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1、 初中英语语法冠词专项练习 初中英语语法冠词专项练习 一.概念 冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类.二.相关知识点精讲 不定冠词:1.a 用于辅音发音开头的词前,如:a book;an 用于元音发音开头的词前,如:an apple,an hour.请区别:a useful machine,an umbrella,a“u,an“h。1.a/an 用于单数可数名词前。a book a boy a man a bird a dog an hour an interesting book a big dog a dangerous aminal 【练
2、习】判断正误:a story()a bread()a paper()a bag()a pretty woman()a school()a useful book()2.表示类别:这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类,或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一 个或一件,或者指某一种类的人或物,但不具体说明是何人或何物。例如:That is a pen,not a pencil.那是钢笔而不是铅笔。(指属于某一种类)Give him a pear,please!请给他一个梨。(指某一种类中的任何一个)Listen!A boy is singing in the classroom.3.和 one 的区别:a
3、/an 表示类别 种类 One 强调数量 a bus(表示是一辆公交车 而不是一辆小汽车 也不是火车)one bus(强调是一辆车 而不是两辆或三辆)There is a cat under the chair.椅子下面有一只猫。(强调种类)There is one cat under the chair.椅子下边有一只猫。(强调数量)4.表示根本单位,作“每一讲。例如:three times a day,10 yuan a kilo six class a day thirty miles an hour 等。定冠词:一:the 表示特指。表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个,以别于同
4、类中其他 brother.3).指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如:Lets go and give it to the teacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。Open the door,please!请翻开门。4).用于某些固定词组中。例如:in the morning/afternoon/evening 等。5).用在形容词前表示一类人。the old 老人 the young 年轻人 the rich 富裕的人 the poor_ the deaf _ the blind_ 6).用在表示“姓的复数名词前,表示一家人或夫妇二人。例如:The Whites are spending their
5、 holiday in England.The Greens came to China two years ago.7).用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Place 颐和园 the United States 美 国 the October Revolution 十月革命 the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army 中国人民解放军 the Long March 长征 8).用在序数词或形容词最高级前 The first thing I want to say is to listen carefu
6、lly in class.He is the tallest one in our class.9).世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮、地球、天空、宇宙)the globe 太阳系 the universe 宇宙 the atmosphere 大气层 The sun rises in the east.The earth goes round the sun.10).在世纪,年代名词前用冠词。in the 1980s 或 in the 1980s 20 世纪 80 年代 in the nineteenth century 二十世纪 11).在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用 the
7、。the Changjang River 长江 the West Lake 西湖 the Pacific Ocean 太 平洋 12).在介词短语中常用定冠词 the,如:in the box,behind the chair。13).不能用定冠词 the 的几个方面:(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如:in summer,in August 请区别:in the spring of 1945.(这里表示特指,故加 the)(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如:have breakfast,play football (3)一些固定词组中,如:go to bed,go to
