulpictureiti

27、s(that)youhavedrawn!13Howbeautifulitis(that)yourdaughteris!五、强调句型的五、强调句型的“让步含义让步含义”。句式特征为：含有句式特征为：含有“让步含义让步含义”的强调句型在翻译成汉的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意语时要注意“反译反译”。14Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild.再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。（莎士比亚名言）15Itisawisemanthatnevermakesmistakes.再聪明的人也会犯错误。六、在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。六、在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。在

28、强调句型中，有时也考察用ratherthan，notbut等连接的平行对比结构，此时既要注重比较结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。句式特征为：句式特征为：It is/was notbutthat;不是不是而是而是（that后的动词与后的动词与but后的名词或代词后的名词或代词保持一致）保持一致）It is/was not that;或者：或者：It is/wasthatnot;是是而不是而不是（that后的动词应与后的动词应与not前的名词或代前的名词或代词保持一致）词保持一致）It is/was rather than that;是是而不是而不是(that后的动词应与后的动词应与ra

29、ther than前的前的名词或代词保持一致名词或代词保持一致)16Itisnothelpbutobstaclesthatmakeaman.简析：本句译为“使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力”。注意obstacles和make形成主谓一致关系。17PersonallyIthinkitisthesalesmanager,ratherthanthesalesgirls,_toblame.A.isB.thatisC.areD.whoare简析：此句被强调部分中的thesalesmanager，通过ratherthan与thesalesgirls形成比较结构，再考虑到主谓一致的原则，应选B。18(NMET

30、2000,24)Itistheabilitytodothejob_mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it简析：本题答案选B。在本题中被强调部分theabilitytodothejob与notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare形成比较结构，theabilitytodothejob与matters形成主谓一致关系。当然本题还可说成：Itistheabilitytodothejobnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouarethatmatters.但这样就显得句子重心不稳，结构不

31、合理。19Itisthepreventionofdiseaseratherthanitssuccessfultreatmentthathasledtotherapidincreaseoftheworldspopulation.简析：本句中被强调部分为对比结构，含义为“导致世界人口快速增长的原因是对疾病的预防而非对疾病的成功治疗。”当然hasledto的主语应是thepreventionofdisease。七、强调句型中的七、强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。动词和情态动词的结合。句式特征句式特征:It may be+被强调部分被强调部分+that It must have been+被强调

32、部分被强调部分+that Would/Could it be+被强调部分被强调部分+that?20ItmighthavebeenJohn_boughtanewbookforMaryyesterday.A.whatB.sinceC.thatD.then该题答案为C，许多考生误选其他的原因在于be的复杂化而看不出本句为强调句型。再如：21ItmaybenextweekthatsheleavesforTokyo.八、强调句型和名词性从句的结合。八、强调句型和名词性从句的结合。句式特征为句式特征为:整个强调句型用作名词性从句整个强调句型用作名词性从句;或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。或者在强调句型中含

33、有名词性从句。22Ivealreadyforgotten_youputthedictionary.A.thatitwasthereB.wherewasitthatC.thatwhereitwasD.whereitwasthat简析：本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。第一步，复原ItwasonthedeskthatIputthedictionary.第二步，对划线部分提问Wherewasitthatyouputthedictionary?第三步，变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则变为：Ivealreadyforgottenwhe

34、reitwasthatyouputthedictionary.与原题对比，答案应为D。再看一个强调句型中含有同位语从句的例子：23Itwasattheverybeginning_Mr.Foxmadethedecision_weshouldsendmorefirefightersthere.A.when;whichB.where;whatC.then;soD.that;that简析：本题答案为D。第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明thedecision的内容。九、强调句型和定语从句的结合。九、强调句型和定语从句的结合。句式特征为句式特征为:在强调句型的被强调

35、部分或其他部分在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的that/who部分。部分。24Itwasinthesmallhouse_wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather_hespenthischildhood.A.which;thatB.that;whereC.which;whichD.that;which简析：本题含义为“是在这间小房子里

36、他度过了童年”，thesmallhouse作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that,故答案选A。再如：25Itwasplayingcomputergamesthatcosttheboyplentyoftimethatheoughttohavespentdoinghislessons.简析：划线部分作定语从句修饰先行词time。本题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。26Is_threehours_theboy_familyispoorto

37、cometoschoolonfoot?A.it;that;whoseB.it;thatittakes;whoseC.itfor;thatittakes;whoseD.it;when;that;简析：本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式Ittakessbsometimetodosth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：第一步：基本句式Ittakestheboythreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第二步：以theboy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：Ittakestheboywhosefamilyispoorthreehourstocometosch

38、oolonfoot.第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：Itisthreehoursthatittakestheboywhosefamilyispoortocometoschoolonfoot.第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句即是该题，经对比可知答案应为B。十、强调句型和（十、强调句型和（not）until句型的结合。句型的结合。句式特征为句式特征为:It is/was until+被强调部分被强调部分+that+延续动词延续动词It is/was not until+被强调部分被强调部分+that+短暂动词短暂动词如：用强调句型对I didnt leave until it g

39、ot dark.中的划线部分进行强调，则变成：27ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknewtheresult.简析简析：注意此种情况下否定词：注意此种情况下否定词not要从原题的主句上转移到要从原题的主句上转移到被强调的从句上，这也是否定转移的一种形式。被强调的从句上，这也是否定转移的一种形式。28Itwasuntillastyearthathe_.A.leftschoolforanewstartB.cametorealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglishC.workedasanEnglishteacheratamiddleschoolD.

