高考英语一轮复习UnitWorkingtheland含解析新人教版必修428.pdf

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1、第-1-页 Unit 2 Working the land 单元知识预览 工程 单词及其词性变化语法填空必备 重点单词 1struggle vt.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力 2output n产量；输出 3hunger n饥饿；欲望hungry adj.饥饿的；有欲望的 4expand vt.&vi.使变大；伸展；阐述expansion n扩大；增加 5circulate vt.&vi.循环；流传circulation n循环流通 6battle n战役；战斗；比赛；斗争 vt.&vi.搏斗；奋斗 7therefore adv.因此；所以；因而 8equip vt.&vi.配备；装备equipm

2、ent n设备(不可数)9export vt.&vi.输出；出口import vt.&vi.输入；入口；进口 10nationality n国籍nation n国家；民族national adj.国家的；国有的 11occupation n工作；职业；占领occupy vt.占领 12confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的confusion n迷惑 13regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊悔regretful adj.懊悔的 14chemical adj.化学的；关于化学的chemistry n化学chemist n

3、化学家；药剂师 第-2-页 15bacteria n(bacterium 的复数形式)细菌 16reduce vt.减少；缩减；简化reduction n缩小；减少 17summary n总结；摘要；概要summarize vt.总结 18comment n评论；议论 vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论 重点短语 1thanks to 幸亏；由于 2rid.of 摆脱；除去 3be satisfied with 对感到满意 4would rather 宁愿；宁可 5build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发 6lead to 导致；造成 7focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于 8keep.fr

4、ee from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物)9make a difference 造成差异，很重要 10keep in mind 牢记在心 11cause damage to 对造成危害 12in addition 再者，还有 13turn to 转向 经典句型 高考书面表1Dr.Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻的稻种。2This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce onethird more of

5、 the crop in the same fields.第-3-页 晨读范文背诵 背诵这篇范文【福建省福州第三中学 2021 届高三模拟考试最后一卷英语试题】李华是一个生活在某个社区的孩子，她感到孩子们的社区生活单调，几乎没有朋友，于是打算向社区负责人黄叔叔提出解决该问题的建议。请你就此事以李华的名义写一篇 100 词左右的邮件。内容包括：1.组织社区里的孩子参加清洁本小区的劳动。2.提供一个固定场所供孩子们课后学习与交流。3.鼓励孩子们参加社区足球俱乐部并安排比赛。注意：1.词数 100 左右；达必备 这种特别的稻种使得同样的田地多收获 1/3 的产量。3Using his hybrid

6、rices,farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。4He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。必备语法高级句型 动词的时态与语态2 第-4-页 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.信的开头及结尾已为你写好。【参考范文】Dear Uncle Huang I am Li Hua,a child living in this community.Most of the children in o

7、ut community feel lonely and bored because we have few friends here.To change this situation,Id like to offer some suggestions First,would you please organize the children to clean up our neighborhood regularly Through this activity,we can know each other and make new friends.Second,I wonder if you

8、could find us a room to do our homework so that we can help and learn from each other.Third,I think its a good idea to encourage children to join the communitys football club and arrange some matches.I hope we can get more involved in our community and our life will be colorful and full of fun.Best

9、wished!Li Hua 语言知识精析 重点单词精讲 第-5-页 考点 1struggle n&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力【教材原句】Indeed，his sunburnt face and arms and his slim，strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers，for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.确实，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞与手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体，就跟千百万中国农民一模一样，过去 50 年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。【例句研读

10、】1With more and more fastfood concepts reaching the market，the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention.随着越来越多的快餐理念进入市场，“Sparrow的菜单不得不为争取注意力而斗争。2We have to struggle_with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.我们必须与来自国内外的各种各样的困难做斗争。3He struggled to his feet and dragged slowly ahead.他挣扎着站起来缓

11、慢地前行。【归纳拓展】struggle with/against 及搏斗/斗争 struggle for sth./to do sth.努力/争取 struggle through 奋力通过 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 struggle on/along(虽困难仍)继续做某事 第-6-页 with a struggle 费力地【即时稳固】(1)They had to _ _ their lives _ weather and wild animals.为了生存他们必须及天气与野兽抗争。(2)They had to _ _ all kinds of difficul

