高考英语二轮复习第三部分题型强化训练专题二完型填空第3课时说明文议论文类完形填空116.pdf

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1、第 1 页 专题二 完型填空 第 3 课时 说明文、议论文类完形填空 题组一 体验真题 Cloze 1 体裁：说明文 话题：环境保护 词数：290 时间：16(2021 安徽卷)1_is that countries around the world have growing mountains of _2_because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we_3_a throwaway society？First of all，it is now easier to_45_modern manufac

2、turing(制造业)and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and_6_ Another cause is our_78_people，we are always looking for_9 _10_ thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few.Our appetit

3、e for new products also_11_to the problem.We are_12_buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that_13_is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we_14_useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world，we can see the_1516_the amount 第 2 页 of r

4、ubbish and to protect the_1718_，this is not enough to solve(解决)our problem.Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions_19_throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes about_20_ Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce t

5、he amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.【语篇解读】文章主要讲是堆积如山垃圾给环境带来影响。随着社会开展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便同时，也给环境带来很大压力。1A.key Breason Cproject Dproblem 答案 D 句意：关键是世界各国日益堆积如山垃圾。A.答案；B.原因；C.工程；D.问题。根据第二行“the world.可知，出现问题是垃圾堆积如山，应选 D。2A.gifts Brubbish Cdebt D products 答案 B 句意：因为

6、人们扔掉垃圾比以往任何时候都多。考察上下文逻辑关系。根据下文中 throwing out more rubbish 可知。Bbecome Cobserve Dchange 答案 B 句意：我们如何成为一个一次性社会？考察动词辨析。第 3 页 Bcontrol Creplace Dwithdraw 答案 C 句意：首先，现在我们可以更容易地替换一个对象要比花时间与金钱来修复它更容易。5A.Thanks to BAs to CExcept for DRegardless of 答案 A 句意：由于现代制造业与技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。考察介词短语辨析。A.幸亏；由于；B.至于；关于；C.

7、除之外；D.不顾；不管。Bfunny Ccheap Dpowerful 答案 C 句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。考察形容词辨析。A.平安；B.滑稽可笑；D.强大；强有力；均不符合题意。7A.love Black Cprevention Ddivision ；阻碍；D.部门；分割。8A.sensitive Bkind Cbrave Dbusy 答案 D 句意：对于忙碌人而言，我们一直在寻找方法来节省时间，让我们生活更容易。考察生活常识。A.敏感；B.与蔼；C.勇敢。Bplaces Cjobs Dfriends 答案 A 句意：见 8 题。way to do sth 为固定搭配。10A.donate

8、 Breceive 第 4 页 Cproduce Dpreserve 答案 C 句意：公司生产成千上万不同种类一次性产品，如纸盘子，塑料杯，照相机，等等。考察逻辑关系。A.捐赠；B.收到；D.保护；维持。11A.adapts Breturns Cresponds Dcontributes 答案 D 句意：我们新产品需求也导致一些问题。考察固定短语搭配。A.适应；改编；B.返回；回复；C.对做出反响。D.contribute to“有助于；导致。12A.tired of Baddicted to Cworried about Dashamed for 答案 B 句意：我们热衷于购置新东西。考察固

9、定短语搭配。A.对厌倦；B.对上瘾；迷恋于；C.担忧；D.为感到惭愧。13A.newer Bstronger Chigher Dlarger 答案 A 句意：广告说服我们：越新越好。我们会更乐于使用最新产品。考察生活常识。14A.pick up Bpay for Chold onto Dthrow away 答案 D 句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用东西，为新物品腾出空间。考察上下文逻辑关系。A.捡起；学会；B.付款；赔偿；C.紧紧抓住，抓住不放；保持住；D.扔掉，丢弃。第 5 页 15A.advantages Bpurposes Cfunctions Dconsequences 答案 D 句意：在

