B5U1P5解析.ppt

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1、Unit 1 Great scientistsPeriod 5 Step 1 Leading-in(3mins)Review what we learned last time.Reading,writing and learning tips Copernicus born:in Polandin Poland in 1473in 1473 died:May 24,1543May 24,1543 哥白尼哥白尼(Nicolaus Copernicus,1473-1543),波兰天文学家、日心说创立者波兰天文学家、日心说创立者,近代天文学的奠基人。近代天文学的奠基人。哥白尼经过长期的天文观测和研

2、哥白尼经过长期的天文观测和研究究,创立了更为科学的宇宙结构体系创立了更为科学的宇宙结构体系日心说日心说,从此否定了在西方统治从此否定了在西方统治达一千多年的地心说。达一千多年的地心说。日心说经历了艰苦的斗争后日心说经历了艰苦的斗争后,才为人们才为人们所接受所接受,这是天文学上一次伟大的革命这是天文学上一次伟大的革命,不仅引起了人类宇宙观的重大革新不仅引起了人类宇宙观的重大革新,而而且从根本上动摇了欧洲中世纪宗教神且从根本上动摇了欧洲中世纪宗教神学的理论支柱。学的理论支柱。“从此自然科学便开从此自然科学便开始从神学中解放出来始从神学中解放出来”,“科学的发展科学的发展从此便大踏步前进从此便大踏步

3、前进”（恩格斯（恩格斯自然自然辩证法辩证法）。）。哥白尼著有阐述日心说的哥白尼著有阐述日心说的天体运行论天体运行论(1543年出版年出版),由于受到时代的局限由于受到时代的局限,在在日心说中保留了所谓日心说中保留了所谓“完美的完美的”圆形轨圆形轨道等论点。其后道等论点。其后开普勒开普勒建立行星运动三建立行星运动三定律定律,牛顿牛顿发现万有引力定律，以及行星发现万有引力定律，以及行星光行差、视差相继发现光行差、视差相继发现,日心说遂建立在日心说遂建立在更加稳固的科学基础上。更加稳固的科学基础上。Copernicus Revolutionary Theory Eight Planets In th

4、e Solar System Mercury 水星水星Venus 金星金星Earth 地球地球Mars 火星火星Jupiter 木星木星Saturn 土星土星Uranus 天王星天王星Neptune 海王星海王星Eight Planets In the Solar System:Read carefully and try to draw the two theories of the universe.Before Copernicus theoryShowing Copernicus theoryThe Earth was stationary at the center of the s

5、olar system,and the Sun and planets revolved around it.The Sun is stationary at the center of the solar system,and the Earth and the other planets orbit around it.Step2.Thinking(13mins)1.Read the important language points loudly.(5mins)2.Try to remember the important language points and finish the e

6、xercises by yourself.(8mins)Step 3 Discussing(9mins)1.Discuss your answers with your partners.2.Find out the difficult language points you dont understand.Step 4 Presenting(8mins)1.Read the language points loudly.2.Present the answers on the blackboard.1.confused;confusion3.D C4.一年前还是废墟的地方已经有幢幢高一年前还

7、是废墟的地方已经有幢幢高楼拔地而起。楼拔地而起。BAD 5.spin around the body whirl in the wind6.6.我是个比较谨慎的人，所以更我是个比较谨慎的人，所以更青睐可靠的品牌。青睐可靠的品牌。B AStep 5 Explaining(9mins)Language points 1.confuse vt.使使困惑，糊涂困惑，糊涂 同同 puzzle 混淆，弄混混淆，弄混 把把A和和B弄混弄混 confuse A with B The old man easily _这这位老人很容易位老人很容易糊涂糊涂。The instructions on the box a

8、re very _盒子上的使用盒子上的使用说说明很明很令人令人费费解解。gets confused confusing There is some _ about what the correct procedure should be 对对于于应该应该采取的正确步采取的正确步骤骤，还还有一些有一些不明确不明确。confusion I get _(confuse)by what he said and I dont know what to do He remained calm in the_(confuse)of the battle confused confusion 2.conclu

9、de vt.结结束；推断出束；推断出 conclusion n.结论结论，结结束束得出得出结论结论：draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion立刻下结论 当.结束时；总之 jump to a confusion at the conclusion of in conclusion 3.Only if you put the sun in the center did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense只有只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运天