12、ties.他们得与各样的困难作斗争。(3)She _ _ _ _ _ her attacker.她挣扎着想摆脱那个袭击她的人。(4)_ _ _ _，the old woman gained control of her business.经过长期努力，这位老妇人在业务上已能应付自如。【答 案】(1)struggle for against(2)struggle with/against(3)struggled to get away from(4)After a long struggle 考点 2rid vt.摆脱；除去【教材原句】Thanks to his research，the UN

13、has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。【例句研读】(2)The dentist rid_him_of the pain by taking out his bad tooth.牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。(3)Its time we got rid of all these old toys.我们该把这些旧玩具全第-7-页 部丢掉了。【归纳拓展】be/get rid of 去掉，摆脱；抛弃 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事 inform s

14、b.of sth.通知某人某事 be free of.摆脱【即时稳固】(1)One day we will manage to _ _ _ _ this terrible disease.总有一天我们有方法使这种可怕的疾病在世界上绝迹。(2)You must _ _ _ these oldfashioned ideas.你必须摒弃这些陈旧观念。(3)Well have to _ _ _ him.我们必须摆脱他。(4)How can we _ _ _ all the flies in the kitchen 我们怎样才能把厨房内的苍蝇统统消灭掉？【答案】(1)rid the world of(2

15、)rid yourself of(3)get rid of(4)get rid of 考点 3equip vt.&vi.配备；装备【教材原句】He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进展农业研究。第-8-页【例句研读】(1)The boys equipped themselves with torches and rope，and set off.男孩们带上火把与绳索后出发了。(2)His work experience equippe

16、d him to deal with all kinds of people.他的工作经历使他能及各种各样的人打交道。(3)Your education will equip you for your future life.你(所受)的教育将使你能适应今后的生活。【归纳拓展】equipment n.装备；设备 equip sb./sth.with sth.用某物装备某人/物 equip sb./sth.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事而准备 sb.be equipped to do sth.某人有准备做某事 equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事 be equippe

17、d with sth.装备有某物 a piece of equipment 一件设备【即时稳固】(1)Our classroom _ _ _ a TV set and a tape recorder.我们的教室里配有一台电视与一台录音机。(2)A good education should _ _ _ _.良好的教育能使你受用终生。第-9-页(3)Our school has been given _ _ _.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。【答案】(1)is equipped with(2)equip you for life(3)some new equipment 考点 4regret v

18、t.遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊悔【教材原句】His father says that he has never regretted sending his son to study abroad.他父亲说他从来不懊悔送他儿子到国外学习。【例句研读】(1)I have always regretted not having studied hard at school.我一直懊悔在校期间没有努力学习。(2)I regret to inform you that your contract will not be renewed.我很遗憾地通知你，你的合同将不予续签。(3)To my great re

19、gret，we have no much time left to discuss the problem.我感到遗憾的是我们没有多少时间讨论这个问题了。【归纳拓展】refuse with much regret(many regrets)婉言拒绝 to ones regret 令人遗憾的是 feel regretful for.对感到懊悔 express regret for/at/over sth.对表示遗憾 regretn./pron./doing/having done 懊悔做某事 regretthatclause 懊悔，遗憾 第-10-页 regret to say/tell/inf

20、orm.很抱歉地说/告诉/通知 Its much to be regretted that.令人遗憾的是【即时稳固】(1)He regretted _ _ careless.He regretted _ _ _ _ careless.他对于自己的粗心大意感到懊悔。(2)I regret _ _ you that we are unable to offer you employment.我遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。(3)_ _ _ _，I must leave now.令我很遗憾的是，我现在必须离开了。(4)We heard _ _ that you were not successful

21、 in your plan.听到你的方案不能顺利进展，我们觉得很可惜。【答案】(1)having been；that he had been(2)to inform(3)Much to my regret(4)with regret 考点 5reduce vt.减少，缩减【例句研读】(1)Now the costs of a bike have been reduced to 50 dollars.现在一辆自行车的本钱已降低到 50 美元。(2)It is proper that housing prices reduce by 10%.房价降低 10%是适当的。【归纳拓展】第-11-页 re

22、duce ones expenditure 减少某人的开支 be reduced to despair 陷入绝望 reduce to.降至 reduce by.减少了【即时稳固】(1)He persuaded them to _ the price _$1 000.他设法使他们的价格降到 1 000 美元。(2)Production costs have _ _ _ one third.生产本钱下降了 1/3。(3)The fire _ the forest _ a few trees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了。【答案】(1)reduce to(2)been reduced by(3)re