10、世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式后果。考察名词辨析。A.优势；优点；B.目；C.功能；D.后果；结果。Brecord Cdecrease Dmeasure 答案 C 句意：为了减少垃圾，保护环境，越来越多政府要求人们回收材料。考察动词辨析。A.显示；说明；B.记录；记载；C.减少；D.测量；权衡。17A.technology Benvironment Cconsumers Dbrands 答案 B 句意：见 16 题。考察上下文逻辑关系。由文章最后 take care of our environment 可知。18A.However BOtherwise CTherefore DMe

11、anwhile 答案 A 句意：然而，这并缺乏以解决我们问题。考察联系副词。A.可是；然而；B.否那么；C因此；D.与此同时。19A.by Bin favour of Cafter Dinstead of 答案 D 句意：我们需要修复我们财产而不是丢弃。考察介词与介词短语辨析。B.支持；赞成。20A.spending Bcollecting 第 6 页 Crepairing Dadvertising 答案 A 句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费态度。考察逻辑关系。由上文可知。Cloze 2 体裁：说明文 话题：语言学习 词数：253 时间：15(2021安徽卷)If you want to l

12、earn a new language，the very first thing to think about is why.Do you need it for a_1_reason，such as your job or your studies？_2_perhaps youre interested in the_3_，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a_4_of the language.Most people learn best using a vari

13、ety of_56_an environment where you can practice under the _7_ of someone whos good at the language.We all lead _8_ lives and learning a language takes_9_You will have more success if you study regularly，so try to develop a_10_It doesnt matter if you havent got long.Becoming fluent in a language will

14、 take years，but learning to get by takes_11_ Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“Im too_12_，they say.Yes，children do learn languages more _13_ than adults，but research has shown that you can learn a language at any_14_And learning is 第 7 页 good for the health of your brain，too.Iv

15、e also heard people_15_ about the mistakes they make when_16_Well，relax and laugh about your mistakes _17_youre much less likely to make them again.Learning a new language is never _18_But with some work and devotion，youll make progress.And youll be _19_by the positive reaction of some people when y

16、ou say just a few words in _20_ own language.Good luck!【语篇解读】该篇文章属于说明文，主要讲述了学语言原因。学好语言方式：班级授课及经常练习，个人学习语言态度，即从不放弃，专心致志。1A.technical Bpolitical Cpractical Dphysical 答案 C 根据 your job or your studies 可知，需要学习语言是出于“实际，实用。technical“技术，political“政治，physical“身体。2A.After BSo CThough DOr 答案 D or 表示“选择关系，“或者。3

17、A.literature Btransport Cagriculture Dmedicine 答案 A 根据 film，music 可知，语言与文学有关。4A.view Bknowledge 第 8 页 Cform Ddatabase 答案 B a knowledge of“(掌握)某一方面知识。句意：掌握该语言对你帮助有多大。5A.paintings Bregulations Cmethods Dcomputers 答案 C 句意：使用多种多样学习方法，人们能学得更好，但是传统班级授课制仍对于许多初学者是最好起点。根据traditional classes 可知，该空应为“学习方式(方法)。

18、6A.protect Bchange Crespect Dprovide 答案 D 句意：班级授课提供了在擅长语言人指导下进展练习环境。protect“保护，change“改变，respect“尊重，provide“提供。7A.control Bcommand Cguidance Dpressure 答案 C under the guidance of“在指导下。control“控制，command“命令，pressure“压力。8A.busy Bhappy Csimple Dnormal 答案 A 句意：我们人人过着忙碌生活。busy“繁忙，happy“幸福，simple“简朴，normal

19、“正常。9A.courage Btime Cenergy Dplace 答案 B learning a language takes time.学习语言需要时间，从下文 take years 可推知。第 9 页 10A.theory Bbusiness Croutine Dproject 答案 C 句意：如果你能定期学习，你将会取得更大进步，所以你应努力养成一种习惯。由 regularly 可推知。11A.some risks Ba lot less Csome notes Da lot more 答案 B 句意：语言说得流利会需要好几年时间，但勉强将就那么会需要少得多。根据 but 可知。1