8、 school,by bus,at night.14).在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同,请注意区别:in front of 在前面,in the front of 在范围内的前部 in hospital(生病)住院,in the hospital 在医院里。零冠词:一:所谓零冠词,即指不使用冠词的情况:二:用法:1)在物质名词,抽象名词前不用冠词 The desk is made of wood.What is work?Work is struggle 2)国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England,China Mary Lilei Mr.Green 3).在星期、月份,季节等名词前;
9、Sunday March summer winter 4)名词前有物主代词,指示代词,不定代词,名词所有格修饰时(this,my,that,those,these,her)如:this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等 5)在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如:have breakfast play chess play basketball (注意 在乐器前必须加定冠词 如弹钢琴play the piano play the violin)6)当 by 与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;by bus by train by c
10、ar by air by bike by plane (注意 如果用介词 on 表示乘坐交通工具 必须用 a 或 an 来表示 如 in a bus on a bike 等)7)有些个体名词不用冠词;如:school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court 等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义;go to hospital 去医院看病 go to the hospital 去医院(并不是去看病,而是有其他目的)练习:1 ()1 Han Meimei is _ Chinese girl.Lucy
11、 is _ English girl.A.a;a B.an;an C.a;an D.an;a ()2 A little boy wrote_ U and_ n on the wall.A.a;an B.an;a C.an;an D.a;a ()3 _ old lady in brown is_ university professor.A.An;a B.An;/C.The;an D.The;a ()4 There are sixty minutes in_hour.A.an B.the C.a D./()5 This is _ interesting book and it is also _
12、 useful one.A.an;an B.an;the C.an;a D.a;a ()6 A computer is _useful tool in _ world today.A.an;the B.a;the C.the;the D.a;a 2 ()1 We have never seen _ interesting film.A.such B.such an C.so D.such a ()2 Mrs Smith is _ friend of _ A.the;mine B.a;me C.the;my D.a;mine ()3 He is_boy.A.a seven-years-old B
13、.an eight-year-old C.the seven-year-old D.an eight-year-older ()4 Fancy saw_ accident in the street yesterday.A.the B.a C.an D./()5 Now he is _ artist.1 have known him since he was _ one-year-old boy.A.a;an B.a;a C.an;an D.an;a 3 ()1.Which is bigger _ elephant or _ horse?A.a;the B.an;a C.the;an D.an
14、;the ()2 _monkey can climb_trees.A./;the B.A;/C.The;a D./;/()3 _ rains are faster than _ buses.A./;/B.The;/C./;the D.The;a ()4-Have you learned German?-Yes.Its _ language Ive ever learned.A.a quite difficult B:quite a difficult C.difficult quite D.difficult a quite ()5 Some animals,like _ cat,_ dog
15、or _ wolf,do not need to hibernate(冬眠).A./;/;the B.the;the;the C.a;/;the,D.the;/;/冠词 1.Mr Wang has worked as _ English teacher for more than 10 years.A./B.a C.an D.the 答案:C 【解析】考查冠词。修饰 English teacher,排除 B。句意:作为一位英语老师,应选 C。2、.-How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?-It takes us ho
16、ur or more to go to my hometown by train.A.an;a B.a;an C.an;/D.a;/【答案】C 【解析】冠词的考察 hour 第一个字母 h 不发音,所以一小时应用 an hour;by 介词,当交通工具前无修饰词时,用介词 by 且名词前不用冠词。3、.What useful book it is!Yeah,it tells you how to play guitar.A.an;the B.a;a C.a;the D.an;a 答案:C 【解析】此题考查的是冠词的用法。a 用在以辅音指辅音音素开头的词前,an 用在以元音指元音音素的词前。th
