高考作文得分策略2.ppt

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1、 Welcome to our Class!Welcome to our Class!2013.10.25句子合并的语法精彩句子合并的语法精彩 以上两个简单句，我们怎样才能合并成一个高级以上两个简单句，我们怎样才能合并成一个高级的句子呢？的句子呢？最重要的是，我们要理解句子间的逻辑关系，最重要的是，我们要理解句子间的逻辑关系，然后用并列句和复合句表达出来。然后用并列句和复合句表达出来。请看下面两个简单句：请看下面两个简单句：1.他考试不及格。他考试不及格。He didnt pass the exam.(主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语)He failed in the exam.(主语主语+谓语谓

2、语+状语）状语）2.他的家人很失望。他的家人很失望。His family were disappointed.（主语（主语+系动词系动词+表表语）语）最重要的是，我们要理解句子间的最重要的是，我们要理解句子间的逻辑关系，然后用并列句和复合句逻辑关系，然后用并列句和复合句表达出来。表达出来。1.As/Because he hadnt passed the exam,his family were disappointed.2.He didnt pass the exam,so his family were disappointed.3.That his family were disappoi

3、nted was because he hadnt passed the exam.4.The reason why his family were disappointed was that he hadnt passed the exam.5.That he hadnt passed the exam made his family disappointed.6.It made his family disappointed that he hadnt passed the exam.7.It was that he hadnt passed the exam that made his

4、family disappointed.8.He didnt pass the exam,and it made his family disappointed.9.He didnt pass the exam,which made his family disappointed.10.After his family learned that he hadnt passed the exam,they were disappointed.11.His family were disappointed at the news that he hadnt passed the exam.当然，合

5、并简单句不一定非要用并当然，合并简单句不一定非要用并列句和复合句。我们也可以用含非列句和复合句。我们也可以用含非谓语的动词的句子来表达。我们应谓语的动词的句子来表达。我们应该知道，状语从句、定语从句、名该知道，状语从句、定语从句、名词性从句都可以相应的转换成介词词性从句都可以相应的转换成介词短语或非谓语动词短语做状语、定短语或非谓语动词短语做状语、定语、主语、宾语和表语。这样，我语、主语、宾语和表语。这样，我们就可以将复合句转换成高级的简们就可以将复合句转换成高级的简单句。单句。Not having passed the exam,he made his family family disap

6、pointed.因为他考试不及格，所以因为他考试不及格，所以他的家人很失望。他的家人很失望。1.As/Because he hadnt passed the exam,his family were disappointed.With him not passing the exam,his family were disappointedBecause of his not passing the exam,his family were disappointed.His family were disappointedto learn that he hadnt passed the ex

7、am.The reason why his family weredisappointed was that he hadnt passed the exam.(含定语从句及表含定语从句及表语从句的复合句语从句的复合句)The reason for his familys being disappointed was his not passing the exam.His not having passed the exam made his familydisappointed.For the reason,his not passing the exam,his family were

8、disappointedHe didnt pass the exam,which made his family disappointed.He didnt pass the exam,making his family disappointed.Not having passed the exam,he made his family family disappointed.After his family learned that he hadnt passed the exam,they were disappointed.After learning that he hadnt pas

9、sed the exam,his family were disappointed.Having learned that he hadnt passed the exam,his family were disappointed.即时练习。根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。1.他很忙，他没来。他很忙，他没来。1）_ he was busy,he didnt come.2）_(be)busy,he didnt come.3)It was because he was busy _ he didnt come.4)He was busy,_ he didnt come.5)He didnt come

10、_ he was busy.6)_ he didnt come was because he was busy.7)His not _(come)was because he was busy.8)The reason why he didnt come was _ he was busy.9)_ he was busy made him unable to come.10)_(he)being busy made him unable to come.11)He was busy,and _ made him unable to come.12)He was busy,_ made him

11、unable to come.13)He was busy,_(make)him unable to come.2.杰克出生在英国，他在美国长大。杰克出生在英国，他在美国长大。1）Jack was born in the UK,_ he grew up in the US.2)_ he was born in the UK,Jack grew up in the US.3)_(bear)in the UK,Jack grew up in the US.4)Jack,_ was born in the UK,grew up in the US.5)Jack,_(bear)in the UK,gr

12、ew up in the US.写作的基本能力是写作的基本能力是“信息句子化信息句子化”，在简单，在简单句句的基础上运用语法知识合并句子，体现句子的基础上运用语法知识合并句子，体现句子的多样化，增添语言色彩，从而使写作获高的多样化，增添语言色彩，从而使写作获高分。分。请看下面一篇基础写作请看下面一篇基础写作 学校英语论坛针对目前城市交通拥堵、污染严学校英语论坛针对目前城市交通拥堵、污染严重的问题进行了重的问题进行了“治堵方案大家谈治堵方案大家谈”的讨论。以下的讨论。以下是讨论概要：是讨论概要：治堵方案治堵方案1.少开私家车；多人共乘一辆小车。少开私家车；多人共乘一辆小车。2.政府完善公共交通以