20、2A.old Bnervous Cweak Dtired 答案 A 根据下文可知，该空应填入与“年龄有关词。13A.closely Bquickly Cprivately Dquietly 答案 B 句意：孩子学习语言确要比成年人快。closely“密切地，quickly“快速地，privately“私下地，quietly“静静地。14A.age Bspeed Cdistance Dschool 答案 A 句意：但是研究说明，你在任何年龄都可以学习语言。age“年龄，speed“速度，distance“距离，school“学校。15A.worry Bhesitate Cthink Dquarr

21、el 答案 A worry about“担忧。16A.singing Bworking Cbargaining Dlearning 答案 D 句意：我也听说过人们担忧他们在学习中犯错。第 10 页 17A.if Band Cbut Dbefore 答案 B 句意：放松并嘲笑自己错误，你将会少犯这些错误。该处考察连词用法。18A.tiresome Bhard Cinteresting Deasy 答案 D 句意：学习一种新语言从不是轻松。根据下文 but可推知。19A.blamed Bamazed Cinterrupted Dinformed 答案 B 句意：在你能用别人语言说出几个单词时，你将

22、会对别人积极回应感到惊讶。blame“责备，amaze“惊讶，interrupt“打断，inform“告知。20A.their Bhis Cour Dyour 答案 A 根据上文 some people 可推知。题组二 尝试模拟 Cloze 1(2021湖北八校联考)Most people are poor listeners.Even when we think we are listening carefully，we usually _1_ only half of what we hear，and we remember even less.Improving your listeni

23、ng skills can be _2_ in every part of your life.The most important _3_ of poor listening is giving in to 第 11 页 distractions(分 心 事 物)and letting our thoughts _4_Sometimes，however，we listen too _5_We try to remember every word a speaker says，and we lose the _6_ message by concentrating on details.In

24、other situations，we may jump to conclusions and _7_ a speaker without hearing out the message.Finally，we often judge people by their _8_ or speaking manner _9_ listening to what they say.You can _10_ these poor listening habits by taking several steps.First，take listening _11_ and commit yourself to

25、 becoming a better listener.Second，work at being a(n)_12_ listener.Give your undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to _13_ her or his ideas.Third，_14_ distractions.Make a conscious effort to keep your mind on what the speaker is saying.Fourth，try not to be _1516_ preconceived(事先形成)j

26、udgments based on a persons looks or manner of speech.Fifth，suspend(延缓)judgment _17_ you have heard the speakers entire message.Sixth，_18_ your listening by paying attention to main points，to evidence，and to the speakers techniques.Finally，develop your notetaking skills.When done _19_，note taking is

27、 an excellent way to improve your concentration and to keep 第 12 页 track of a speakers _20_It almost forces you to become a more attentive and creative listener.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何才能成为一名好倾听者。1A.grasp Brealize Cbelieve Dchoose 答案 A 根据上文 poor listeners 及下文 remember even less 可知，即便认真去听，我们通常也只能“领会(gras

28、p)所听到一半内容。2A.difficult Bhelpful Cpossible D practical 答案 B 下文介绍是提高听力技能方法，所以此处指提高听力技能对生活方方面面都有“帮助(helpful)。3A.role Bfactor Cfunction D cause 答案 D 容易受干扰是听力差最重要“原因(cause)。4A.pass Bwander Cstop Dstay 答案 B 根据上文 giving in to distractions 可知，此处指思绪“乱飞(wander)。5A.long Bclearly Chard Dpassively 答案 C 根据下文 We t

29、ry to remember every word 可知，有时，我们听不好是因为听得“过于认真(hard)了。6A.main Bnew Cuseful Dhidden 答案 A 根据下文 concentrating on details 可知，此处指没抓住“主要(main)信息。第 13 页 7A.prejudge Bignore Cdoubt Dleave 答案 A 根据下文 without hearing out the message 可知，没听完对方说什么，就“妄下结论(prejudge)。8A.words Bspeed Cbehavior Dappearance 答案 D 9A.du