10、空中其他行星的运动动才能才能说说得清楚。得清楚。only if 只只有有；只只要要。当当以以only引引导导的的短短语语或或状状语语从从句句放放于于句句首首时时，为为了了加强语气，句子需要倒装。加强语气，句子需要倒装。Only if you work hard can you improve your English.表述清楚，讲得通；有意义。表述清楚，讲得通；有意义。e.g.这个句子完全讲不通。这个句子完全讲不通。make sense This sentence doesnt make any sense.明白明白，理解，理解 ；无意义，行不通无意义，行不通在某方面，就某种意义来说在某方面，

11、就某种意义来说；决不决不 make sense of make no sense in a/some sense in no sense a sense of humour/direction/balance/smell/taste 幽默感幽默感/方向感方向感/平衡感平衡感/嗅嗅觉觉/味味觉觉 做某事无意做某事无意义义 There is no sense(in)doing something.make sense 主主语为语为物物，意，意为为某事某事有道理，有道理，讲讲得通。得通。make sense of 主主语为语为人人，意，意为为某人理解某人理解/弄清楚弄清楚/搞明白某事搞明白某事We

12、read it through,but could not make sense of it.我们看了一遍，但不明白它说些什我们看了一遍，但不明白它说些什么。么。(2005浙江浙江)I am sure David will be able to find the libraryhe has a pretty good _ of direction.Aidea Bfeeling Cexperience Dsense D (2005上海上海)I have read the material several times but it doesnt make any _ to me.A.meaning

13、 B.importance C.sense D.significance C arise vi Various new problems may arise in future.将来可能会将来可能会出出现现种种新种种新问题问题。Notice what emotions arise within you.注意你内心所升注意你内心所升腾腾出的情出的情绪绪。arose;arisen 1)arise (arose,arisen)vi.（问问题题、困、困难难等）出等）出现发现发生，主生，主语语一一般般为为抽象名抽象名词词，如，如 problem，trouble，quarrel，difficulty，mi

14、sunderstanding等等,无被无被动语态动语态。由由.引起，因引起，因.产产生生 arise from /out of sth.由于缺乏沟通，问题出现了由于缺乏沟通，问题出现了Problems arose out of/from the lack of communication.2)rise vi.上升，升高，上上升，升高，上涨涨。常表示。常表示主主语语自身移向自身移向较较高位置。主高位置。主语语多多为为具体名具体名词词如如sun,moon,cloud,smoke,temperature,price 等。等。无被无被动语态动语态 The river _ by several mete

15、rs.河水上河水上涨涨了几米。了几米。has risen rose,risen The temperature in the room _ higher and higher.房房间间里的温度越来越高。里的温度越来越高。is rising raise vt.提高，养育，募集，提高，养育，募集，举举起，后起，后必必须须跟跟宾语宾语，可用于被可用于被动语态动语态 I was raised by my aunt on a farm.They raised their output by more than half in less than three years.raised,raised 养育养

16、育 提高提高 (山山东东2012)A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.译译：_ 一年前一年前 还是一片还是一片 废墟的地方废墟的地方已经有幢幢高楼拔地而起。已经有幢幢高楼拔地而起。(陕陕西西2012)Eating too much fatty food,exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease.摄摄入高脂肪的食物入高脂肪的食物过过多、多、锻炼锻炼过过少

17、以及抽烟都会增加未来患上少以及抽烟都会增加未来患上心心脏脏病的几率。病的几率。What is the price of petrol these days?Oh，it _ sharply since last month Ais raised Bhas risen Chas arisen D.is increased B Voices were_ when the discussion became heatedAraised Bshouted Cimproved Drisen A You should be careful.Accidents can _ from carelessnessA

18、rise B.raise Cgo D.arise D 5.spin vi.&vt(使使)旋旋转转；纺纺(线线或或纱纱)，疾，疾驰驰。“(蜘蛛、蚕等蜘蛛、蚕等)吐吐(丝丝)，织织(网网)；作作茧茧 The revolving door spun around那个旋那个旋转门转门快速地旋快速地旋转转。spun,spun spinspunspin a top抽陀螺a spinning coin一个旋转的硬币a spinning wheel 纺车spunspinning She was busy spinning cotton into thread她忙于将棉花她忙于将棉花纺纺成成线线。spin al

19、ong沿着沿着疾疾驰驰；spin round快速旋快速旋转转；spininto将将纺纺成成【易混辨析易混辨析】spin&whirl spin 指陀螺似的旋指陀螺似的旋转转;whirl 指指树树叶等因刮叶等因刮风风而旋而旋转飞转飞舞。舞。A hula hoop can_(绕绕着身子着身子转转)Leaves_(在在风风中旋中旋转转)spin around the body whirl in the wind 6.1）enthusiastic adj热热情情的的；热热心的心的 同同eager，The boy became enthusiastic about/for/over popular mus

