英语高三一轮复习系列人教学案导学版文档第二部分基础保分篇第六讲含答案2.docx

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1、第六讲情态动词知识网络第一课时知识过关课can could能，会；可以；可能。He can not come loday.他今天不可能来。 may might可以；可能：祝愿。He may not come today他今天可能不来。 must必须；一定；非要。1 musl be going now.我现在得走了。族本类（shall好吗；要不要Shall we start ihc ni ecling now?我们现在开始开会好吗？ should应该，应当；可能。You should keep your promise.你应当遵守诺言。 will/would愿意，好吗；总是，大概。1 will

2、help you.我愿意帮你。主要类型 dare/necd敢/需要（作情态动词仅用于疑问句、否定句、条件句，或与whe限r连用）带1。类 短语类be able to 能。No one has been able lo explain it clearly.没人能清楚地解释它 have io 必须。They dont have lo stay here.他们不必待在这里。情态动词used to过去常常。I Ie used to smoke but not now.他以前抽烟但现在不抽了。 oughl to 应该。They ought to go now,oughtnt they?他们该走了，对吗

3、?had betler 最好。You had bell er go home.你最好还是 Pl 去吧。would raiher 宁愿。I would raiher not tell you.我宁愿不告诉你。nuist have clone slh一定已经做 了某事对过去情况的推测can could have done slh可能已经做某事 may rnighl have done slh 或许已经做某事ought io should have clone sth本应该做某事（但没做）oughl noi io shouldn t have done sth 本不该做某事（却做了） 责备或后悔co

4、uld have done sth本来能够做某事（而实际上没做）（不能用can）niighi have clone sth本可以做某事（而实际上没做）（不能用may） needn i have done sth本不必做某事（而实际上做T）主要用法典型例句can/could表能力“能，会”I can answer the question.我能回答这个问题。表请求“能，可以”Can you help me with it?能帮我一下吗？表允许“能，可以”Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的报纸吗？提建议“可以”You canMr.LiMr.Li about it.这件

5、事你可以问问李先生。表可能性：可能（问句或 否定句）That cantMary.SheMary.Shes in hospital.那不可能是玛丽，她住院了。What can they be doing ?他们可能在干什么呢？may/might表允许You may come if you wish.你愿意来 可以来。表可能This coat may be Peters.这件大衣可能是彼得的。表祝愿May you succeed!祝你成功！must表必要“必须”I must study hard,我必须努力学习。表坚持“偏要，非要”Must you make so much noise? 你非 得

6、弄出这么多噪音吗？表不可避免“必定会”All men must die.人总有一死。表推断“一定、准是”You must be tired after your long walk.你走了那么远的路，一定累了。shall在疑问句中征求意见 （主语是第一，第三人称）Shall we begin now?我们现在开始， 好吗？Shall he wait for you outside?要不要 他在外面等你？表示说话者给对方的承 诺、决心、警告等You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你过生日一定得有件新衣。（主语是第二、第三人称）表示强制，意为“必

7、须， 应该”Each competitor shall wear a number. 每个参赛者要戴一个号码。（在法令、 规章中）should表示责任或义务He should work harder.他应该更加努 力。（意为：应该，应当）表示推断“可能，该”He should arrive soon.他可能很快就 至U了。(will probably)表示“竟然”Its strange that he should be late.真奇 怪，他竟会迟到。表示不感兴趣、惊讶How should I know?我怎么知道呢？表示“万一 ”（条件句）If I should be free tomor

8、row, I wouldcome.万一明天有空，我就来。will/would表示愿意He will take you home.他愿意送你回家。表示请求Will/Would you go with me?你愿意 和我一起去吗？表示真理“总是”Oil will float on water.油总是浮在水面上。表示过去的习惯He would get up early when he lived in the country.他住乡下时总是早起。表示要求“一定”You will report to me afterward.你稍 后一定要向我报告。表示目前情况的预测“一定，大概”This will

9、be the house youre looking for.这大概就是你要找的房子。、熟读深思读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线黑体部分。思考：各个情态动词的含义;什么情况下用情态动词的完成式，分别表达什么含义。Lucy is an outgoing lady. She canllJ play many kinds of musical instruments. Actually, she could121 play the piano when she was 8 years old. Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day. She s

10、ays that she has to131 do some sports because she must141 keep slim. You shall151 get fat soon if you dont take exercise every day. she usually says to her friends.As for her, an elegant lady should161 try to keep fit. However, last week, she found that she mi】ht put on weight and she was worried an

11、d decided to lose weight. And these days she is always thinking that she may网 succeed soon if she tries all her best. However, she is always lack of time because she ought tof91 take care of her children.One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she w

12、as late. On her way, she thought that the dancing mus have 力出1111以 and the coach could Jiavg aught 。匚 show/U many new moves. She was afraid that her friends miqht Jiavg before she got there. She was regretful then. She shouk| havg g小 supper earlier, or she soidd jiavg2indeed she needn hevg taken51a

13、bath in advance.When she reached the park finally, she found nobody was there. She remembered suddenly that it had been reported on the radio that there would be a heavy rain that night, l.can在此表示能力。2 .could在此表示能力，是can的过去式。3 .have to表示“不得不”，强调客观需要。4 .must表示“必须”，强调主观想法。5.shall表示说话者的意图、允诺、告诫、警告等，用于陈述句

