解读国内外化学相关新工艺的发展现状及前景.doc

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1、 解读国内外化学相关新工艺的发展现状及前景化学，从古代时就引起了重视。古代帝王的炼丹术，就是一种化学工艺，也是从那时起，化学教育起步了。对于当时而言，炼丹术就是一种新的化学工艺，随着历史的车轮，现在世界与那时相比较，进步的太多了，可是，化学的新工艺还是如雨后春笋一般地出现，我们要想取得更加辉煌的成就，就应该清楚地掌握现在化学新工艺的发展情况，然后再分析它的发展前景，这样才能让化学这一门科学更好地为人们所用。Chemistry, has caused the attention from ancient times. Of the ancient Kings of alchemy, is a k

2、ind of chemical process, and since then, the chemical education started. For at that time, and alchemy is a kind of new chemical process, along with the wheel of history, is now the world compared with at that time, the progress of too many, however, the new technology of chemical or have mushroomed

3、 in general, we want to make more brilliant achievements, should be clearly grasp the chemical now the development of new technology, then analyze its development prospect, so as to let the chemical it better for people to use a science.1 重视化学的必要性1, attach importance to the necessity of the chemical

4、化学早已作为一门中学的必修课了，从这里就可以看出化学的重要程度。诺贝尔化学奖获得者H.W.Kroto曾经说过，二十一世纪虽然是一个以生命与信息为主要技术的时代，但是化学的地位非但没有降低，反而走上了新的高度，这是因为化学本身就是一门过渡的、集多种新兴技术与一身的学科。化学的发展已经引起世界各国的注意了，化学是一门可以引起质变的学科，为人类的不断发展起到了保驾护航的作用，世界的经济、社会发展都与之有相当密切的关系。以我国为例子，这几年化学研究方面取得了飞速的发展，相关的论文、期刊，不仅数量在增多，文章的质量也显著提升，这都是化学发展的客观反映。在如此大好的局势下，我们更应该抓住机遇，分析研究化学

5、新工艺的发展情况与前景，从而推动化学的进一步发展。Chemical already as a compulsory for high school, from here you can see the importance of the chemical. Nobel chemistry laureate H.W.K roto once said that although the 21st century is an era of life and information as the main technology, chemical status rather than reduce,

6、but instead on a new level, this is because the chemical is in itself a transition, collect a variety of emerging technologies and disciplines. Chemical development has attracted worldwide attention, chemistry is a can cause qualitative change of the subject, for human development have played an imp

7、ortant role in the escort, the worlds economic and social development are quite close relationship with them. In our country as an example, chemical research over the past few years has made rapid development, and related papers, journals, not only in the number of increasing, the quality of the art

8、icle is also significantly increased, and these are objective reflection of the chemical development. In such a good situation, we should seize the opportunity to study chemistry and prospects the development of new technology, so as to promote the further development of the chemical.2 国内外化学新工艺的发展现状

9、2 chemical new technology development present situation at home and abroad就国内而言，我们单单从近年来化学工作者所获得的奖励情况就可以看出化学新工艺的发展是多么迅猛：如侯建国等的“单分子结构与电子态的理论和实验研究”、陈新滋等的“新型手性配体的设计、制备及其在不对称催化反应中的应用”等奖项，都是高水平工艺的代表。下面就国内的化学新工艺中比较突出的几点现状做一简要介绍：In terms of domestic, we only reward obtained by the chemical workers in recen

10、t years, the situation is how quickly we can see the development of new technology of chemical: such as Hou Jianguo single molecule structure and electronic state of the theoretical and experimental study, Chen Xinzi new design, preparation of chiral ligands and their applications in asymmetric cata

11、lytic reactions are award, are in the process of high level. Here are more outstanding points in domestic chemical new technology give a brief introduction of current situation:首先，出现了很多与生命科学融合的化学新工艺，比如化学与生物医学的联系，生物医用高分子材料就是一种化学上的新工艺，一般来讲，这种高分子材料分为体外应用与体内应用两大类，比较新的工艺是体内应用的生物可吸收或可降解的高分子材料。这些材料可以用于手术缝合