13、方便市民。政府完善公共交通以方便市民。3.修建绿道（修建绿道（green lanes）,鼓励骑自行车。鼓励骑自行车。好处：省钱、省时、节能、环保。好处：省钱、省时、节能、环保。【写作内容写作内容】请根据以上概要写一篇短文，包括以下内容：请根据以上概要写一篇短文，包括以下内容：1.存在的问题；存在的问题；2.解决的方案；解决的方案；3.方案的好处。方案的好处。经过审题，我们可以列出以下的信息点：1）We had a discussion.2)Our streets are crowded with traffic.There are too many private cars.3)The air

14、 is seriously polluted.4)Some solutions are put forward./Everyone is encouraged to offer suggestions.5)Car owners could reduce the use of private cars.6)They could share their cars with their friends and workmates.7)The government should do something to improve the public transport system.8)The gove

15、rnment should build more green lanes.9)The public transport system should be more convenient for citizens.10)People should be encouraged to use their bicycles.11)Money,time and energy will be saved.12)The measures are friendly to the environment.请运用我们刚才所提及的名词短语、介词短语、请运用我们刚才所提及的名词短语、介词短语、with的复合结的复合结

16、构、非谓语短语、并列连词和复合句来整合信息。构、非谓语短语、并列连词和复合句来整合信息。名词短语整合信息点名词短语整合信息点2、3。运用介词短语充当定语整合信息点运用介词短语充当定语整合信息点2、3;2、3、4;11、12。运用非谓语整合信息运用非谓语整合信息7、8、9;5,8,10;2,3;5,6。运用运用with的复合结构整合信息的复合结构整合信息6、12。运用复合句整合信息。运用复合句整合信息。Increasing numbers of private cars contribute to heavy traffic jams and serious air pollution.名词短语

17、整合信息点名词短语整合信息点2、3句。句。2)Our streets are crowded with traffic.There are too many private cars.3)The air is seriously polluted.People are more aware of the fact that increasing number of private cars has given rise to serious problems like traffic jams and air pollution.（2,3）运用介词短语充当定语整合运用介词短语充当定语整合信息点

18、信息点2、3;2、3、4;11、12。2)Our streets are crowded with traffic.There are too many private cars.3)The air is seriously polluted.4)Some solutions are put forward./Everyone is encouraged to offer suggestions.11)Money,time and energy will be saved.12)The measures are friendly to the environment.We held a dis

19、cussion in the hope of coming up with some practical solutions to end the shameful condition of traffic jams and air pollution in our city.(2,3,4)By taking the above measures,not only can we save money,time and energy but also we can contribute to a city with better environment.（11,12）The government

20、 should improve the public transport system to make it more convenient for people.（7、8、9）运用非谓语整合信息运用非谓语整合信息7、8、9;5,8,10;2,3;5,6。Building more green lanes is obviously a good way to encourage cycling instead of driving.(5,8,10)There is a widespread concern over environmental pollution and traffic jam

21、s caused by private cars.(2,3)First,car owners could share their cars with their friendsand workmates,thus reducing the use private cars.（5,6）Hopefully,with people sharing private cars with each other,our city will definitely be an environment-friendly place to live运用运用with的复合结构整合的复合结构整合信息信息6、12。Whe

22、n it comes to traffic jams and air pollution,some people come up with the idea that car owners could reduce the use of private cars by sharing cars with their friends and workmates.运用复合句整合信息。运用复合句整合信息。定语从句整合定语从句整合2、3句。句。With the development ofeconomy,more and more people have their own cars,which in

23、 turn leads to such problem as traffic jams and air pollution.状语从句整合状语从句整合7、9句句If the government could improve the public transport system,it would be more convenient for people to travel.名词性从句整合名词性从句整合2、3、6句。句。Recently the issue of traffic jams and air pollution caused by private cars has been brou

24、ght to the concern of all people,especially us students,who came up with some practical suggestion in a discussion(信信息点息点1-4).In our opinion,citizens could reduce the use of private cars by sharing with their friends and workmates(信息点信息点5-6).Besides,what really matters is that the government improve

25、s the public transport system to make it more convenient for people to travel（信息点（信息点7和和9）.Meanwhile,the government should have more green lanes built to encourage cycling（信息点（信息点8和和10）.By taking the above measures,not only can we save money,time,and energy but also we can contribute to a city with

26、better environment（信息点（信息点11和和12）.高考大纲中常用哪些高考大纲中常用哪些连接词连接词1.表示递进表示递进;在同一话题上补充内容在同一话题上补充内容 另外，还有：and,and then,even,what is more/worse/better,besides,also,moreover,in addition2.表示转折关系表示转折关系 但是，然而，相反：but,however,yet,instead,on the other hand,otherwise,on the contrary.3.表示因果关系表示因果关系因为，因此，所以因为，因此，所以:for,

27、so,therefore,asaresult,becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto4.表示解释说明表示解释说明:thatis(tosay),inotherwords,namely,suchas,forexample,forinstance,andsoon5.表示时间顺序表示时间顺序:atfirst,then,later,meanwhile,intheend,finally,sincethen,atlast6.用于陈述事实用于陈述事实 实际上:in fact,actually,as a matter of fact 跟你说实话:to tell you the truth7.对一个话题进行总结对一个话题进行总结 总而言之，总的来说:on the whole,in short,all in all,in general,in a word,to sum up,in conclusion8.其它常用到的副词其它常用到的副词personally,more importantly,especially,hopefully