17、e 表示特指。此题意思是,-这本书真有用。-是的,它告诉你怎么谈吉他。useful 和 guitar是以辅音音素开头,故此题选 C。4、.Susan joined an art club at age of six and paints well.A.the B.an C.a 答案:A 【解析】冠词用法。at the age of 为固定搭配,意为“在岁时,应选 A。5、My uncle is _ engineer.He works very hard.A.the B.a C.an 答案:C 【解析】考查冠词。表示“一个,一位用 a/an.此题 engineer 以元音音素开头,前用 an.6
18、、.A horse is _ useful animal.A.a B.an C.the D./答案:A 【解析】A 考查冠词用法 根据句意:马是有用的动物。a 用在辅音元素前,an 用在元音元素前,the 用在特指事物前。应选 A.7、We usually go to _ school on weekdays,and sometimes go to_ cinema at weekends.A.不填;the B.the;the C.the;不填 D.不填;不填 答案:A 【解析】冠词用法。Go to school 固定用法,go to a/the cinema 也是固定用法,a/the cine
19、ma 表示一类事物。8.、_ are planning to go on vacation.A.Blacks B.A Blacks C.The Blacks D.The Blacks 【答案】D 【解析】冠词的考察 the 加姓的复数形式表示“一家人 9、Mrs Smith has _ son and a daughter.A.a B.an C.the 答案 B 【解析】考查冠词的用法。根据句子的 a daughter,可知泛指一个儿子和一个女儿,son 的开头字母的因素是辅音,要用 a,应选 B。10、Her daughter began to pla y _ piano when she
20、was fi ve.Now shes very good at it.A.an B.a C.the D./答案 C 【解析】考查冠词的使用。演奏乐器要冠词 the。11、.She learned to play piano all by herself.A.a B.an C.the D.不填 【答案】C 【解析】考查冠词用法,乐器前要加定冠词 the。12、.What do you want to be in the future,Nick?I want to be _ pilot.It is_ exciting job.A、a;a B.a;an C.the;an D,a;the 答案:B。考
21、查冠词。“a+单数名词泛指人或物的类别。答句句意:我想做一位飞行员,那是一种令人冲动的工作。易错提示:job 与 pilot 不是同一物,不要误以为后面是第二次提到而用 the。13、There is _big supermarket in _center of our city.A、a;the B.the;a C.the;the 答案:A 【解析】考查冠词。对于可数名词,第一次提到用 a 或 an,big 的第一个音素是辅音音素,用 a;in the centre of-是固定搭配。14、Beijing,_ capital of China,has _ long history.A.a;a
22、B.the;不填 C.the;a D.不填;the 答案 C 【解析】考查冠词的用法。The 表特指,the capital of China 意为“中国的首都;has a long history 意为“有一段悠久的历史。15、Lets have _ break;I want to make_ telephone call.A.a;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;the 答案:A 【解析】此题考查固定短语的构成。have a break 是固定搭配,意为“休息一下;make a telephone call 也是固定搭配,意为“打电话。应选 A。16、.Cindy,do yo
23、u have _e-mail address?I want to send you some photos.Yes,I do.Its cindy26 .A.a B.an C.the 答案:B 【解析】e-mail 是以元音音素开头的单词,其前应用不定冠词 an。应选 B。17、It is _ popular way among the young people to chat on the Internet now.A.a B.an C.the 答案 A 【解析】冠词的考查。Popular 是以辅音开始的单词,一种流行的方式应用冠词 a.18、.Do you know _ girl who i
24、s standing under _ tree?Of course!She is Lucy,my classmates.A.the,the B.a,a C.a,/D./,the 答案:A 【解析】冠词用法。the 用于特指某人物,本句意思就是指树下站着的这个女孩,girl,tree 都是特指,应选择 A。19、There is _ pencil on the desk.A、an B.a C.the D./【答案】B 【解析】冠词的考察“桌子上有一支铅笔,表示泛指,pencil 第一个因素是辅音音素,故用不定冠词a.20、I often go to school _.A.by bus B.by