30、e to Balong with Cinstead of Dexcept for 答案 C 根据 speaking manner 可知，人们经常通过“外表(appearance)或说话方式，“而不是(instead of)对方所讲内容来评价一个人。下一段looks or manner of speech也是提示。10A.pick up Bgive up Ctake up Dput up 答案 B 下文提到方法都是帮助大家“改掉(give up)不良听力习惯。11A seriously Bnaturally Cpersonally Dwrongly 答案 A 根据下文 commit yourse

31、lf 可知，听别人说话时应该“认真(seriously)。take sth seriously 严肃认真地对待某事。12A.clever Bactive Cfree Dpowerful 答案 B 第 14 页 13A.test Bsupport Cunderstand Ddiscuss 答案 C 根据本句中undivided attention与genuine effort可知，我们应该做一个“积极(active)倾听者，努力去“听懂(understand)对方要表达意思。14A.consider Bshare Cwatch Dresist 答案 D 根据下文 keep your mind o

32、n what the speaker is saying可知，倾听时需要“抵抗(resist)干扰。15A.affected Bpuzzled Creplaced Dpersuaded 答案 A 16A.Set aside BSet down CSet off DSet out 答案 A 根据上一段及下文中 judgments based on a persons looks or manner of speech 可知，此处是说不要被外表等因素“影响(affected)，把那些事先形成判断都“抛到一边(Set aside)。17A.though Bwhen Cuntil Dsince 答案

33、C 要“一直等到(until)对方说完再下结论。18A.check Bfocus Corganize Dmonitor 答案 B 根据下文 main points 可知，此处指要“集中第 15 页(focus)精力去听。19A.eagerly Bsecretly Cslowly Dproperly 答案 D 只有记笔记方法“得当(properly)，它才能在听力中发挥积极作用。20A.questions Bplans Cideas Dchanges 答案 C 记笔记当然是为了记录说话者“观点(ideas)。Cloze 2(2021太原高三模拟)We all love watching fire

34、works，from the attractive shows on the Fourth of July(a national holiday in the US that celebrates the beginning of the United States as a nation)to the Roman candle burning in the backyard.But lets _1_ and think about the price we pay for just a few minutes of _2_ First，the amount of money we spend

35、 on fireworks is _3_ The excitement is gone _4_ Lets face it，what we really are doing is burning _5_Yet，year after year，thousands of cities and towns spend our tax dollars on fireworks displays.Those tax dollars would be put to much better _6_ feeding our hungry and housing our homeless.Second，there

36、 is the matter of _7_Fireworks contain chemicals that are harmful to people and animals.Over the 第 16 页 years，these chemicals will _8_ the air we breathe and the water we drink.Third，lets _9_ the trash left behind after a fireworks display.What a _10_！One would probably _11_ that those who set off t

37、he fireworks would have the politeness to _1213_，they dont.The mess they leave behind _14_ the kind of attitude many Americans have toward our _15_ Fourth，fireworks are _16_ Some fireworks can damage your hearing，especially the fireworks used in public displays that give off a big BANG.Losing your _

38、17_ is too high a price to pay._18_ all the safety warnings，we still see injuries and deaths as a result of fireworks.Approximately 10，000 Americans are injured every year by fireworks.In my view，all consumer fireworks should be _19_ Public fireworks displays should be kept to a minimum and should b

39、e paid for through volunteer funding，not tax dollars.Finally，those people in _20_ of fireworks displays should be responsible for cleaning up the mess they make.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。作者就“是否应该燃放烟花发表了自己观点。第 17 页 1A.stop Bdecide Ccontinue D follow 答案 A 2A.doubt Bhesitation Csurprise Dexcitement 答案 D 上文谈到了大家都喜欢绚

40、丽烟花。根据转折连词 But以及 the price we pay 可知，作者此处说明了自己观点他建议 大 家“停 下 来(stop)，想 一 想 我 们 为 那 短 暂“兴 奋(excitement)所付出代价。下文 The excitement is gone 也是对第 2 空提示。3A.limited Bworthwhile Cabsurd Dnecessary 答案 C 根据第二段论述可知，作者认为我们在烟花上花费很“荒唐，不合理(absurd)。4A.in time Bin a flash Cfor free Dfor a while 答案 B 此处表示烟花“转瞬即逝(gone in

