新高考英语外研版一轮学案板块5第4讲特殊句式.docx

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1、第4讲特殊句式前沿最新动态题型高考典题试做命题角度解读语 法 填 空1. (2018全国卷 II )China*s approach to protecting its environment while feeding (feed) its citizens u offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policy makers worldwide, v .2. (2016全国卷 II )It could be anything一gardening, cooking, music, sports一but whatever it is, m

2、ake(make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.状语从句中的 省略、祈使句 等。核心语法精讲考点一倒装句题组试做1单句语法填空1. (2020营口模拟)Inio the dark apartment walked (walk) David, who was quite surprised when everyone shouted “ Happy birthday! ”2. Strange as/though it might sound, his idea was a

3、ccepted by all the people at the meeting.3. Hardly had(have) she gone out when a student came to visit her.要点解读1 .完全倒装表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语here, there, now, then, up, down, away, off, in, out, in the room, on the wall 等置于句首，且主语为名词时。At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies Ch

4、ongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China.在长江和嘉陵江的交汇处，坐落着中国十大城市之一的重庆。2 .部分倒装(1)否定副词(never, neither, nor, hardly, little, seldom, rarely 等)或表示否 定意义的介词短语(at no time, by no means, on no condition, in no case 等)置于句 首时。(2)oMy修饰介词短语、副词或状语从句，且置于句首时。(3)so/neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，意为”也是如此/也不”。(4)在not o

5、nly.but (also)句型中，若not only置于句首时，需将not only所在 的句子部分倒装。(5)not until.置于句首时，主句需部分倒装。(6)so.that和such.Jhat.句式中，so或such及其所修饰的成分置于句首时， 主句需部分倒装。Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.直到近期，他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。Only after they had discussed the

6、matter for several hours did they reach a decision.他们讨论了那个问题几个小时之后才做出决定。考点二强调句题组试做单句语法填空1. (2020吉林省梅河口市联考)It was only when we took him to the vets on Saturday morning and got his chip scanned that we found out for sure.2. “An awful accident did, however, occur the other day, the old man repeated, tr

7、embling all over.要点解读1 .陈述句式：It is/was.that/who.(强调人时可用ihat或who,强调物时只用 that)一般疑问句：Is/Was +it+.that/who.?特殊疑问句：疑问词+ is/was+ it+ that.?It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. J,正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次遇到我的新邻居们。Was it on a lonely island that he was saved one month afte

8、r the boat went down?他是在船沉了一个月之后在一个荒岛上被救的吗？2 . not.until.”的强调句：It is/was not until.that.（注意时态）It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.直到我来到这儿，我才知道这个地方出名不仅仅因为它的美，还因为它的天 气。易错提醒强调谓语动词，用do/does/did +动词原形。该结构只用于肯定句， 并且只有一般现在时和一般过去时。考

9、点三其他常考特殊句式题组试做单句语法填空1. （2020招远月考）1 hope youll visit China next month. If so, Id like to be your tour guide.2. When watching （watch） the film in the theatre, the audience burst out laughing.3. It is highly likely that the remains that are found in Siberia these days have been preserved.4. （2020日照联考）G

10、enerally speaking, it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows.5. （2020山东荷泽一模）As is known to us all, some students have breakfast regularly while others dont. There are（be） several reasons.6. （202（卜河北衡水中学第三次调研）Once upon a time, there was a boy whose parents named him Odd

11、.要点解读一、省略1 .状语从句的省略当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主 语是it且从句中含be动词时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，构成下列 结构：连词+形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled.金属力口热时就膨胀，冷去I 时就收缩。2 .不定式的省略(1)在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中和前面句子中相同 的动词(短语),只保留不定式符号too常用在expect, hope, intend, mean, try, want, wish