20、ic 这这个男孩个男孩对对流行音流行音乐乐很狂很狂热热。She is enthusiastic to watch TV她非常喜她非常喜欢欢看看电视电视。【词词形形变变化化】enthusiasm n.热热心，心，热热情，情，热热忱忱 He showed much enthusiasm for our plan他他对对我我们们的的计计划划表表现现出出极极大大的的热热忱。忱。enthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiastically She shows boundless _ for the work.无限的无限的She greeted him _ with a kiss.Sh

21、e is very _ about Eastern music.enthusiasmenthusiasticallyenthusiastic2）_ adj.小心的；谨慎的小心的；谨慎的 反反 _ _adv小心地，谨慎地小心地，谨慎地 _n.&v.小心，谨慎；警告小心，谨慎；警告 cautious incautious cautiously caution 【固定搭配固定搭配】You should be cautious not to make any mistakes in the exam The old lady is very cautious with her money.小心不要做某

22、事小心不要做某事 对对.小心小心 He is cautious in his choice of word.在在.谨谨慎慎 (2012浙江）浙江）Being a cautious type,I fancied a reliable brand.译译：_。我是个比较谨慎的人，所以更我是个比较谨慎的人，所以更青睐可靠的品牌。青睐可靠的品牌。My father likes to play golf；hes really enthusiastic _ it Aby Babout Cwith D.on B On snowy days，you have to drive very _ to avoid t

23、raffic accidents Acautiously B.neatly Csmoothly Dproperly A 6.cautious:careful to avoid risk be cautious about/of sb./sth.对.谨慎，慎重cautiouslyThe guard warned me to be cautious about strangers.The bank is very cautious about lending money.My father is a very cautious driver.银行在贷款方面十分慎重。银行在贷款方面十分慎重。警卫告戒

24、我要当心陌生人。警卫告戒我要当心陌生人。我的爸爸是一位非常谨慎的司机。我的爸爸是一位非常谨慎的司机。cautious;curiousa.Ive always been very _ about giving my address to strangers.b.He is very _ about the origin of mankind.cautious curious 7.1）reject用于直截了当地用于直截了当地拒拒绝绝接接受某人或不用某物受某人或不用某物，语语气最生硬，气最生硬，暗示所拒暗示所拒绝绝的事物是无用的和没有的事物是无用的和没有价价值值的，后直的，后直接跟名接跟名词词作作宾

25、语宾语，不不接接动词动词不定式。不定式。e.g.They rejected his application for membership.他他们们拒拒绝绝了他的会了他的会员员申申请请。refuse意意为为“拒拒绝绝”，主要用于，主要用于拒拒绝别绝别人的人的请请求，要求或邀求，要求或邀请请等，等，后可以后可以接接动词动词不定式不定式。Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his breadand butter.Alex很很纳闷为纳闷为什么罐子里的什么罐子里的鱼鱼怎么会不吃他的面包黄油呢。怎么会不吃他的面包黄油呢。3）decline

26、意意为为“有礼貌地有礼貌地谢绝谢绝”，后可以接名，后可以接名词词，代，代词词或或动词动词不不定式作定式作宾语宾语。e.g.I must regretfully decline your kind invitation.rejectan offera possibilitya theoryrefuse to acceptrejectedcandidate applicant If you dont like Tom,you may r_ his gift.If you dont think the suggestion is suitable for you,you may r_ it.ejec

27、teject请选用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。请选用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。Tom dreamed of joining the army when he was very young.He was very _ and made a plan to study hard.He was _ about the plan.But when he was about 16,he got a bad illness.Because of this,he was _ in his studies and also he was _ by the army.backward;complete;ent

28、husiastic;cautious;rejectcautiousenthusiasticbackwardrejected Step 6 Checking(3mins)1.We _(推断推断)that he didnt tell us the truth.That is,he was lying.2.What he says _他他说说的有道理。的有道理。3.An opportunity has _ (arise/rise/raise).机会来了。机会来了。concluded makes sense arisen 4.The students are _ not to make any mistakes in spelling.学生学生们们非常小心以免犯拼写非常小心以免犯拼写错误错误5.They _ his application for membership.他他们们拒拒绝绝考考虑虑他的成他的成员资员资格申格申请请 cautious rejected