新托福阅读长难句120句(分析+译文).pdf

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1、新托福阅读长难句120 句（分析+译文）1.Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth s surface，the deep ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans，in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.(定语后置in some ways)由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压

2、力，深海底部对人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。分句 1：Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures 分句 2：hundreds of times greater than at the Earth s surface分句 3：the deep ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans 分句 4：in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space 分句 2 修饰

3、分句 1 结尾的短语intense pressures，分句 1 是分句 3 的原因状语分句 3 是整个长句子的主句分句 4 是分句 3 的后置定语，修饰分句3 的 a hostile environment to humans 整个句子结构是：原因状语+主句+后置定语这是主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是本句其实不是复合句。句子的核心意思是深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。2.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the countrys impressi

4、ve population growth(倒装结构Basic to any understanding is)要理解二战之后20 年中的加拿大，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。分句 1：Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War 分句 2：is 分句 3：the countrys impressive population growth 分句 1，2，3 共同构成倒装句，正常的语序应该是3，2，1，即：该句的正常语序是The countrys impressive populati

5、on growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War本句是一个简单句，只不过使用了倒装，谓语动词是is.3.As a result，claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized an

6、d form the basis for folklore(同位语从句claims that)结果，那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点广为人知，并成为一些民间说法的基础。分句 1：that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health 分句 2：claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore

7、 分句 2 嵌套分句 1，分句 1 作为分句 2 主语的同位语从句嵌套在分句2 中。因此本句的主句是claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore.那些观点广为人知，并成为一些民间说法的基础。同位语从句是that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health：只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康4.Ther

8、e are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones，that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs，that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like(并列同位语从句reports that，that，that)关于天然维生素优于人造维生素，受精蛋比未受精蛋的营养价值更高，未经熏蒸消毒处理的谷

9、物比经过处理的好等等报道屡见不鲜，但都没有得到证实。分句 1：There are numerous unsubstantiated reports 分句 2：natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones 分句 3：that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs 分句 4：that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like 分句 1 是整个长句的主句，分句2、分句 3 和分句

10、 4 是并列关系，共同构成分句1 的同位语从句。本句的意思是有很多没有经过证实的报道，然后并列了三个未经过证实的报道的从句。5 The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North，though less spectacularly(同位语从句fact that)南方极为严重的困境使北方同样需要开始重建(尽管不像南方那么引人注目)这一事实显得不太重要。分句 1.The desperate plight of the So

11、uth has eclipsed the fact 分句 2.reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North 分句 3.though less spectacularly（省略）1 和 2 嵌套1 和 3 并列6 The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban

12、sprawl(宾语从句 what we now know as)现在可以获得这些环绕几乎每个大城市边缘地区的土地，这一可能性激发了一场房地产开发的热潮并造成了我们现在称为城区无计划扩展的现象。分句 1：The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled 分句 2：what we now know as urban sprawl 分句 1 嵌套分句2，即分句1 是主句，分句2

13、是宾语从句，主句结构经过精简应该是The new accessibility of land sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled urban sprawl。本句的理解困难还来自于抽象词fuel，它作为名词的含义广为人知，是能源、燃料，作为动词的时候的意思就可以引申为促使、造成。7.But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant

14、 ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth(Of结构作定语：of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs)但这些因素并不能解释这个有趣的问题：为何在一个特定的地点会如此集中地出现即将临产的怀孕鱼龙群。分句 1：But these factors do not account for the interesting question 分句 2：of how there came to be su

15、ch a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth 分句 1 嵌套分句 2.分句 2 是 Of 结构作后置定语修饰说明question 的内容。8.Amid rumors that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of rock salt

16、80 by 45 miles in extent，the two captains set out(同位语从句rumors that)当时有一些传言，说有史前的猛犸在这一陌生的区域活动，而且在这一区域的某个地方有一座巨大的盐石山，其面积达80 英里长 50 英里宽。就在这些传言中，两位上尉出发了。分句 1：Amid rumors 分句 2：that there were prehistoric mammoths wandering around the unknown region 分句 3：and that somewhere in its wilds was a mountain of r

17、ock salt 80 by 45 miles in extent 分句 4：the two captains set out 分句 1 和分句 4 构成倒装，正常的语序应该是分句4+分句 1，即 the two captains set out Amid rumors。分句1 嵌套分句 2 和分句 3，分句 2 和分句 3 是修饰分句1 的rumors的同位语从句，用来说明谣言的具体内容。分句2 和分句 3 构成并列关系。9.In the seventeenth century the organ,the clavichord，and the harpsichord became the c

18、hief instruments of the keyboard group，a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century(同位语 a supremacy)17 世纪时风琴、敲弦琴和拨弦琴成为键盘乐器类的主要成员，这种至高无上的地位一直由它们保持，直到18 世纪末被钢琴所取代。分句 1：In the seventeenth century the organ,the clavichord，and the harpsichord became the

