初高中英语衔接英语句子复习精品课件.ppt
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1、初高中英语衔接英语句子复习精品课件初高中英语衔接英语句子复习精品课件 基本成份基本成份 附属成附属成份份 独立成独立成份份 省略成省略成份份 连接成连接成份份 简单句简单句 并列句并列句 复合句复合句 练练 习习 主语主语 不及物动词不及物动词 (S+Vi)主语主语 及物动词及物动词 宾语宾语(S+Vt+O)主语主语 系动词系动词 表表(S+LV+predicative)主语双宾动词主语双宾动词+间宾间宾+直宾直宾(S+Vt+O.indir+O.dir)主语主语 宾补动词宾补动词 宾语宾语 宾语补语宾语补语 (S+Vt.+O+O.compl)There+be/stand/lie/live.简单
2、句的五种基本句型简单句的五种基本句型主语、动词(不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成份基本句子成份。完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成份,至多4个。nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing V-edetc.主语谓语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)VtV-lViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitivebe/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/lie become/get/grow/turn
3、go/come/remain/keeptaste/smell etc.nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.主语主语 不及物动词不及物动词She came/My head aches.主语主语 及物动词及物动词 宾语宾语She likes English.主语主语 系动词系动词 主语补语主语补语She is happy主语主语 双宾动词双宾动词 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语She gave John a bookShe bought a book for me.主语主语 宾补动词宾补动词 宾语宾语 宾语补语宾语补语She ma
4、kes her mother angryThe teacher asked me to read the passage.There+beThere lies a book on the desk.简单句基本句型实例简单句基本句型实例附属成份附属成份基本成份的修饰语。可以是:基本成份的修饰语。可以是:定语:即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句定语:即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句 状语:即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、状语:即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。短语或从句。定定 语语Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearbyShe like
5、s oranges imported from the USA.John gave Mary many books,which are full of illustrationsHave you seen the book on the desk?The boy playing over there is my brother.People there like sports.John often came to chat with meJohn likes oranges very muchWhenever he gets drunk,John makes Mary very angryHe
6、aring the news,he jumped with joy.As he was ill,he didnt come to class yesterday.She is sitting at the desk,doing her homework.My father worked in this school ten years ago.Youd better stay here.状状 语语Examples:Oh!What is that!(!(惊叹词)惊叹词)He has,alas,failed againCome here,John(呼语)呼语)Roll on,Ocean,roll
7、on句中可以去掉的成份,去掉后不影响句子的完整性。句中可以去掉的成份,去掉后不影响句子的完整性。这种成份和句子的其他词没有语法的关系。这种成份和句子的其他词没有语法的关系。独立成份独立成份(You)Come here(I wish you)Good luck!Some gave him praises,but others(gave him)rotten eggsHe runs as fast as,if (he does)not(run)faster,than you.(I)Hope you like it.John should clean the room today and Peter
8、(should clean it)tomorrow.句中被省略的成份,虽然未说出来,却在句中表示句中被省略的成份,虽然未说出来,却在句中表示一定的意思:一定的意思:省略成份省略成份连接成份实际上是一个连词,用来连接两个或几个平行的连接成份实际上是一个连词,用来连接两个或几个平行的词、短语和分句。这种连词叫做词、短语和分句。这种连词叫做并列连词并列连词。另一类连接成份是用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于另一类连接成份是用来连接两个句子、且一个句子从属于另一个句子(即从句)的连词。这类连词叫另一个句子(即从句)的连词。这类连词叫从属连词从属连词。从。从属连词主要用于引导各种从句。属连词主要用于引导
9、各种从句。一个完整的句子(主句或从句)必须包含一个完整的句子(主句或从句)必须包含2个到个到4个基本成个基本成分,此外,如果意思上有需要,还可包含一个或更多其他分,此外,如果意思上有需要,还可包含一个或更多其他的句子成份。的句子成份。连接成份连接成份简单句只有一个限定动词(即只有一个主谓结简单句只有一个限定动词(即只有一个主谓结构),它是最小的句子单位。主要起下列四种构),它是最小的句子单位。主要起下列四种作用中的一种。作用中的一种。作一种陈述作一种陈述 提出一个问题提出一个问题 发出一种命令或请求发出一种命令或请求 表示一种感叹表示一种感叹Examples:The boy hit the d
10、og./The dog bit the boy.The girl read the books./The books pleased the girl.Stephen apologized at once.Does the shop close at 7 tonight?Shut the door.What a slow train this is!简单句的基本词序简单句的基本词序主语主语动词部分动词部分宾语宾语 状语状语(谓语)(谓语)方式方式 地点地点 时间时间Iboughta hat yesterday.The children ran home.The taxi driver shou
11、ted at me angrily.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.A young girl walked confidently in the room.They drove him away in a police car.简单句的扩展成份简单句的扩展成份简单句的主语、宾语可以加上一个短语(如定语)来扩展,简单句的主语、宾语可以加上一个短语(如定语)来扩展,及物动词或不及物动词也可以与其它短语(如状语)连用及物动词或不及物动词也可以与其它短语(如状语)连用进行扩展。进行扩展。I bought a rain coat w
12、ith a warm lining.The dog jumped through the window.He is saving up to buy a mobile phone.A bright little boy with rosy cheeks put three bottles of milk quietly on my doorstep before seven oclock.He worked like a madman in the garden on Saturday.The young girl with long black hair seems to be very h
13、appy.两个简单句的主语可以用两个简单句的主语可以用and、but、both.and、eitheror、neithernor、not onlybut also等连词连接组成一个简单等连词连接组成一个简单句,但应注意主语和谓语动词的一致性。句,但应注意主语和谓语动词的一致性。The boss is flying to Paris.His secretary is flying to Paris.The boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.Both the boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.Th
14、e boss is flying to Rome.His secretary is not flying to Rome.The boss but not his secretary is flying to Rome.The boss may be flying to Berlin.His secretary may be flying to Berlin.Either the boss or his secretary is flying to Berlin.The boss is not flying to York.His secretary isnt flying to York.N
15、either the boss nor his secretary is flying to York.主主语语、谓谓语语、宾宾语语的的合合并并两个简单句的宾语可由两个简单句的宾语可由and、bothand等连词连接组成等连词连接组成一个简单句。一个简单句。I met Jane.I met her husband.I met Jane and her husband.I met both Jane and her husband.It was cold.It was wet.It was cold and wet.I didnt meet Jane.I didnt meet her husba
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