高三总复习定语从句.ppt

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1、.定语从句考点精讲定语从句考点精讲1.1.关系代词与关系副词选择关系代词与关系副词选择2.that2.that与与whichwhich的选择的选择3.3.介词介词+关系词关系词4.4.关系词关系词asas的用法的用法5.5.关系代词关系代词asas和和whichwhich引导的定语从句引导的定语从句6.6.定语从句必须注意的特殊例子定语从句必须注意的特殊例子考考点点.考点一考点一关系代词关系代词or关系副词关系副词Exercise.用正确的关系词填空用正确的关系词填空1.Theboys_areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.2.Theprofessor_youar

2、ewaitingforhascome.3.Thefactory_makescomputersisfarawayfromhere.4.Theperson_youintroducedtomeisverykind.5.Theclassroom_doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.who/thatwhomwhich/thatwhomwhosewhose door=the door of which =of which the door6.I still remember the day _I first came to this school.7.The house _ I

3、lived ten years ago has been pulled down.8.The reason _he was punished is unknown to us.9.Ill never forget the time _ I was spent with you.10.The factory _we visited yesterday produces wine.11.The reason _ she gave was not true.whenwherewhy that/whichthat/which/-that/which/-=on which=in which=for wh

4、ich 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.when/in whichwhichwhere/in whichwhichwhy/for whichthat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动

5、词及物动词及物动词1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.1).This is the house _ he lived last year.2).This is the house _he visited last year.3).This is the reason _he explained to us.4).The reason _ he was late is that he was ill.5).I will never forget the days _ we worked together.6).I will never

6、forget the days _ we spent together.wherethatthatwhywhenthat7).Is this museum _ they visited yesterday?8).Is this the museum _they visited yesterday?9).Is this the museum _ they stayed yesterday?the onethat/whichwhere找出先行词找出先行词关系词在关系词在定从中作定从中作状语时状语时关系词在定关系词在定从中作主，从中作主，宾，表，定宾，表，定时时whenwhenWhereWherew

7、hywhy=介词介词介词介词+whichwhichthatwhichthatwhichwhowhomwhowhomwhoseaswhoseasTips如何确定关系代词和关系副词如何确定关系代词和关系副词在非限制性定语从句中，不能用why，要用for which。考点二that or which1.This is all_ I know about the matter.2.This is the first English movie _ I have ever seen.3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall.4.Hamburg is

8、the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.5.The scientist and his achievements _you told me are admired by us all.6.Which of the books _ were borrowed from him is the best?用正确的关系词填空用正确的关系词填空thatthatthatthatthatthat先行词是先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词时等不定代词时;先行词被序数词修饰时先行词被序数词修饰时;当先行词

9、既有人又有物当先行词既有人又有物,定语从句用定语从句用that引导引导(that既可指人既可指人也可指物也可指物)若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词who,which时，为了避免重复时，为了避免重复,关系代词不再用关系代词不再用who,which.先行词形容词最高级修饰时先行词形容词最高级修饰时;先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery(正是正是,恰是恰是),thelast修饰时修饰时;1.I have lost my watch,_ I like very much.2.Taiwan is part of China,_ is known to all of us.3.Can you

10、 lend me the book about _ you talked last night?whichwhichwhichChoosing:thatorwhich?结论结论2.引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代词引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代词which,不用不用that,且做从句宾语时不能省略介词且做从句宾语时不能省略介词+关系词引导关系词引导定语从句定语从句,先行词是物时，只用先行词是物时，只用which，不用，不用that.考点三、考点三、介词介词+关系代词关系代词This is the machine on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang,wi

11、th _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.whichwhom要点要点1:紧跟介词的关系词，紧跟介词的关系词，引导定语从句时引导定语从句时,指事物指事物用用which,指人用指人用whom。用适当的关系词填空：用适当的关系词填空：要点要点2：介词：介词 关系代词引导的定语从句中关系代词引导的定语从句中,介词介词如何选择如何选择-The man _ whom I talked at the meeting is from New York.-He showed me to some reference books _ which I am not

12、very familiar.-He came to the farm,_ which he finally settled.-China has many rivers,_ which the Yangtze River is the longest.1).看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配；看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配；2).根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭配；根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭配；3).表示表示“所有格所有格”或或“整体中的部分整体中的部分”时，用介词时，用介词of.withwithonof.考点四、考点四、关系代词关系代词 as 的

13、用法的用法关系代词关系代词as既可以引导限制性定从，也可以既可以引导限制性定从，也可以引导非限制性定从，常用于以下情况：引导非限制性定从，常用于以下情况：There is no such place _ you dream of in this world.世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。I have the same trouble _ you have.我和你有同样的麻烦。我和你有同样的麻烦。1.先行词被先行词被so,such,thesame修饰时，后面的定修饰时，后面的定语从句常用语从句常用as引导，引导，as在从句中可充当主语，宾在从句中可充当主语，

14、宾语，表语。语，表语。ThisisthesamewatchasIlost.ThisisthesamewatchthatIlostasas2.在非限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，as常常 用于固用于固定搭配。定搭配。Asisknowntoall/Asweallknow,众所周知众所周知Ashasbeensaid/mentionedbefore,如前所述如前所述Asoftenhappens/Asisoftenthecase,正如经常发生的那样正如经常发生的那样在此用法中在此用法中,as所引导的定所引导的定语从句可放在主句前、语从句可放在主句前、句中、句中、或主句后。或主句后。Chooset