19、 chief instruments of the keyboard group，分句 2：a supremacy they maintained until the piano supplanted them at the end of the eighteenth century 分句2 是分句1 的同位语从句，用来修饰说明分句1 中的the chief instruments of the keyboard group 10A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century,inc

20、luding the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it,the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality，finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound，from a liquid，singing tone

21、to a sharp,percussive brilliance(介词结构 from to 作定语)持续到 19 世纪的一系列机械上的改进，包括引入踏板以维持音调或使其柔和，改善金属框架，以及使用最佳牲能的钢丝，最终产生了一种具备无数音调效果的乐器这些效果涵盖了从最精致的和声到几乎全部的管弦乐音响，从明快流畅的吟唱音调到尖锐的打击乐器的恢弘气氛。分句 1：A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century 分句 2：including the introduction of pedals

22、 to sustain tone or to soften it 分句 3：the perfection of a metal frame and steel wire of the finest quality 分句 4：finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects 分句 5：from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound，分句 6：from a liquid，singing tone to a sharp,pe

23、rcussive brilliance 本句的真正的主句结构其实是由分句1 和分句4 构成，即A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century finally produced an instrument capable of myriad tonal effects，分句 2 和分句 3 并列修饰说明分句1 中的 A series of mechanical improvements，而分句 5 和分句 6 并列，修饰说明了分句 4 中的 an instrument capable

24、of myriad tonal effects 11 The largest later named Pueblo Bonito(Pretty Town)by the Spanish,rose in five terraced stories，contained more than 800 rooms，and could have housed a population of 1，000 or more最大的一座后来被西班牙人称为Pueblo Bonito(美丽的城镇)，是一个五层梯式楼，有800 多间房子，能够容纳1 000 人以上。分句 1：The largest rose in five

25、 terraced stories，contained more than 800 rooms，and could have housed a population of 1，000 or more 分句 2：later named Pueblo Bonito(Pretty Town)by the Spanish 分句 1 嵌套分句 2，分句 2 用来修饰分句1 的主语 the largest,分句 1 内部是由三个并列的谓语构成的句子。12Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as“silent”

26、，the film has never been，in the full sense of the word,silent(倒装 accustomed though we are=though we are accustomed)虽然我们习惯于将1927 年以前的电影叫做“无声电影”，但是就“无声这个词的完整意义上说，电影从未真正的无声过。分句 1：Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as“silent”分句 2：the film has never been silent 分句 3：in the

27、 full sense of the word 本句的难点是在分句1 内部有一个倒装，正常的语序应该是though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as silent.分句 3 是一个插入语，嵌套在分句2 中，所以本句的真正强调的核心是 the film has never been silent。13.For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the

28、conductor or leader of the orchestra，and very often the principal qualification far holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces(特殊结构 not SO much as与其说 不如说)在好些年内，为各部影片选择配乐的权力完全掌握在乐队指挥或队长手中，而通常担任这种职位的资格与其说是技巧或鉴赏品位，不如说是个人拥有音乐作品的丰

29、富收藏。分句 1：.For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra 分句 2：and very often the principal qualification far holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal librar

30、y of musical pieces 分句 1 和分句 2 构成并列关系，分句2 的难点在于not so much as的结构。14 Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity，the number of species in a particular ecosystem，to the health of the Earth and hu

31、man well-being(倒装 coincident with concerns has been=has been coincident with concerns)在对物种和动物栖息地加速消失表示关注的同时，人们也越来越认识到生物多样化，即一个特定生态系统中物种的数量对地球的健康以及人类幸福的重要性。分句1：Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological

32、diversity 分句 2：the number of species in a particular ecosystem 分句 3：to the health of the Earth and human well-being 分句 1 内部构成倒装，正常语序应该是concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been coincident with a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity to the health

33、of the Earth and human well-being 所以真正的主句经过精简之后是concerns has been coincident with a growing appreciation 分句 2 是一个插入语，用来解释说明分句1结尾的 biological diversity 15.The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the worlds rain forests does not seem surprising，considering the huge numbers of in

34、sects that comprise the bulk of the species(同位语从句fact that；定语从句that comprise the bulk)考虑到组成大部分物种的昆虫的巨大数量，认为半数的已知物种栖息在世界的雨林中这一事实看起来并不令人吃惊。分句 1：The fact does not seem surprising 分句 2：that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the worlds rain forests 分句 3：considering the huge numbers of inse

35、cts 分句 4：that comprise the bulk of the species 分句 1 嵌套分句 2，分句 2 解释说明分句1 的主语 the fact,是同位语从句，分句3 作为分句 1 的原因状语，分句4 是定语从句，修饰分句 3 的 the huge numbers of insects 16.To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea，it helps to think small(特殊结构it helps to做 有帮助)要充分认识海洋生命的多样性和丰富性，从小的角度思考有帮助。