23、duced to 考点 6focus n(兴趣、活动等的)中心；焦点 v(使)集中，聚集；(使)聚焦【归纳拓展】be in focus 焦距对准；清晰 be out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊 bring sth.into focus 把某物集中在焦点上 focus sth.on(upon)sth.fix.on.使集中于 be focused on/upon sth.be fixed on 集中于【即时稳固】第-12-页(1)We should _ _ _ _ our study.我们应该把注意力放在学习上。(2)She felt all the eyes _ _ _ her.她觉得所

24、有人都在注视着她。【答案】(1)focus our attention on(2)were focused on 考点 7comment vt.评论 n评论，意见，议论【例句研读】(1)Have you any comments on the proposals？你对这些建议有什么意见吗？(2)It created wide comment in the press.这引起报界广泛的评论。【归纳拓展】ask for comment 征求意见 make comments on sth.评论某事 No comment.无可奉告。Without comment.不必多说。comment(v.)on/

25、upon sth.评论，对发表意见 comment(v.)thatclause 评论【即时稳固】(1)He made some useful _ _ my work.他对我的作品作了一些实用的评论。(2)He _ that it was an excellent film.第-13-页 他评论这部电影很精彩。【答案】(1)comments on(2)commented 重点短语精讲 考点 1build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发【教材原句】Try and build up his confidence a bit.试试让他增加对自己的信心。【例句研读】(1)Our relationship i

26、s built on trust.我们的关系建立在互相信任的根底上。(2)The new plan will build on the success of the previous programme.这个新方案将以先前那个方案所取得的成功作为根底。(3)I could tell she was building up to some kind of announcement.我看得出她有什么事情准备向大家宣布。【归纳拓展】build up to 为作准备 build on 建立在的根底上【即时稳固】写出以下句子中 build up 的含义(1)Slowly a thick layer of

27、 fat builds up on the pans surface.(2)Exercise will help build up the muscles.(3)They have finally built up a big company.【答案】(1)堆积2逐渐增强3建立 第-14-页 考点 2lead to 导致；造成(后果)；通向 他疾病。【例句研读】1He decided to lead a new life after the unusual experience.这次不平常的经历过后，他决定过一种新的生活。2Our scientists are leading the way

28、in space research.我们的科学家在宇宙探索中处于领先地位。学家不得不想其他解决问题的方法。【归纳拓展】leadn.to sth.引导到 lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事 提示：(1)lead to 中的 to 为介词，后面跟代词、名词或动名词。类似的词组还有：devote to 致力于/pay attention to 对加以注意/object to 反对/stick to 坚持/look forward to 期望，等等。(2)lead to 不用被动语态。(3)lead to 是前因后果，而 lie in(result from)是前果后因。【即时稳固】(1

29、)The bank has offered a reward for any information _ the arrest of the men.银行悬赏任何能将这些人绳之以法的情报。(2)What _ acting as a career？是什么让你开场从事演艺事业的？第-15-页【答案】(1)leading to(2)led you to take up 考点 3focus on/upon 集中注意力于【教材原句】They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免于病害。【例句研读】(1)He

30、 focused his binoculars on the building opposite.他把双筒望远镜对准对面的建筑物。(2)Thank you，your view has brought the matter into_focus谢谢你，你的观点使问题清楚了。【归纳拓展】(1)focus/fix/con focus sth.on sth.调节焦距对准(2)bring/throw sth.into focus 使明朗化；使突出 come into focus(某物)轮廓清晰；(问题)突出【即时稳固】【例句研读】(1)The _my camera isnt working proper

31、ly.我照相机上的调焦装置有毛病。(2)Her beauty makes her_.她长得漂亮，很惹人注意。第-16-页【答案】(1)focus on(2)the focus of attention 考点 4.thanks to 由于；多亏(介词短语，在句中做原因状语，常置于句首或句末)【例句研读】Thanks to Jims warning,we avoided the accident.多亏吉姆的提醒，我们防止了一场事故。【归纳拓展】because of 因为；由于 owing to 由于，因之缘故 as a result of 作为的结果，由于 due to 因为，由于(不能放在句首)

32、on account of 由于；因为【即时稳固】(1)I couldnt attend the meeting _ _ illness.我因病不能出席会议。(2)The delay was _ _ power failure.延滞是由于停电。【答案】(1)owing to(2)due to 考点 5.be satisfied with 对感到满意【例句研读】I was satisfied with the result.我对那个结果很满意。【归纳拓展】第-17-页 be satisfied that.满意 be satisfied to do 乐意干 satisfy vt.满意；使满意 sa