25、a bus C.by the bus 答案:A 【解析】考查固定短语。乘坐公共汽车是 by bus,没冠词。21、.Sam wants to be _ actor.A.a B.the C.an 答案:C 【解析】考查冠词用法 不定冠词数量有“一的意思,actor 开头读音是原音,所以不用 a 而用 an。22、Why do you like Jack?Because he is honest boy.A.a B.an C.the 答案:B 【解析】冠词的考查.honest 是以元音开始的单词,应够用冠词 an.23、I dont know the city.Where can I find g
26、ood restaurant?.A.a B.an C.the D.(不填)答案:A 【解析】冠词的用法。第一次提到的事物一般用不定冠词 a 或 an,第二次提到或特指的一般用定冠词 the,从本句的表达可知,是第一次提到,故答案为 A。24、Learning_ countrys language is a better way knowing _culture behind it.A.the;a B.a;the C./;the D.a;/答案:B 25、John can play _ guitar,but he cant play _ chess.A.the;/B./;the C.the;th
27、e 答案:A 解析:考查冠词的用法。表示“弹奏乐器使用定冠词 the,表示“下棋不使用冠词,应选 A 项。26、lily is coming by_ plane tomorrow.Let s go to _ airport to meet her.A.a;a B./;a C.the;the D./;the 答案:D 【解析】考查点:冠词的用法。解题思路:by+交通工具,中间没有任何冠词,定冠词 the 用在名词前表特指,不定冠词用在名词前表一类,a 用于辅音音素开头的词前。根据句意:“丽丽明天乘飞机来。让我们去机场见她吧。此处表示特指。应选 D。27、What _ exciting sport
28、s show!Yeah,I love this game.A.a B.the C.an 答案:C 【解析】考查冠词的用法。exciting 是元音音素开始的单词,所以用 an。28、.Miss Liu wants to lose weight.She just has _ cup of milk for _ breakfast every day.A.a;the B.a;(不填)C.the;a D.the;(不填)答案:B “一杯牛奶是 a cup of milk,用 a 表示数量“一;一日三餐名词前常常不用冠 词,因此答案为 B。29、._ lion is a dangerous anima
29、l.Dont you think so?A.A B.An C.The 答案:C 30、.There is big supermarket in center of our city.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the 答案:A 31、Li Na plays _ tennis very well.She has become _first Asian woman to reach a Grand Slam(大满贯)final.A.a,the B./,the C.the,a D./,a 答案:B 该题考查了冠词的用法,第一个空考查了零冠词的用法,球类名词前不用冠词;第二个空考查了定
30、冠词 the 的一种用法,用在序数词、形容词最高级前,表特指。32、.Meimeis father is teacher in a school.A./B.an C.a D.the 答案:C 33、.On April 12,1961,_27yearold Yuri Gagarin(尤里.加加林)became the first human to go into_ space.A.the;不填 B.the;the C.a;不填 D.a;the 答案 A 【解析】冠词用法。由句意:在 1961 年 4 月 12 号,27 岁的尤里.加加林成为进入太空的第一人。第一个空属于特指,应该用 the,而
31、space 作“太空时一般不用冠词。应选 A。34、.-How was _ dinner at Mikes house?-It was great.Mikes mum is _ wonderful cook.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;an 答案:B 【解析】选 B。考查冠词的用法。定冠词 the 用在名词前表特指,不定冠词用在名词前表 一类。问句是指麦克家的晚餐,故是特指;答语是说麦克的妈妈是一个极好的厨师,是泛指。a 用于辅音音素开头的词前,应选 B。35、Did you get there by _ bike?No,I took _ taxi.A.a;a
32、B.不填;a C.the;the D.a;the 答案:B 【解析】冠词的用法。by 直接加交通工具表示方式,take a taxi 是固定词组。36 What does Michael look like?He has big eyes and _ wide mouth.A.a B.an C.the 答案:A 【解析】考查不定冠词的辨析。mouth 为可数名词,被形容词 wide 修饰;而 wide 又是以辅音字母开头。句意:他有大大的眼睛和一张大嘴。应选 A。37、.Which of the following phonetic transcription(音标)is right for
33、the phrase“the egg?eg/dieg/D./eg/C./i A./eg/B./i 答案:B 【解析】定冠词的用法。定冠词 the 在元音因素前发而不发。是元音,应选 B。38、My mother is _English teacher in No.2 Middle School.A.a B.the C.an D,/答案:C 【解析】考查冠词的用法。a 用于辅音之前,an 用于元音之前;由句意“我的母亲是一位第二中学的英语教师及单词 English 的第一因素是元音,可判定用 an。应选 C。39、Look!There is _ cat in the tree.A.a B.an