15、hecorrectanswers:1.The air quality in the city,_ is shown in the report,has improved over the past two months.A.that B.it C.as D.what2.Such signs _ we use in the experiment_ Greek letters.A.as,are B.as,is C.that,are D.that,is3._ we expected,he passed the exam.A.that B.it C.as D.whatCAC考点五考点五关系代词关系代词

16、as和和which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1.He is honest,as/which we can see.2.As is known to all,China is a developing country.3.Tom was late for school again and again,which made his teacher very angry.4.John,as you know,is a famous writer.5.Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times,which I dont believe.6.Tom

17、drinks a lot everyday,which his wife doesnt like at all.分析以下句子，比较as与which的区别要点要点:引导非限制性定语从句时，引导非限制性定语从句时，as跟跟which的区别：的区别：asas“正如正如正像正像”句首，句首，句中，句中，句末句末若关系词指若关系词指代前面整句代前面整句话，且位于话，且位于主句之后，主句之后，二者有时候二者有时候可以互换可以互换.whichwhich“这这”“这件事这件事”句中，句中，句末句末.考点六定语从句必须注意的特殊例子定语从句必须注意的特殊例子 定语从句必须注意的特殊例子定语从句必须注意的特殊例子

18、1.先行词为先行词为situation,case,stage,point,position,mark等且关系词在从句中作状语时，要用等且关系词在从句中作状语时，要用where eg.Can you imaging the situation _ you can use the word.where注意：“抽象”的地点名词，如case(案例/例子),point,situation,stage(时期/阶段),position,condition,activity,business 等，在定语从句中作状语时，用where/in whichHes got himself into a dangerou

19、s situation_ he is likely to lose control over the plane.Today,well discuss a number of cases_ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity_ sight matters more than hearing.The young man reached a stage _ he had to choose a ne

20、w job.wherewherewherewhere2.way后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种后面的定语从句，引导定语从句有三种情况：情况：a.在比较正式的文体中用在比较正式的文体中用inwhich；b.一般情况下用一般情况下用that；c.inwhich和和that省去。省去。Iwasstruckbythebeautyofthewayinwhichshestood.ItwasclearthatthespeakernowtrustedTomfromthewayinwhichthesewordsweresaid.Doyouknowtheway_heworkedtheproblem.that/i

21、n which/-1).We first broke the law in awaywhich was peaceful.2).In 1770 the room was completed theway she wanted.3).They learned this from theway（inwhich/that）the bones were joined together.4).The way _ he solved the problem is not the way _ I told him.inwhich/that/that/which3.定语从句中的主谓一致。定语从句中的主谓一致。

22、He is one of the students who _(be)from the south.He is the(only)one of the students who_(be)from the south.4.分隔式定语从句定语从句有时不直接紧跟先行词，中间由一个定语，状语，或谓语隔开。There is an expression in his eye that I can not understand.areisThis is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all

23、like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)改错训练1.Do you know Tom,who we talked about?2.I had

24、told them the reason,why I didnt attend the meeting.3.Which I expected,he didnt believe me.4.He lives in the room,the window of that faces the south.5.The man with who I worked has left.6.This is the skirt that I bought it yesterday.7.The computer to which I paid 4000 yuan is made in Shanghai.8.Ill

25、never forget the time when I spent on campus.9.Carol said the work would be done by October,as personally I doubt very much.10.The movie,I have seen three times,is very interesting.|_whom_for which_As_which_for_that/which/-_which/which_whom高考真题链接高考真题链接1【2012全国卷II】That evening,_ I will tell you more

26、about later,I ended up working very late.A.thatB.whichC.what D.when2.【2012重庆】Sales director is a position _communication ability is just as important as sales skills.A.which B.that C.when D.where3.【2012福建】The air quality in the city,_ is shown in the report,has improved over the past two months.A.th

27、at B.it C.as D.what高考真题链接高考真题链接4.【2012陕西】It is the third time that she has won the race,_ has surprised us all.A.that B.where C.which D.what5.【2012山东】Maria has written two novels,both of _ have been made into television series.A.them B.that C.which D.what6.【2012天津】I wish to thank Professor Smith,wit

28、hout _ help I would never have got this far.A.who B.whose C.whom D.which7.【2012江西】By 16:30,_ was almost closing time,nearly all the paintings had been sold.A.which B.when C.what D.that高考真题链接高考真题链接8.【2013陕西】_ is often the case with children,Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.It B.That C.

29、What D.As9.【2013重庆24】John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of_ are family members.A them B.that C.which D.whom10.【2013湖南21】Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.who C.what D.whichD D B高考真题链接高考真题链接11.【2013浙江5】The children,_ had play

30、ed the whole day long,were worn out.A.all of what B.all of which C.all of them D.all of whom12.【2013新课标II卷4】When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house_ I would be staying.A.whatB.when C.where D.which13.【2013安徽29】Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,_ made one of the Chinese p

31、eoples long-held dreams come true.A.it B.that C.what D.whichCDD高考真题链接高考真题链接14.【2013山东31】There is no simple answer,_ is often the case in science.A.as B.that C.when D.where 15.【2013山东35】Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.where C.which D.whom 16.【2013北京27】Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whose D.whereACDthanks for your thanks for your attention!attention!