33、tisfied adj.感到满意的 satisfying adj.令人满意的 satisfactory adj.令人满意的 satisfaction n.满意，满足【即时稳固】(1)My parents try to _.我父母尽量满足我的需求。(2)There was _ on his face.他脸上露出了满意的微笑。(3)_，my boss agreed to my suggestion.很使我满意的是，老板同意了我的建议。【答案】(1)satisfy my needs(2)a satisfied look(3)Much to my satisfaction 考点 6.keep.free

34、 from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)使不含(有害物)【例句研读】Keep the table free from dirt by putting a cover over it.用个东西把桌子罩住，免得灰尘落在上面。【归纳拓展】第-18-页 free from 没有，免于，无之忧 free of 无的；免于的，离开了的 free sb./sth.from.使某人/某物自由；解放；释放 for freefree of charge 免费地，无偿地 be free to do sth.自由地做某事 be free with sb.对某人放肆 free as the air 自由自在 set s

35、b.free 释放某人【即时稳固】(1)The lake _ pollution.这湖没有污染。(2)The secretary _ all blame for the errors.这些失误完全不能怪秘书。(3)Try to _ all prejudices.尽量消除一切偏见。【答案】(1)is free of(2)was free from(3)free yourself from 经典句型剖析 考点 1 省略句【教材原句】If_so，what did you do to grow them？如果是这样的话，你怎么来种植这些植物？【句法分析】if so“如果这样的话，是 if 引导的条件状

36、语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否认意义，那么用 if not。第-19-页【拓展归纳】if ever 如果有过/发生过的话 if any 如果有的话 if possible 如果有可能 if necessary如果有必要【例句研读】(1)If possible，try and go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉与起床。(2)If not，in a few years time the very things that attract tourists now may well hav

37、e been destroyed.如果不这样做的话，在几年之后，现在吸引游客的事物可能已经被破坏了。【即时稳固】_，Ill go there myself.如果必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。【答案】If necessary 考点 2 would rather 意为“宁愿，更愿意【教材原句】He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。【句法分析】(1)would rather 意为“宁愿，更愿意，后接动词原形，否认式是在 would rather 后加 not/never。Shall we dine out 第-20

38、-页 Id rather stay at home.我们要不要出去吃饭？我宁愿留在家里。Id rather not tell anybody about it.我不愿把这事告诉任何人。(2)would rather do sth.than do sth./would do sth.rather than do sth.意为“宁愿做某事而不去做某事。I would rather listen to others than talk myself.我愿意听别人说，自己不愿意说。He would rather die than give in.他宁死不屈。(3)would rather have d

39、one sth.意为“要是做过某事就好了；宁愿做过某事，表示懊悔或遗憾等语气。I would rather have taken his advice yesterday.我昨日要是听了他的建议就好了。(4)would rather 后接 that 从句时，从句中的谓语动词用过去时态虚拟语气。I would rather(that)he didnt come.我宁愿他没来。Id rather you told me the truth.我更愿意你给我讲实话。【即时稳固】(1)Would you mind my using your computer for a little while 第-2

40、1-页 _.ANo,please dont BId rather you didnt CIm afraid not DSure,its my pleasure【答案】B (2)I would rather _ the football match last night with my friends;otherwise,I would have finished my paperwork by now.Anot have watched Bnot watch Chadnt watched Dhavent watched【答案】A【解析】考察 would rather(not)have done

41、 意为“宁愿(未)做过某事，表示懊悔或遗憾。考点 3 What 的用法【教材原句】Dr Yuan Longping grows what_is_called_super_hybrid_rice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻的稻种。【句法分析】what is called super hybrid rice 用做 grows 的宾语从句，为一名词性从句，也可称为 whatclause；而且 what 在从句中可用做主语、宾语或者表语。此从句在构造上相当于“the名词定语从句。【例句研读】(1)。(2)We now live in what is called the Informati

42、on Age.第-22-页 我们现在生活在所谓的信息时代。(3)He graduated from what was called a key high school.他毕业于一所所谓的重点高中。【即时稳固】(1)Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home.Awhat Bthat Cwhich Done【答案】A (2)A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dwhere【答案】A【解析】该句意为：一座现代化的城市在十年前是一片废墟的地方建立起来。