34、C.the D./答案 A 【解析】考查冠词的用法。cat 为可数名词,且以辅音开头。句意:看!树上有一只猫。应选 A。40、I like music,but I dont like _ music of this film.A.a B.an C.the D.不填 答案:C 【解析】:冠词用法。不定冠词 A 和 an 表泛指。定冠词 The 表特指。由句意“我喜欢音乐,但我不喜欢这部电影的音乐。应选 C。41、By the end of this year,Chinas state and provincial(省的)libraries will be free to the public.T
35、hats _ good news for those who often go to these places.A.a B.the C.不填 答案:C 【解析】冠词的用法。答语中 news 是一个不可数名词,故前面既不能用 a 也不能用 an,定冠词 the 一般用于第二次提到的某个事物。42、.What are you going to be when you grow up?teacher like you.A.A B.An C.The D./答案:A 【解析】冠词的用法。a 修饰以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词;an 修饰以元音音素开始的单数可数名词。the 表特指。句意为“你长大了打算干什
36、么?“像你一样做一位老师。应选 A。43、.On March 11,2022 _ earthquake hit Japan.A.an B.a C.D.the 答案:A 【解析】考查冠词的用法。a 用于辅音之前,an 用于元音之前;由句意“一场地震在 2022 年 3 月 11 日袭 击了日本及单词 earthquake 的第一因素是元音,可判定用 an。应选 A。44、.Theres _ apple on the table._ apple is for my little brother.A.a;An B.an;An C.the;An D.an;The 答案:D 【解析】冠词的用法。泛指用不
37、定冠词,apple 是元音音素开头的用 an;再次提到上文的人或物用定冠词 the.45、The evening party was really fun.We had _ great time.A.a B.an C.the D不填 答案:A 【解析】固定搭配。have a great time 意为“玩的开心。46、Photography can be _excellent hobby for kids.A./B.a C.an D.the 答案:C 【解析】不定冠词的用法。不定冠词 an 用于元音前,表示“数量有一的意思,句意为“对孩子们来说一个很好的爱好。47、What do you us
38、ually have for _ breakfast,Peter?A friend egg,three pieces of bread and a glass of milk.A.a B.an C.the D./答案:D 解析:考查冠词的用法。三餐前不用冠词,应选 D 项。48、.There is _report in todays newspaper.Its about _sports meeting that will be held in Weihai.A.a;the B.an;the C.the;the D.a;a 答案:A 【解析】冠词的用法。report 为可数名词单数,这里表示“
39、一;这里的 sports meeting 是特指“在威海举行的体育运动会,故用 the。49、.Whos that lovely girl?You mean _ girl with long hair?Thats Kate.A.a B.an C.the D.不填 答案:C 【解析】冠词的用法。此处 girl 之后有后置定语 with long hair,是特指“长头发的那个女孩,因此用 the。50、My birthday is coming.Dale will send me _ e-dog as my birthday present.A.a B.an C.the 答案:B 【解析】冠词用
40、法。泛指用不定冠词,e-dog 是元音音素开头,所以用 an。应选 B。51、.Lily is _ active girl and she is fond of playing _ volleyball.A.an;a B.a;the C.an;/D.a;/【答案】C 解析:考查冠词的用法。active 是以元音音素开头故用 an;球类前 不用冠词。应选 C。52、Lady Gaga is _very popular singer.She has lots of fans.A.a B.an C.the D./答案:A 【解析】不定冠词的用法。a/an 后接单数可数名词,强调数量“一,一个。应选
41、A.53、I am going to make _special house for my pet pig this weekend.A.an B.a C.the 答案:B 【解析】冠词的用法。本句句意为本周末我打算为我的宠物狗做一个特别的房子。一个特别的房子为a special house,此处为不定冠词,而 special 的开始是辅音音素,因此此题答案为 B。54、Have you seen_ pen?I left one here this morning.Is it_ black one?I think I saw it somewhere.A.the;the B.a;a C.the
