北京市2018年中考英语试卷及答案(Word版).pdf

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1、2018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷姓名准考证号考场号座位号考生须知1本试卷共10 页,共五道大题，39 道小题,满分 60 分。考试时间90 分钟.2在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。3试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5。考试结束，将本试卷、答题卡卡和草稿纸一并交回。知识运用（共14 分）一、单项填空（共6 分，每小题0。5 分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.My brother and I like football。play it

2、 together once a week.A.I B.They C。We D。You 2。Happy birthday,Peter！Here s a gift you。A。for B.in C.with D。from 3。-do you usually go to school,Mary？By bike.A.When B.How C。Where D.Why 4.Many people like pandas they are cute。A。though B。if C。while D.because 5.I go now,or Ill miss my train。A。can B.might C

3、。must D。could 6。Tony is of the three boys，but he is the tallest.A.young B。younger C。youngest D。the youngest 7.Bill likes reading。He picture books with his dad every evening.A。read B。reads C.is reading D。has read 8。-Paul，what were you doing at nine Last night?I a movie in the cinema with my friends。A

4、。was watching B.watch C。have watched D.will watch 9.David a tennis player,He to play tennis when he was six years o1d.A.begins B。will begin C。began D。has begun 10.-Lucy,is your uncle a teacher？Yes，he is.He history for nearly 20 years.A。teaches B。has taught C。is teaching D。will teach 11.A new interna

5、tional airport in the city next year。A。completes B。is completed C。will complete D.will be completed 12。Alice,could you tell me London？-Sure。Last Sunday A.when Mr。Smith left B。when Mr。Smith wi11 leave C。when did Mr.Smith leave D。when will Mr。Smith leave 二、完形填空（共8 分，每小题1 分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的的A、

6、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Real Solutions（解决方法）to Problems Thirty engineers were working as a team in a company。They were young and eager to learn.The management decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problems One day，the team was called for a 13 in a hall.They were quite surprised and all rea

7、ched the hall holding various 14 .As they entered，they found a box placed in the center，full of flat balloons The manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up。Then they were asked to write their names on their respective（各自的）balloons 15 so that the balloons wouldnt blow out。All tried，but

8、not everyone was 16 。Five balloons blew out due to pressure（压力).Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were 17 out of the game。As a result，25 engineers came to the next level.All the balloons carrying their names were 18 and then put into a room，here and there。The engineers were told t

9、o pick the balloon with his or her name on,All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush.It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to 19 the right one.The second level of the game was over。Then came the final level。the engineers were asked to pick any balloon and give

10、 it to person named on the balloon。Within a couple of minutes,all balloons 20 the hands of the respective engineers。The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem.Many times in our life，sharing and helping others give us real solutions to problems。13。A。game B.show C。concert D。patry

11、14.A。purposes B。suggestions C。thoughts D。plans 15。A.quietly B。carefully C.secretly D。clearly 16。A.bonest B.ready C。patient D.succeesful 17。A。checked B。helped C.ruled D。cleaned 18。A.collected B。weighed C.tied D。cleaned 19.A。mark B。hide C。number D。find 20。A。freed B。reached C。lifted D.hit 阅读理解（共36 分)三、

12、阅读下列短文根据短文内容，从文后各所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。（共26 分,每小题 2分）A Roger：Hi，there！It wasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday。Someofmy friendsandAlan。mycousin，came to celebrate it。Everyone brought me a gift,we playedgames,sang songs andhadabigbirthdaycake.Itwasreally awonderful day！Didyou do anything special last week？Je

13、ssica：Yes，Myclasswere on a school fieldtriplastweek。First,Wewentto theUniversity of North Carolina to learnaboutthe history of its basketball team.Many basketball stars were students there。Then we visited a museum。We learned about howtheplanewas inventedandtook many picturesthere.Sara:Well,I was luc

14、kyenough to gotoaconference（会议)on charity（慈善）last Wednesday。I was excitedto meet a lot of kind people there。One ofthemwas a boynamedRichard.Hespoke at the conferenceabout the charityworkthat he had done in the past few years。Martin:It was adifferentweekthanusual，LastThursday，my school band（乐队）went t

15、o Atlantato perform in a competition.I playedtheviolinandwewon a prize！OnFriday we went to the GeorgiaAquariumandgotto seedifferentkindsofsealife from over the world.Itwas really cool!21.When did Roger have his birthday party？A.Last Wednesday B。last thursday C。Last Friday D。LastSaturday.22Who went o

16、n a school field trip last week？A.Alan。B。Jessica C。Sara D.Richard。23。Martinwent to Atlanta A。speak at a conference B。organizeaparty C。perform in a competition D。visita university B ABeautifulMoment When I wasinhighschool。I worked part time helpingDadsell fruitsand vegetablesatamatket。Oneday，as I was

17、 preparing the fruits。A little boy cameby withhismomand sister。He was about eight years old，andthegirl.five or six.They werelookingthefruits infront of me.I heardthekidssaytotheirmom（in French）,”Theyregood！”I knewitwas French。Because I canspeakand understand it。Then I noticed howmomwaspickingthefrui

18、ts。At first I thought she was really lookingatthefruitsbecauseshewasfacingthem。Butthen I noticed how muchshehadto feel andsmelleach one as shepickedthemout。Andoften asked hersonifit lookedokay,butlookedwayabovewherehisfacewas。Putting what I sawtogether,Iwassure shewasblind。Both of the kids continued

19、 to help their mom pick out the fruits.The son made sure the fruits were not obviously bad，and the daughter handed them to her mom。The woman then felt each one and smiled,and the daughter would put them into their basket.The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out。Their smile a

20、nd gentle manner moved me in a way that never happened before。It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help。Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves，instead of helping their mom pick out fruits as the two kids did.It was great to witness the mo

