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1、 高考英语高考英语完型填空解题技巧完型填空解题技巧-by Wang Rong-by Wang RongStudents can get to know and master the cloze skills.Teaching aims高考英语完形填空趋势高考英语完形填空趋势 从近几年全国高考的完形填空来看,已经不再考核学生语法方面的知识了,而是从语义搭配、结构搭配、惯用搭配及逻辑知识等方面来测试学生词汇的掌握及运用。而且有些词的选择,必须在理解整篇文章的基础上,才能作出正确的判断。高考英语完形填空命题特点高考英语完形填空命题特点1.短文长度200词左右,生词少,难度适中。2.首句无空格,提供语
2、境。5-10词设一空,人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。隔词数越少,题目越难;反之亦然。3.选项多为一词,偶会为词组。四选项为同一 类词或属同一范畴,或近义或形似,或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷惑性较大。高考英语完形填空命题特点高考英语完形填空命题特点4.考查单词以实词(v.,n.,adj.,adv,pron.)即以动、名、形、副为主。5.以考查学生对文章的整体理解和词汇的意义把握为主。有些要结合常识才能正确选择;有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基础上,正确把握上下文的逻辑关系,才能正确判断和选择。三步答题三步答题Step1Skip(跳读跳读)the passage to get the general
3、 idea and pay attention to the first sentence.Step2 Reread and choose the best answer for each blank by using some methods.Step3 Read the passage again and check the answers.完形填空之完形填空之 八大解题技巧八大解题技巧1.利用首句来解题利用首句来解题Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas36andwhenIwas14,hesaid,“Yourenevergoingtob
4、e37(anything)butafailure.”36.A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopeful2.根据上下文语境,合理推断来解题根据上下文语境,合理推断来解题Ourfatherwasastruggling36(lawyer),butIalwaysknewhewas37.Henevercriticizedus,butused38tobringoutourbest.37.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned38.A.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praisePracticeHisbigstomachhasalwaysball
5、oonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.43.A.caredB.forgotC.quarreled D.joked44.A.cleanB.straightC.largerD.darker常见的标志性的词语有以下几种常见的标志性的词语有以下几种:结构层次结构层次:firstly,secondly,thirdly;逻辑关系:逻辑关系:thus,therefore,so;递进关系:递进关系:besides,whatsmor
6、e,furthermore;转折关系:转折关系:but,while,however等。等。3.利用语篇的标志性的词语解题利用语篇的标志性的词语解题Shetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)_1_vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped.1.A.disappointingB.wonderfulC.uncomfortableD.important_andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayin
7、gthatthemushroomshadaverystrange_37_quitepleasanttaste.37.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or 4.根据逻辑推理解题根据逻辑推理解题Studentsgenerallyappreciatethesespecial50opportunities.Theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting,andprofessors51themtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths.50.A.workingB.livingC.teachingD.learni
8、ng51.A.holdB.likeC.dislikeD.discoverPracticeTheamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.36(Owning)springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe37areaslikethedesert.AdryBdistantCdesertedDwild5.根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择Iwentintoacafandaskedforacoffee.21Iwaswaitingformy
9、drink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensed22(loneliness).ABeforeBSinceCAlthough DWhile6.从语法角度来解题从语法角度来解题1)Hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming_1_.Soheshouldnthavegoneintothatplace.1.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall2)SoItriedhardwithmywritingandwenttocollege.Myfirstnovel45whileI
10、wasatcollege.45.A.cameonB.cameinC.cameoutD.cameback7.从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题8.利用词汇的复现解题利用词汇的复现解题Howdoesatoothgobad?The51beginsinalittlecrackintheenamel(搪瓷)搪瓷)coveringofthetooth.Thishappensaftergermsandbitsoffoodhavecollectedthere.Thenthedecayslowlyspreadsinsidethetooth.Intheend,poisongoesinto
11、blood,andwemayfeelquiteill.51.A.destructionB.decayC.faultD.hurt上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。空空51和红体单词在和红体单词在意义上是一致的,意义上是一致的,属于属于同义词复现现象同义词复现现象。完形填空之完形填空之 实战训练实战训练 Are dreams of any use tothe dreamer or to anybody else?We may remember the traveler who left the ship Waratah at Durbanbecause of his terrible_1
12、_ The Waratah laterdisappeared entirely,witheveryone on _2_.Thetravelers dreams helped him and saved him from _3_,but they didnthelp the other people.Whywas this man treated_4_ from everyone else?1.A.ideas B.suggestions C.dreamsD.words 2.A.boardB.ship C.seaD.deck 3.A.lifeB.death C.illnessD.disease 4
13、.A.similarly B.differently C.strangely D.unfortunatelyboarddeathdifferentlydreams Another man once hada dream about the BlackForest in Germany.In hisdream he was walking inthe forest _5_ two menran out and tried to throwhim to the floor.He ranoff as fast as he could,butthey followed.He reacheda plac
14、e _6_ he saw two_7_ roads in front ofhim,one to the right andthe other to the left.Whichroad ought he to _8_?5.A.sinceB.as C.beforeD.when6.A.whichB.that C.whereD.who7.A.sameB.separate C.dividedD.crossed8.A.takeB.bring C.carryD.go句型下文有暗示宾语separatewherewhentake He heard the two men_9_ him,getting near
15、erand at the same time he heard a voice in his ear.Ittold him to go to the _10_,and he did so.He ran on and soon came to a smallhotel.He was receivedhere kindly and given a room,and so he was _11from the two men.Thatwas the dream.9.A.next to B.in front of C.besideD.behind10.A.houseB.hotel C.leftD.ri
16、ght11.A.killed B.murdered C.savedD.robbedbehindright下文有暗示saved12.A.happened B.performed C.actedD.chose13.A.forgot B.remembered C.missed D.noticed14.A.arrivedB.left C.reachedD.got15.A.agoB.before C.laterD.after Twenty years later he wasreally in the Black Forestand as it _12_ in thedream long before,
17、two menran out and tried to throw himdown.He ran off,and came toa place with two roads as in the dream.He_13_ thedream and took the road to the right.He soon _14_asmall hotel,was taken in,andso was safe.His dream oftwenty years _15_ had saved his life.happenedrememberedreachedbefore第8题答案第10题答案课堂小结课堂小结完形填空的解题技巧完形填空的解题技巧1.利用首句利用首句2.根据上下文语境,合理推断根据上下文语境,合理推断3.利用标志性词语利用标志性词语4.根据逻辑推理根据逻辑推理5.根据常识和文化背景根据常识和文化背景6.语法语法7.词汇辨析和固定搭配词汇辨析和固定搭配8.利用词汇复现利用词汇复现Finish the cloze exercises on your work book.
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