12、、体内固定件等处。制造这些高分子的材料主要来源于胶原蛋白与一些人工合成的高分子，比如外消旋聚乳酸等物。将化学与生命科学融合所取得的成绩是很显著的，成功地解决了一些医学上的难题，造福于人类。其次，相对重视与国民经济的结合，这一点是很容易理解的，正如我国始终把发展生产力、提高人民的生活水平作为基本一样，只有经济发展了，社会才能进步，因此，化学作为一门很重要的学科，当然也要重视促进经济的发展。并且在这一点上，我国取得了很多成绩，比如稀土镁合金的成功应用为神州6号飞船减重13kg，满足了国家的重大需求，再比如四川攀西矿高效、清洁稀土的分离流程，经专家鉴定一致认为“该流程达到国际领先水平”，这些都体现了

13、化学新工艺与国民经济结合的密切性。再次，现在的化学新工艺的发展很重视创新，最具有代表性的就是纳米技术，纳米技术的应用范围很广泛，几乎涉及到了各个领域。比如应用纳米技术创建了一些高敏感度、高选择性的酶电化学传感器，可以用于医学。再比如利用纳米技术制造了一些灵敏度高的、稳定的化学传感器，除此之外，纳米技术在研究高分子的工作中也有重要作用，比如杨柏等相关工作者，通过带烷基季铵化聚苯乙烯共聚物与巯基取代羧酸包覆的纳米晶复合，实现了其可加工性，能形成环状、螺环和纤维状的单色或多色微球，还能形成纳米图案化，在高含量化合物半导体量子点纳米粒子聚合物复合材料制备方面进展明显，这些成果对相关的科研、工业等领域都

14、有很重要的作用。最后，将化学新工艺用于缓解环境污染也是一个新的尝试，这种尝试具有很高的实践性，并且已经取得了不错的效果。比如在水处理方面，科研人员将生物与化学工艺结合，研究出多种方法。比如BC法，这种方法既经济有效，又减少了投药量。可以说是很重要的发现，而在对环境污染比较严重的方面，比如有毒物质的转移、水体沉淀物中的有机污染物降解等，相关的科研人员都进行了大量的实验研究，同样也取得了令人欣慰的成就，环境污染问题是关乎每一个人利益的事情，因此国际上对此的重视程度很高，运用化学工艺改善环境、减少污染，是一项需要一直坚持的事业。First of all, there are a lot of che

15、mistry and life science fusion new technology, such as chemical and biological medicine, biomedical polymer material is a new chemical process, generally speaking, this kind of polymer material divided into two categories: in vitro and body application, more new technology is applied in vivo biologi

16、cal absorbable or biodegradable polymer materials. These materials can be used for surgical suture and fixed in the body parts, etc. The manufacture of these polymer materials mainly derived from collagen and some synthetic polymers, such as racemic polylactic acid, etc. Fused chemistry and life sci

17、ence is very significant achievements, successfully solves the problem of some medical, benefit the human beings. Secondly, relative value and the combination of the national economy, it is easy to understand, just as China has always put the development of the productive forces, improve peoples liv

18、ing standard as the basic same, only the economic development, society can progress, therefore, chemical as a very important subject, of course also should attach importance to promote the development of economy. And at this point, our country has made many achievements, such as the successful appli

19、cation of rare earth magnesium alloys for the shenzhou 6 spacecraft weight 13 kg, meet the demand of the countrys major, such as sichuan panzhihua-xichang again clean and efficient separation of rare earth mining process, the expert appraisal of agreed that the process has reached the international

20、leading level, the new technology and the national economy reflect the chemical combination of close sex. Again, now the development of new technology of chemical attaches great importance to innovation, the most representative is nanotechnology, nanometer technology application range is very wide,

21、almost involved in all areas. Such as the application of nanometer technology to create some of the high sensitivity and high selectivity of electrochemical enzyme sensors, can be used in medicine. Another example using nanotechnology manufacturing some of the high sensitivity, stable chemical senso