14、的第二、第三人称。 6.should表示劝告或建议，意为“应该”。7 .might在此是may的过去式，表示可能。8 .may表示“可能”。9.oughtto “应该”，表示义务或责任，比should语气重。10 .must have done表示对过去已经发生的事进行推测，意为“想必已经做了某事”。11 .could have done表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能已经做了某事”。12 .might have done表示“或许已经做了某事”。13.should have done表示“本应该做某事（但没有做）”，有责备和懊悔之意。 14.couldhavedone意为“本来可以做某事（但

15、没有做）”，有懊悔之意。15.needrft have done表示做了本来不必去做的事情，意为“本不必做某事（但却做了）”。、灵活运用I ,单句填空（用 must, can, may, might, shall, should, cant, neednt, mustnt 填空。）neednt worry about my weekend-I always have my plans ready before it comes.2 .Just be patient. You cant expect the world to change so soon.3 .一May I take this

16、book out of the reading room?一No, you mustnt. You read it here.4 .You mustnt park here! Its an emergency exit.5.1 cant leave. She told me that I must stay here until she comes back.6.I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He may/might not come. He said he wasnt certain what his

17、 plans were.7.1t must have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.8.The traffic is heavy this day; I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?9.1t is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.10.She cant have left school, for

18、her bike is still here.II.单句改错（下列每句中有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出 并改正。）1.1 used to living in Hunan but now I live in Guangzhou.livinglive2.She could sang very well when she was a girLsangsing3.Youd better to wear rubbers, fbr its raining outside.去掉 to4.1 would rather to work than play.去掉 to5.1 aske

19、d him whether he needs go there.needsneed6.Something is wrong with my computer and it need repairing.needneeds7.1 can have lent you the money. Why didnt you ask me? cancould8.She should able to give us a good answer.在 able 前力口 beJudging from what you say, he ought succeed,在 ought 后力口 to9 .You mustnt

20、 have told him the news; he knew it already.mustntf neednt第二课时写作增分课情态动词在写作中的增分点 一、利用情态动词的语法特征写对句子1 .他能游过那条河。(can, swim, across the river)He can swim acioss the liver.2 .她可能反对这件事。(may, object to) She may object to it.3 .他必须不遗余力学好英语。(must, spare no effort, learn English well) He must spare no effort t

21、o learn English well.4 .我明年就能开车了。(will, be able to, drive a car)I will be able to drive a car next year5 .我不会再迟到了。(wont, late)L wont be late again.6 .你最好尽你最大努力，来实现父母对你的期望。(had better, try ones best, live up to, expectations)You had bette匚 try your best_ to live up tQ yourparents _ expectations.7 .你不

22、必告诉他什么。(need/have to)You neednt te him anything./You dont have to tell him anything.8 .她不敢单独在夜里出去。(dare, alone)She darent go out at night alone./She doesnt dare to go out at night alon e.二 利用情态动词的推测性用法写靓句子.我家乡春天的天气相当暖和，但有时也会非常得冷。(weather, fairly warm, can, extremely cold) The weather in my hometown

23、is fairly warm in spring, but it can be extre mely cold sometimes.1 .你在山路上开车时一定要小心，因为有时可能很危险。(drive down the mountainous road) You must be caieful when you drive down the mountainous load, because it can be dangerous.2 .我明天或许不会去看你，因为我的叔叔明天可能来。(might, call on, drop in)I might not call on you tomorrow

24、, because my uncle might drop in.3 .现在，他不可能在和他的同学一起旅游。相反，他一定是在家里学习。(tour with, study) At the moment, he cant be touring with his friends. On the contrary, he mus t be studying at home.4 .是因为我学习不够努力，还是因为我学习方法不当？ (can, work hard enough, in the right way) Can it be because I havent worked hard enough o

25、r_ because I havent studie d in the right way?5 .他随时会到。(should, any moment)He should be here any moment.三、利用“情态动词+havedone”写高级句子.那天上学我迟到了。我可能把闹钟关掉后又睡着了。(turn off the alarm clock, fall asleep)was late for school thal day.I might have tumed_ off thg alaim clock and fallen asleep again.1 .我到家后发现我的钱包不见了

26、。或许我把它遗忘在你的出租车上了。(can?t find my wallet, leave, taxi)I couldnt find, my wallet when I got home.I might have left it_ in your ta xi.2 .她不可能已经走了，因为她的手提包还在这里。(leave, handbag, lie) She canthave_ left,because her handbag is_ stilllyinghere.3 .他可能是去北京了，因为他曾经说过他的姑姑在那里工作。(could, once said)He couldhave goneto

27、 Beijing, because he oncesaidhis- auntworked theie.4 .我一定是在回家的路上把它弄丢了。(drop it somewhere on my way home)I must have dropped it somewhere on my way home.四、巧用“will, shall, would, used to”增加句中惹眼”成分.如果你不听我的建议，你会后悔一辈子的。(follow ones advice, regret)If you dont follow my advice, you shall regret for the les

28、t of your life.1 .我尽力推门，门就是不开。(push, wouldn,t)I tried to push the door, but 让 wouldnt open.2 .我告诉他不要辍学，但他不愿意听。(tell, drop out of school)told him not to drop out of school, but_ he wouldnt listen.3 .当我们小的时候，他星期天总是来我家和我一起玩。(come over to my home, on Sundays) When we we】e young, he would come over to my home and play with me on Sundays.4 .我过去夜里睡得早，但我现在已习惯熬夜了。(used to, get used to, stay up late)used to go to bed early at night, but I get used to staying up late noW.