40、setouttobuildanewhouseofhisown简析：本题不含否定词not，四个选项中只有C项中的动词work为延续性动词，答案C。十一、强调句型的省略形式。十一、强调句型的省略形式。句式特征为句式特征为:在一定的上下文中，强调句型的某个部分可以在一定的上下文中，强调句型的某个部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。29Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?_thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare简析：强调句型在具体的语境中省略，其完整形式应是：It

41、isthechildrenwhoaremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.。答案为A。30Hewasnearlydrownedonce.Whenwas_?_wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.(NMET2002北京春季，30)A.that;ItB.this;ThisC.this;ItD.that;This简析：在第三句话中whenhewasinmiddleschool.为定语从句，修饰1998，其后省去了thathewasnearlydrownedonce.此题如把关系副词when也挖空，则很容易误选that。十二、强调句型的形近句型。十二、

42、强调句型的形近句型。(1)It be+被强调部分被强调部分+that+是强调句型。去掉是强调句型。去掉it，be，that后，剩余部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。如：后，剩余部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。如：31Itisprobablyduetotheseskillsthattheyhavebeenofferedawidevarietyofpositions.本句去掉去掉it，be，that后后可转化成：Probablyduetotheseskillstheyhavebeenofferedawidevarietyofpositions.(2)It+be+adj./n./过去分词过去分词+that从句

43、句型。该句型从句句型。该句型中的中的It是形式主语，是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语从句。引导的从句是真正的主语从句。如：如：32Itisimportantthathe(should)learnEnglishwell.33ItisafactthathecanspeakbothEnglishandJapanese.34Itissuggestedthatheleavehisofficerightnow.(3)“It be+时间段时间段+since”句型。如果句型。如果since和延续性动词和延续性动词连用，则意为连用，则意为“某人不做某事已有多久了某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和短暂动词连

44、用，；如和短暂动词连用，则为则为“某人做某事已有多久了某人做某事已有多久了”。如：。如：35Itistwomonthssincehefellill.他病了两个月了。36Itistwomonthssincehewasill.他病好已经两个月了。（4）It be+时间段时间段+before句型句型 表示表示“多久后某事发多久后某事发生生”。37Itwasalongtimebeforetheymetagain.很长时间后他们才见面。38Itwasnotlongbeforehecameback.时间过不久他们就回来了。（5）“It bewhen”句型句型 表示表示“某事发生时正是某事发生时正是时时候候

45、”39Itwas1949whenthePRCwasfounded.试比较强调句型句：40Itwasin1949thatthePRCwasfounded.(去掉it，was，that后仍是一个完整的句子)ItIt的用法与强调句Try to find the best answer toTry to find the best answer to the followings:the followings:1.I like_ in the autumn when the 2.Weather is clear and bright.(2004全国全国3.卷卷 I）()4.A.this B.that

46、C.it D.one2.-Do you like _ here?3.-Oh,yes.The air,the weather,the 4.way of life.Everything is so nice.5.(2004全国卷全国卷 II)()6.A.this B.these C.that D.itCD 在高考单项填空的选项中，在高考单项填空的选项中，it 是出是出现频率较高的词汇之一。下面针对现频率较高的词汇之一。下面针对 it 的的用法进行分类解析：用法进行分类解析：一、代词一、代词it1.用作人称代词代替上文提到过的人或事物，用作人称代词代替上文提到过的人或事物，（有时不特指某件事物，而代

47、表前面已提（有时不特指某件事物，而代表前面已提 到的或者将会发生的某件事情，或者是谈到的或者将会发生的某件事情，或者是谈 话双方都明白的情况，如前面话双方都明白的情况，如前面第第2题题）Toms ill.Have you heard about it?It happened during the Long March.I cant stand it any longer!If its convenient I can see you tomorrow.2.用作指示代词，（起着用作指示代词，（起着this 或或that 的作用）的作用）指一个人或一件事情。指一个人或一件事情。-what is t

48、his?-Its a telephone.-whos on the telephone?-Its Lily.3.指时间、距离、价值、天气和自然现象等。指时间、距离、价值、天气和自然现象等。It is cold today,isnt it?It is about an hours ride to the park.二、引导词二、引导词it1.It 常作形式主语，把真正的主语置于句后，常作形式主语，把真正的主语置于句后，2.真正的主语通常为不定式、动名词、主语真正的主语通常为不定式、动名词、主语3.从句。从句。It is easy to buy a new radio.It is no use t

49、elling him that.It is strange that nobody knows her.提示：it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语，常见的句型有：a.It be+形容词（形容词（obvious,natural,surpri-b.sing,good,wonderful,funny,possible,c.likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that 从句从句b.It be+名词词组（名词词组（no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that 从句从句c.It be+过去分词（过去分词

50、（said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that 从句从句The foreign Minister said,“_ our hopeThat the two sides will work towards peace.”(2004，北京卷北京卷）（）（）A.This is B.There is B.C.That is D.It isHave a try!D注意注意 it 对对关系代词的干扰关系代词的干扰_ is known to everybody,the moon travelsRound the ea