42、;a D.a;the 答案:B【解析】考查冠词用法。两个空缺处均是泛指,且都是以辅音因素开头的单词,故答案选 B。55、.Lucy is_ good girl.She often helps others.A.a B.an C.the D./答案:A 【解析】冠词的用法不定冠词表示泛指,指一类,a 用在用于辅音音素开头的词前,an 用于元音音素开头的词前,定冠词 the 用在名词前表特指。g 的音标是/g/,故用冠词 a。56、Justin Bieber is _Canadian singer and he has lots of fans.A.a B.an C.the D.不填 答案:A 【
43、解析】冠词的用法。Justin Bieber 是一个音乐家,是泛指且 Canadian 的第一个音是辅音,因此用 a。57、-Do you know _ man in blue?-Yes,hes a professor of_ university.A.the,a B.a,an C.the,an D./,the 答案:A 【解析】考查点:冠词的用法。定冠词 the 表示特指,此处特指穿蓝衣服的那个人;第一次提到某物要用a/an,university 是辅音音素开头的,故“一个大学要说 a university,an 要放在以元音音素开头的单词前。应选 A。58、.Theres _ ball o
44、n the ground.Would you please pass _ ball to me?With pleasure.A.the;the B.the;a C.a;a D.a;the 答案:D 【解析】考查冠词。对于可数名词,第一次提到用 a 或 an,第二次提到用 the。59、.Ge You is _ interesting actor.He has lots of fans.A.a B.不填 C.an 答案:C 【解析】冠词用法。interesting 是元音音素开头的单词。根据句意:葛优是一位有趣的演员。得出答案 an.60、Its not _ good idea to drive
45、 for four hours without _ break.A.a;a B.a:the C.the;a D.the;the 答案:A 【解析】选 A。考查冠词的用法。不定冠词用在名词前表泛指一类。定冠词 the 用在名词前表特指,前一个空表示泛指“一个好主意;without a breakfast 是固定搭配“不停顿的。61、As we know,England is _European country and Singapore is _Asian country.A.an;an B.an;a C.a;a D.a;an 答案:D 【解析】冠词的用法。European 首字母发音为/j/,
46、Asian 首字母发音为/e/,应选 D。62、.-Whos _ boy in red,do you know?-Oh.Hes _ friend of Tom.A.the,a B.an,the C.a,the D.the,an 答案:A 【解析】冠词用法。特指用 the,指穿红色衣服的男孩;汤姆的一位朋友,用 a。应选 A。63、.Look at _ skirt.I bought it for Mother on Mothers Day,isnt it nice?Oh,what _ nice present!A.a;a B.a;the C.the;a D.a;不填 答案:C 【解析】冠词的用法
47、。特指这条裙子用冠词 the;感慨句中只能用不定冠词不能用定冠词。64、I really like _ book you lent me yesterday.A.a B.an C.the D.不填 答案:C 【解析】此题考查定冠词 the 的用法。the 在本句中表特指。应选 C。65、.Fred plays _ piano after _ supper every day.A.the;the B./;the C.the;/答案:C 【解析】此题考查定冠词 the 的用法。但凡乐器前都要加,音乐 music 前面也加,如:play the music .但三餐及球类前面不能加 the.应选 C
48、。66、.Can I help you,sir?-Id like to have 100 _.I want my students to draw pictures.A.piece of paper B.pieces of paper C.pieces of papers 答案:B 【解析】此题考查不可数名词的运用.paper 是不可数名词,它没有复数形式,假设表示数量,一般用 a piece of 短语表示,它的复数形式应表达在 piece 上。paper 是不可数名词,故排除 C;答句意“我想要 100 张纸。100 张纸中,量词 piece 应用复数形式,故排除 A。正确答案是:B。67
49、、.This novel can make you laugh and cry at _ same time.A)a B)an C)the D)/答案:D 【解析】考查点:冠词的用法。解题思路:此处是考查固定短语 at the same time 意为“同时,该句意为“这本小说能同时让你笑和哭,故答案选 D;68、We will see _ even stronger China in _ near future.A.a;the B.an;the C.the;a D.an;a 答案:B 【解析】in the near future“在不久的将来是个固定搭配;even 是以元音因素开头的词,故答案选 B。69、We should often help _poor.A.a B.不填 C.the 答案:C 【解析】形容词前面加上 the,表示这一类人,句意是“我们应该经常帮助穷人,应选 C。70、.I usually go to school on _foot.A a B.the C./答案:C 【解析】冠词的用法。固定短语 on foot“步行,on 与 foot 之间没有冠词,故答案为 C。71、Yao Ming,NBA star,will continue matches this season.
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