22、rs, in addition, nanotechnology also play an important role in research of polymer, such as Yang Bai related workers, by taking alkyl quaternary ammonium polystyrene copolymer with thiol instead of carboxylic acid coated nanocrystalline composite, implements its machinability, can form a ring and sp

23、iral ring and fibrous, monochrome or polychromatic microspheres can form nano-patterned, the high content of compound semiconductor quantum dot nanoparticles polymer composite material preparation progress, these achievements of relevant scientific research, industry and other fields has a very impo

24、rtant role. Finally, the new technology of chemical is used to relieve environment pollution is also a new attempt, this has a high practicality, and have achieved good effect. In water treatment, for example, researchers combines biological and chemical technology, developed a variety of methods. B

25、C method, for example, the economy of this method is effective, and reduces the o-phenylenediamine. Can be said to be the very important finding, and on the environmental pollution is more serious, such as the transfer of toxic substances and organic pollutants degradation in water, sediment, etc, r

26、elated researchers have made a lot of experimental research, also has obtained gratifying achievements, the environment pollution problem is about each persons interests, so the international attention to this degree is very high, use chemical technology to improve the environment, reduce pollution,

27、 is a need to always adhere to the business.以上只是化学新工艺目前为止在国内的较为典型的发展情况，对于国外而言，这些方面都有发展，并且相关工艺比国内要先进，比如对生活垃圾的处理，国外早就采取了一些生物化学的方法，可是这一技术在我国还并没有普及，我们应该加强与外国的联系，相互交流，促进化学的发展。More than just chemical new technology so far was typical in the domestic development situation, for abroad, these aspects are dev

28、elopment, and related technology than domestic advanced, such as living garbage processing, abroad have already adopted some biochemistry method, but also didnt popularize this technology in our country, we should strengthen the contact with foreign, mutual exchanges, promote the development of chem

29、istry.3 化学新工艺的发展前景Three chemical technology development prospects立足于有利于我国发展的长远角度来看，我认为化学新工艺的发展前景还是相当广阔的，化学是一门综合性学科，尤其是现在国际上的学术发展呈现出一种多元化的现象，越来越注重学科之间的相互融合，在这样的背景下，化学的地位愈加显现，通过化学，学者们可以把多个学科相贯通，这样也许就会产生一些新的思想、新的成就。尤其在一些纳米技术、材料技术、环境科学、航天科学、核技术方面，化学的新工艺已经取得了比较瞩目的成绩，相信在这些工艺的发展下，会在很大程度上推动社会科学的进步。Based on

30、long-term perspective is beneficial to the development of our country, I think the new technology of chemical development prospect is very broad, chemistry is a comprehensive discipline, especially academic development in the world now took on a pluralistic phenomenon, more and more attention to int

31、egration between subject, in this context, the status of the chemical appeared increasingly, through chemical, scholars can be well versed in multiple disciplines, so maybe will have some new ideas and new achievements. Especially in some of the nanotechnology, materials technology, environmental sc

32、ience, space science, nuclear technology, the new technology of chemical comparison has been made remarkable achievements, believe that in the process of development, will largely promote progress of social science.本文通过简要的分析了化学相关新工艺的发展现状与发展前景，体现出了化学的重要性，如今在日常生活中的方方面面都有可能应用到化学，化学已经具有不可替代的地位了，这不仅仅对相关的

33、化学工作者提出了更高的要求，也对整个社会甚至整个国家提出了要求，从国家来讲，一定要营造一种学术的氛围，而对于个人，要积极地学习、研究，发现更多新的工艺，更好地造福于人类。Chemical related in this paper, a brief analysis of the new technology development present situation and development prospect, and reflects the importance of chemistry in all aspects of daily life may be applied to

34、chemical, chemical already has the irreplaceable status, not only put forward higher request to the relevant chemical workers, and also puts forward, on the whole society and even the whole country from the country, must build a kind of academic atmosphere, for the individuals, should actively study, research, find out more new technology, to better benefit the mankind.5