12、 等词后。Firstly, people may feel forced when asked to do things that they dont want to.首先，当人们被要求去做他们不想做的事情时他们会感到是被迫的。(2)but用作介词，意为“除之外”时，前面有实义动词do,后接不定式 时，要省略io；但前面没有实义动词do时，后接的不定式不省略tooIf he takes on this work, he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.如果他接受了这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。3

13、. if省略结构if so如果这样的话if not如果不是这样的话if ever如果曾经有的话if necessary如果有必要的话if possible如果可能的话if any如果有的话二、感叹句1. what引导的感叹句(1)What+a/an(+。矽：)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！(2)What(+力.) +不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语！2. how引导的感叹句(l)How + ./adu. + 主语 + 谓语！(2)How+adj. + a/an +单数名词+主语+谓语！(3)How+主语+谓语！What a strange plant( = How strange a plant

14、)! Ive never seen it before.这种植物真奇怪！我以前从未见过。The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。三、祈使句祈使句常用来表达命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告、劝告等。1 .祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you(常省略)。祈使句的否定形式一般在动词 原形前加dont,也可用副词never构成。祈使句的强调形式可以在句首加do。Do your homework before you watch TV.看电视之前要先做你的家庭作

15、业。2 .祈使句表示假设的情况。(1)祈使句+ 血/。+简单句(2)名词词组(多含有more, another) + and +简单句Call me tomorrow and Ill let you know the result.明天给我打电话，我会让你知道结果的。Start out right away, or well miss the first train.立刻出发，否则的话，我们将要错过首班车。四 there be句型1. there be句型中的be可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。 并且 be 有时可用 live, remain, stand, lie, exist

16、, seem to be, appear to be, happen to be, used lobe 等替换。There have been many great changes in our country since then.自从那时起我国发生了很大的变化。Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.从前在海边的一个村庄里住着一位老渔夫。2. there be句型的常考句型：There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义There is no d

17、oubt that.毫无疑问There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没有必要做某事There is (no) difficulty/trouble in doing/with sth.做某事(没)有困难There is (no) possibility of (doing) sth./that.(做)某事(没)有可能性五、it的特殊用法1. it作形式主语或形式宾语：il作形式主语或形式宾语时，真正的主语或宾 语可以是动词不定式、动名词或由that引导的主语或宾语从句，把真正的主语或 宾语移到句后。It is a good habit to do mo

18、rning exercises.晨练是个好习惯。It is a pity that you didnt see such a good film.真遗憾，你没看这么一部好电影。2. it用于强调句型：It + is/was+被强调的部分+ that/who+其他。It is Professor Wang that/who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.是王教授每周一下午教我们英语。3. it引起的几个易混时间句型。lt+be+时间段+since从句，“自从以来已多久了”。在该句型中，若 since从句的谓语动词是终止性动词，则主句动作自该终

19、止性动词动作开始时算起; 若since从句的谓语动词是延续性动词，则主句动作或状态自该延续性动词动作结 束时开始。It is three years since she left Beijing.自从她离开北京已三年了。It is three years since she lived in Beijing.她三年不在北京住了。It+be+时间段+ before从句，主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为“过多长 时间才”；主句中的谓语动词是否定式时，意为“没过多久就”。主句 的时态可用过去时was或将来时will be；用was时，before从句的动词用一般过去 时；用will be时，befor

20、e从句常用一般现在时。It was not long before she learned those poems by heart.不久她就背会了那些诗歌。It was long before the police arrived.不久警察就到了。It will be hours before he makes a decision.要过儿小时他才能做决定。It+be+时间+ when从句，主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态 上一般是一致的，主句是will be, when从句用一般现在时代替将来时。It was already 8 oclock when we got home.我们到家时已经八点了。It was the next morning when we finished our work. 次日凌晨我们才完成工作。It will be midnight when they get there.他们要午夜到达那里。【技法点拨】在语法填空中：1 .注意分析句式结构，确定为何种特殊句式；2 .根据特殊句式的结构特点，填入适当的词。