2022-2023学年江西省高三上学期期中英语试卷.docx
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1、2022.2023学年江西省高三(上)期中英语试卷题号二三五总分得分注意事项:1 .答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑:如需改动,用橡皮擦干 净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后,本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷(选择题)一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)ABig Thinkers SeriesThe 2022 Big Thinkers Series from New Scientist events features four on
2、line talks, experts.If wide range of topics by world-class scientist speakers and cxpcrts.If you arc curious about your planet or your universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.Save 20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big
3、 Thinkers Series (available on-demand) or purchase single tickets for just 13 per lecture (available by early booking).Reality+: From the Matrix to the Mctaverse with David ChalmersIn this talk, philosopher David Chalmers argues that Melaverse-slyle virtual worlds experienced through headsets are al
4、so genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR.What we dont know about gravity with Claudia de Rhamgravity.In familiar with the concept of gravity.In this talk, Professor Claudia de Rham will explore how much we actually know about gravity and how much more there is left
5、 to uncover.A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad OrzelFrom Stonehenge to atomic clocks, here is the 5, time.Chadhistory of how science is used to mark timc.Chad Orzel, the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog, offers us a witty journey through scientific
6、 theory and quirky (反常的) historical detail.Physics at the End of the universe with Katie Mackyears.Butang theory tells the story of the beginning of the universe for the last 13.8 billion years.But how does the story end? Join astronomer Katie Mack as she shares what modern astrophysics tells us abo
7、ut the final fate of the universe.1. ow much does a series ticket cost? A. 13.B. 20.C. 30.D. 32.2. What will Chad Orzel lecture in? A. The genuine reality. B. The secrets of gravity.C. The history of time marking.D. The final fate of the universe.3. What do (he four talks have in common? A. They are
8、 all aimed at science lovers. 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的 趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生 首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。8TL【答案】A、B、C、C解析(1 )细节理解题。根据第一段 Farmers conventionally throw away these imperfect items, as many grocery chains wont buy them for fear that they arc u
9、nsellable.(农民通常会扔掉这些不完美的物品,因为许多杂货连 锁店不会购买它们,因为担心它们卖不出去)可知,传统上,农民处理不完美的水果和蔬菜的方法是把它 们扔掉。故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据第一段 Farmers conventionally throw away these imperfect items as many grocery chains wont buy them for fear that they are unsellable.(农民通常会扔掉这些不完美的物品,因为许多杂货连锁店 不会购买它们,因为担心它们卖不出去)及第二段One such business i
10、s Imperfect Produce, a start-up that delivers fresh ugly produce to consumers.(其中一家公司是 Imperfect Produce,这是一家向消费者提供新鲜 丑陋农产品的初创公司)可知,Imperfect Produce的目的是向消费者售卖新鲜不完美的农产品。故选B。(3)推理判断题。根据第三段 While this movemenl mighl be a new irend here in ihe US, ils already gained serious momentum (势头)in Europe.(虽然这一
11、运动在美国可能是一种新的趋势,但它已经在欧洲获得 了很大的势头)可推知,与美国相比,我们了解到欧洲解决了早期生产的不完美的问题。故选C。(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段 It is believed that when the discarded fruits and vegetables decompose they release methane, a greenhouse gas that, when released into the atmosphere* is about 86 times as powerful as carbon dioxide over a 20-year pe
12、riod.(人们认为当丢弃的水果和蔬菜分解时,它们会释放出甲烷,这是一种温室 气体,当释放到大气中时,在20年内的威力约为二氧化碳的86倍。)可知,根据最后一段,导致全球变 暖是浪费的食物对环境的危害。故选C。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了农产品销售企业为了让长相.丑陋的蔬菜和水果进入销售渠道所做的努力以 及这样做的意义.阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的获取细节信息和逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述内容作出合理 的推断;或归纳作者所阐述的观点理论。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。1275.【答案】B、A、C、C【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段中 But?the?th