21、ment，but not so great because I didnt tell the mom how beautiful her children were in their language。this is what I regret to this day。24。The women and her kids came to the market to buy.A.fruits B。vegetables C.candies D。toys 25。According to what he saw,the writer was sure the mother couldn t.A。spea

22、k B。see C。smell D.hear 26。The writer was moved because.A.the mother was brave to face her problems。B。the kids were polite and kind to each other C。the mother was careful in picking out things D.the kids were so willing to help their mother C Some primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with

23、 more green space around。They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain.These differences are associated(关联）with beneficial effects on cognitivefunction（认知功能).This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health.T

24、he study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain.Lifelong exposure(接触）to green space in the living places was recorded using the information on the childrens addresses from birth up through to the time of the study。Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging（MRI)。Working

25、memory and inattentiveness（注意力不集中）were graded with computers。“This is the first study that shows the association between long-term exposure to green space and brain structure.”S ays Dr。Payam Dadvand,the leading researcher of the study，“Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life

26、could result in beneficial structural changes in the brain。”The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain。Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests.Moreover，larger volumes of white a

27、nd grey matter in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness。Exposure to nature has been thought to be necessary for brain development in children。Another study of 2，593 children shows that children in school with more green space have a greater increase in working memo

28、ry and a greater decrease in inattentiveness。Humans are believed to be tied to nature。Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn。Accordingly，green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery，creativity and risk taking。These exercises in turn positively

29、 influence brain development。Dr.Dadvand s study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green spaces on cognitive development，it also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on our health and the benefits of inc

30、reasing greenness in cities.Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations,settings and climates。And researchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space。27.The second paragraph is mainly about.A.how the study was performed B.what was reco

31、rded in the study C。how long the study lasted D。who took part in the study 28。The word“prompt”in paragraph 6 probably means“。A。control B。encourage C。balance D。change 29。What can we learn from the passage?A。Working memory influences white and grey matter in the brain.B。Dr.Dadvand stressed the importa

32、nce of changing the environment。C.Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations outs of Spain.D。Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development。D We often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self improvement powe

33、r。However，theres always something staring at us right under our nose but we dont see it。The only time we think of unlocking our self improvement power is when everything gets worst.When do we realize that we need to change diets?When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us.When do we stop eating c

34、andies and chocolates？When all of our teeth have fallen off。When do we realize that we need to stop smoking?When our lungs have gone bad。We see the warning signs and signals when things get rough and difficult。The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our selfimprovement power is when the

35、whole world is falling apart。We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change,but change becomes more painful when we ignore（忽视)it，Change will happen,like it or hate it.At one point or another。we are all going to finally unlock our self improvement power not because the world says so.But

36、because we realize it s for our own good.Happy people don t just accept change；they embrace（拥抱)it。Unlocking our selfimprovement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are。It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change。Jane always tells everyone that sh

37、e doesnt have the courage to be around groups of people.She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people。Over the years，that is what Jane has believed.Every time a great crowd come，she steps back and locks herself up in a room。Jane not only believes in her story,but lives it！Self-

38、improvement may not be everybody s favorite word,but if we look at things in a different way,we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved。Three sessions in a week at the gym would result in a healthier life。Reading books every d

39、ay would build up knowledge.And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self improvement power will we realize that were beginning to take things light and become happy.30。The writer mentions the three questions in Paragraph 2 to show that。A。we learn our lessons when we experien

40、ce pain。B。we are responsible for the problems we meet。C。life fails us when we get into the wrong way。D。life is a long journey full of ups and downs.31.What is the key to solving Jane s problem？A.She needs to remember why she started.B。She has to know how to get on with people.C。She has to realize sh

41、e is not what she is in her story.D.She needs to understand the importance of confidence。32.The writer probably agrees that.A.the world tells us how to improve ourselves。B。people change when they find it easy to do that。C。welcoming change in life is a drive to become better。D.enjoying the process of

42、 self-improvement makes life simpler。33。Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Is it important to take things light？B。Is it necessary to embrace challenges？C。To hold on to the last moment or to give up?D.To free ourselves out of the box or to stay in it?四、阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题（共

43、10 分，每小题2 分）When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework,you might notice that there is no letter E.Have you ever thought about why that is so？In the A，B,C，D and F grading system，the first four letters are typically considered passing grades。An F in this system simply stands for“fail”.

44、The word“fail”happens to start with the letter F，which seems to leave out the letter E。The factSome schools have U grade for“unsatisfactory”，or I grade for“incomplete”.Even with all this said，we should also point out that E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of lette

45、r grades in the US。The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College.In 1897，they began to use the following grading scale:A：95 100（excellent）B：85 94%(good)C：76 84（fair）D:75（barely passed）E：below 75%（failed）We can see the inclusion of E in

46、stead of F。Gradually，the letter grading system becamemore popular throughout the US。However，many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F.There is no evidence（证据）to really support this，but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mis

47、take E for“excellent。Why do we have letter grades?Well，part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for schools。As the 20th century began，growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger school classrooms。Most teachers at that time thought this new le

48、tter grading system was an easy,fair and clear way to grade students.Today，more and more people argue that letter grades dont fully reflect(反映)studentlearning。However,as teachers try to improve grading methods，many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids,they are familiar（熟悉）and

49、 easy for parents to understand。So while they might not be perfect，the letter grades probably arent going away any time soon.34。what does an F stand for in the A、B、C、DandF grading system？35.when was the letter grading system first used in the US college?36.what is one possible explanation for droppi

50、ng the E grade？37。what did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th century?38。why do many parents still prefer the letter grades today?书面表达（共10 分）五、文段表达(10 分）39。从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50 词的文段写作,文中已给出内容不计入总数所给提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名。假如你是李华，你们学校要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter 参