36、目的状语：To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea,主句：it helps to think small（这里的 it 是形式主语，没有实际意义）1 7.Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks，but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house(特殊结构 not

37、 any more than像 一样不)科学建立在事实上，就像房子用砖砌成一样。但收集的事实不能被叫做科学，就像一堆砖不能被称为房子一样。分句 1.Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks,分句 2.but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house.1 和 2 是并列分句（转折关系）18.The variation between the hemisp

38、heres corresponds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities(从句 which side is used作 corresponds to的宾语两个半球之间的不同与身体的哪一部分用于进行特定的活动是对应的。分句 1.The variation between the hemispheres corresponds to 分句 2.which side of the body is used to perform specific activities1 和 2 是嵌套1 是主句，2 做主句的宾

39、语19.In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth，Donald Barthelme，and Thomas Pynchon,Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence OD the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction(特殊结构 character

40、ized by以 为特征)尽管处于一个以抛弃大量现实主义传统(以作家约翰 巴思、唐纳德 巴塞尔姆和托马斯品钦为代表)为特征的时代，乔伊斯 卡罗尔 欧茨因为坚持自己小说本质上模仿的特点，有时候看起来是一个坚定的守旧派。分 句1.characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth，Donald Barthelme，and Thomas Pynchon,分句 2.Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determi

41、nedly old-fashioned in her insistence OD the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction分句 1 做时间状语“In a period”的后置定语，补充修饰period，相当于省略了“which was”的定语从句分句 2 是主句20 If it were not for this faculty，they would devour all the food available in short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence

42、(虚拟语气)如果不是具有这种能力，它们就会在短时间内吞掉所有能得到的食物，而且很可能会因饿死而灭绝。分句 1.If it were not for this faculty 分句 2.they would devour all the food available in short time 分句 3.would probably starve themselves out of existence 分句 1 是虚拟句的条件从句分句 2、3 是并列，主句light,新托福,分析,hundreds,without 分享到:QQ 空间腾讯微博腾讯朋友分享 0 收藏 0 支持 0 反对 0 楼主热帖

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44、#8226;新托福写作：官方考情泄密•新托福口语考前30 天练习进度•托福口语真题：描述物品•你不可不知：新托福写作的11 种错误分析•如何练习新托福听力•北美大学入学新托福录取分数线•【公告】全球iBT 新托福阅读部分时间设置进行调整•新托福学术词汇(爆抢分类整理)，与大家分享使用道具举报沉默卡星辰 星辰当前离线TOEFL 成绩 143 分最后登录2012-1-13精华0 主题19 积分3519阅读权限200注册时间2011-8-25帖子 64 管理员TOEFL 成绩 143 分阅读权限200 主题 19 精

45、华 0 积分 3519 帖子 64 串个门加好友打招呼发消息沙发发 表 于2011-8-30 11:09:51|只 看 该 作 者21 Individualism is weakly developed in folk cultures，as are social classes(倒装 as are s ocial classes)个人主义和社会阶层在民间文化群体中的发展十分薄弱。分句 1.Individualism is weakly developed in folk cultures 分句 2.as are social classes 1 和 2 并列，2 采用倒装语序，as 表示“也

46、，和 一样”22 People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nations economy would bring social chaos(同位语从句prospect that)19 世纪的美国人因为害怕国家经济中史无前例的变化会带来社会混乱这一前景而提心吊胆。分句 1.People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted b

47、y the prospect 分句 2.unprecedented change in the nations economy would bring social chaos 1 和 2 嵌套，1 是主句，2 具体解释说明prospect 23 Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nations labor force from agriculture to manufactur

48、ing and other nonagricultural pursuits(倒装 Accompanying that growth was a structural change that=A structural change was accompanying that growth)伴随着这一增长的是一个结构变化，它以经济的不断多样化和国家劳动力从农业到制造业和其他非农业职业的逐渐转化为特征。分句 1.Accompanying that growth was a structural change 分句 2.featured increasing economic diversifica

49、tion and a gradual shift in the nations labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits 1 和 2 是嵌套分句 1 是主句，且采用完全倒装的形式分句 2 是定语从句，修饰change.这个定语从句结构较复杂，由2 个and 连接三个并列的名词性成分24 As the roles men and women played in society became more rigidly defined,so did the roles they p

50、layed in the home(倒装 so did)随着男人和女人在社会中扮演的角色被限定得更加严格，他们在家中的角色也是如此。分句 1.the roles became more rigidly defined 分句 2.men and women played in society 分句 3.so did the roles 分句 4.they played in the home1 和 2 嵌套，3 和 4 嵌套1 和 3 并列2 和 4 分别作为定语从句修饰roles 3 是由 so 引导的部分倒装句25.Surrounding the column are three sepal