13、eory?proved?wrong?in? 1903?when?a scientist?named?Archibald?Weeks?put?bats?against?a?higger?species?of?moths?that?lacked?tails.He?found?that the?bats?kine(J?66%of?(heir?targets.Luna?moths, despite?being?smaller, were?harder?to?catch.Clearly, thcir?tails?providcd?an?anti-bat?advantage, Wccks?observed
14、.l?think?they?wcre?uscd?to?dircct?bats?away from?lhe?moths?body.(但1903年,当一位名叫Archibald Weeks的科学家将蝙蝠与一种更大的没有尾巴 的飞蛾进行对抗时,这个理论被证明是错误的。他发现蝙蝠杀死了 66%的目标。月蛾尽管体型较小,却更 难捕捉。”很明显,它们的尾巴提供了抗蝙蝠的优势,”威克斯观察到。”我认为它们被用来引导蝙蝠远离飞 蛾的身体。)可知,Archibald Weeks的重要贡献是他认为月蛾用尾巴迷惑蝙蝠,尾巴为它提供了对抗蝙 蝠的优势。故选B。(2)细节理解题。根据最后一段开头Barbcr?cxpla
15、incd?that?bats?wcrc?not?visual?huntcrs.Thcy?found?thcir?food?with?a?spccial?sound.(巴伯解释 说,蝙蝠不是视觉上的猎手。它们用一种特殊的声音找到食物。)可知,蝙蝠不是视觉上的猎手。故选A。(3)代词指代题。根据最后一段中To?beprotected?from?bats,luna?moths?needed?soinething?(hat?made?confusing?sounds.Thal?was?what?the?luna molhs?lails?did: As?thcy?flcvv, they?waved?bc
16、hind?them?and?produccd?sounds?that?were?similar?to?their?wing beats.To?bats ? ?ei(her?sounded?like?a?huge?part?of?their?target or?like?an?en(irely?different?larget.(为了免受蝙蝠的伤害,月蛾需要能发出令人迷惑的声音的东西。这就是月蛾的尾巴所做的:当它们飞行 时,它们在身后摆动,并发出类似于翅膀拍动的声音。对蝙蝠来说,它们要么听起来像目标的很大一部分, 要么像一个完全不同的目标。)可知,划线部分的单词they指代的是前文提到的luna
17、?m3hs。故选C。(4)标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了科学家们对一种叫作月娥的生物的尾巴的研究,解释了月 娥的尾巴在对抗蝙蝠时的作用。C 选项 Why?Do?Luna?Moths?Have?Such?Troublesorne?Long?Tails?(为什 么月蛾有这么麻烦的长尾巴?)适合作本文标题。故选C。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们对一种叫作月娥的生物的尾巴的研究,解释了月娥的尾巴在对抗 蝙蝠时的作用。做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进 行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分析,切忌
18、胡乱猜测, 一定要做到有理有据。1620.【答案】E、F、A、D、G【解析】(1)联系上文题。根据上文Maybe?you?are?fcaiful?of?missing?your?holidays?due?to?long?waits?for?ncw?passports.(也许你担心由于长 时间等待新护照而错过假期。)可知提起加快办理护照”这个话题,因此E.Naveen, founder?of?Next?Vacay, has?issued?four?tips?to?speed?up?the?passport?process (Naveen 是 Next?Vacay 的创始人,他提出 了四条建议 来
19、加快办理护照的速度),符合语境,故选E。(2)联系下文题。i inc!uding?popular?travel?spots?such?as?Egypt Thailand and?Dubai.(包括埃 及、泰国和迪拜等热门旅游景点。)可知此处说明的是和目的地相关的情况,因此 F.You?also?need?lhe?minimuin?of?(hree?or?six?mon(hs?lo?gain?entry?into?many?destinations (你还需要至少 三到六个月的时间才能进入许多目的地),与下文一致,故选F。(3)段落主题题。根据下文 rd?recommend?(horoughly
20、?checking?your?application?before?you?send?it?off.(我建议你在发送之前彻底检查你的申请。)可知本段讲述了确保信息无误的问题,因此 A.Ensurc?your?dctails?arc?correct (确保你的详细信息正确无误),概括了本段大意,故选A。(4)根据上文 When?it?comes?to?the?me(hod?of?how?you?apply, digital?applications?gcncrally?takc?a?short?ainount?of?tiinc?as?parts?of?thc?application?arc?lc
21、ss?likcly?to?gct?l ost, plus?(he?online?process?will?be?more?efficienl.(当涉及如何申请的方法时,数字申请表通常需要较短 的时间,因为申请表的某些部分不太可能丢失,而且线上过程将更有效。)可知此处说明线上申请更有效, 因此 D.Keep?this?in?mind?if?you?dont?want?to?end?up?being?stuck?in?the?waiting?line (如果你不想被困在 等待的队伍中,请记住这一点),符合语境,其中this指代的是上文的 plus?the?online?process?will?b
22、e?more?efficient,故选 D。(5)联系下文题。根据下文Alternatively,iook?to?book?an?appointmcnt?to?onc?of?thc?various?passport?ccntcrs?across?the?country?that?way?you?can?s peed?up?lhe?process?in?person?and?have?someone?on?hand?should?(here?be?any?errors.(或者,也可以预约 全国各地的一个护照中心,这样你就可以亲自加快办理过程,如果有任何错误,也可以找个人帮忙。)可 知此处说明的是
23、加快办理过程的方法,因此G.However, it?you?are?lraveling?for?an?emergency, you?may,?be,?able?to?accelerate?the?process (如果你是因紧急情况旅行,你或许可以加快这个过程), 与下文呼应,故选G。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 4个如何加快办理护照的技巧。关于选句填空的做题步骤:步骤一:快速浏览一遍备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置:标题,句 首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。步骤二:快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构。步骤三:分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨
24、大意。步骤四:注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词。步骤五:区分相似项。214().【答案】B、D、A、C、D、A、C、B、A、D、C、B、A、C、B、D、A、C、B、D【解析】(1)考查名词及语境理解。A.bosses老板;B.charges需要照管的人;C.aims目标;D.workmates 同事。句意:我需要照管的孩子都是学龄前儿童。根据空前的working at a department store childcare room 和下文1 found myself teaching English to preschoolers可知,作者需要照管的孩子都是学龄前儿童。c
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