41、 a flash)。in a flash 立即，很快。5A.paper Boil Ctime Dmoney 答案 D 作者认为在烟花上花费是在“烧钱，挥霍(burning money)。6A.use Bplace Cshape Dplay 答案 A 作者认为钱可以有更好用途，比方解决吃饭与住房问第 18 页 题。put sth to(good)use 运用。7A.interest Bexpense Cpollution Dsafety 答案 C 根据下文 chemicals，harmful，air，water 等可知，本段谈论是燃放烟花带来“污染(pollution)问题。8A.absorb

42、Bpoison Creduce Dclean 答案 B 烟花含有有害物质，会“污染(poison)空气与水。9A.forget Bconsider Cresearch Dexplain 答案 B 作者谈第三个问题是燃放烟花制造垃圾。consider(考虑，想想)符合语境。10A.mess Bshame Cpity Dlesson 答案 A 燃放烟花之后，往往是一片狼藉。What a mess 杂乱。下文 The mess 也是提示信息。11A.warn Border Cforbid Dexpect 答案 D 12A.save Bleave Cpick up Dfigure out 答案 C 1

43、3A.Therefore BHowever COtherwise DAnyhow 答案 B 人们“认为(expect)那些燃放烟花人会在完毕之后“收拾(pick up)垃圾，“然而(However)，事实并非如第 19 页 此。14A.changes Badopts Creflects Dshares 答案 C 15A.environment Bpartners Csociety Dbehavior 答案 A 人们放完烟花便扬长而去，压根儿不去理会他们制造垃 圾，这“反 映(reflects)出 一 些 人 对 待“环 境(environment)态度。16A.beautiful Bdange

44、rous Cbright Dcomplex 答案 B 根据下文 Some fireworks can damage your hearing 可知，本段谈论是燃放烟花“危险性(dangerous)。17A.memory Brelatives Chearing Dsight 答案 C 根据上文 damage your hearing 可知答案。18A.Without BBesides CBeyond DDespite 答案 D“有平安警示与“燃放烟花导致伤亡之间为让步关系，应选“Despite(尽管)。19A.banned Bdiscussed Cencouraged Dproduced 答案

45、A 综合上文作者观点，我们可以得知作者反对私人燃放烟花，故此处选“banned(制止)。20A.need Bcharge Chonour Dcase 第 20 页 答案 B“负责(in charge of)燃放烟花人员应该把垃圾清扫干净。Cloze 3(2021 沈 阳 高 三 模 拟)Two interesting aspects of the British tendency are the charity(慈善)shop and the carboot(汽车后备箱)sale.Both of these _1_ selling goods for different purposes.Ch

46、arity shops were _2_ in the early twentieth century by groups like Oxfam and The Salvation Army which wanted to raise money to _3_ charity work.People would donate bags of old clothes and other items like books，records，and furniture which could be _4_ to the public at low prices.Over the last ten ye

47、ars there has been a _5_ in the charity shops in the UK.Some _6_ in welltodo areas are as expensive as upmarket retailers.Go into any charity shop on a Saturday morning and you will find people of all ages and _7_ looking for a bargain;it might be a(n)_8_ CD，a book for a university course，or a brand

48、name shirt.Carboot sales are _9_ popular，but they do not have the aim of raising money for charity.This is a way for people to have a _10_ clearout and get rid of old possessions that they dont want any more and to make _11_ at the same 第 21 页 time.Carboot sales _12_ at weekends in Britain.Here you

49、will _13_ individuals(个人)，groups of friends and families with a table set up at the back of their car，selling all kinds of things out of the _1415_ there are asking prices for the items on sale，there is plenty of _16_ for negotiation.As with everything in Britain，class _17_ is shown in peoples behav

50、iour around charity shops and carboot sales.Some people who have got a good _18_ will be very proud and will _19_ tell their friends.Other people who are _20_ to buy clothes in charity shops，though，might be deeply embarrassed and ashamed.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍英国慈善商店与汽车后备箱销售。1A.lead to Bresult from Caim a