小学五年级英语语法.pdf

《小学五年级英语语法.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《小学五年级英语语法.pdf（9页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、小学五年级英语语法特殊疑问句表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。常用疑问词：疑问词意思用法What time 什么时间问具体时间，如几点钟Who 谁问人Whose 谁的问主人Where 在哪里问地点What 什么问东西、事物What colour 什么颜色问颜色How old 多大年纪问年纪How many 多少数量（可数名词）问数量How much 多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）一般疑问句如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为一般疑问句：1、看句中有无be 动词，如有，把be 动词提到句首即可。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都没有

2、，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do 还是 does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does（3）把助动词后提到句首。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some 的要考虑是否要用any。一般将来时表示将来将要发生的动作，经常和 tomorrow,next year,the day after tomorrow,the year after the next,in five hours time,etc.表示将来的词联用。结构：主

3、语+助动词 will+动词原形I will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.变疑问句将助动词移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?变否定

4、句在助动词后面加not I will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,I will./No,I will not.Yes,he/she will./No,he/she will not.Yes,he will./No,he will not.特殊疑问句What will you do?现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。构成：主

5、语+be 动词+动词的现在分词+其它成分We are having lunch.He is reading a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.变疑问句将be 动词移到句首Are we having lunch?Is he reading a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimming across the river?变否定句在be 动词后面加not We are not having lunch.He

6、is not reading a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimming across the river.特殊疑问句：what,which,how,where,who,etc.疑问词+动词+主语+现在分词What are you doing?What is she doing?What is the dog doing?没有进行时的动词(必背)表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作1.表示感觉，感官的词see,hear,like,love,want,2.have,has 当”拥有”讲时没有进行

7、时过去式表示过去发生的动作或事件常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday,last night,the day before yesterday,3 days ago,含有 be 动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，am,is 的过去式为was，are 的过去式为were I was at the butcher s.You were a student a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.变疑问句将be 动词移动到句首Were you at the butcher s?Were you a student a y

8、ear ago?Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?变否定句在be 动词后面加not I was not at the butcher s.You were not a student a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes,I was.No,I was not.Yes,you were.No,you were not.Yes,he/she was.No,he/she was not.特殊疑问句：What did you do?(必背)不

9、含有 be 动词的句子，将动词变为过去式I finished my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaurant.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.变疑问句在句首加did，动词变为原型Did you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaurant?Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?变否定句在主语和动词之间加did not I did not finish m

10、y homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaurant.The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,I did.No,I didn t.Yes,he did.No,he didn t.Yes,they did.No,they did not.现在完成时构成：主语+助动词 have,has+过去分词用法：2)表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和 just,usually,already,since 等时间副词连用I have just had lunc

11、h.(饱了，不用再吃了)He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了，不用再喝)They have already had their holiday.(不能再度假了)The boy has already read the book.(已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了)3)询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：Have you finished your homework?Have you been to Beijing?Have he seen the film?4)表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.

12、I have worked for this school for 1 year.5)表示一种经历，经验：去过地方，做过 事情，经历过 事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.Have been to 表示去过，have gone to 表示去了I have been to London.(人已经回来)He has gone to London.(人还在那里)6)表示一种结果，一般不和时间副词联用I have lost my

13、pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型变化：变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not.e.g.Have you lost your pen?I have not lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,I have.No,I have not.特殊疑问句：What have you done?What has he done?一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表示一段

14、时间状语连用错：I ve left Beijing for 3 days.对：I left Beijing 3 days ago.I have been away from being for 3 days.过去完成时用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的那个动作要用过去完成时。结构：had+过去分词After she had finished her homework,she went shopping.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the st

15、ation.After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。1.变疑问句将助动词移到句首Had she finished her homework?2.变否定句在助动词后面加not She hadn t finished her homework.3.肯定回答及否定回答Yes,she had.No,she hadn t.4.特殊疑问句：What had she done?名词这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is 名词复数如何加后缀：各种不同情况变化方法例词一般情况直接加-s book-books bag-bags cat-cats

16、bed-beds 以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾加-es bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches peach peaches glass-glasses 以“辅音字母+y”结尾变 y 为 i,再加-es family-families study-studies 以“f 或 fe”结尾变 f 或 fe 为 v，再加-es knife-knives 不规则名词复数man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-

17、children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese 人称代词和物主代词人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格形容词性形容词性第一人称I（我）me we（我们）us my（我的）our（我们的）第二人称you（你）you you（你们）you your（你的）your（你们的）第三人称he（他）him they（他/她/它们）them his（他的）their（他/她/它们的）she（她）her her（她的）it（它）it it（它的）小学五年级英语重点语法归纳1：first 是序数词，与 the 相连，解释为第一。2：像 first，term，world 作为词组

18、出现时前面要加the。3：all 所有；后面的可数名词用复数形式，be 动词用 are。4：any 一些；用在否定句和一般疑问句中，与some 同义。some 用在肯定句中。5：there be+数词，采用 就近原则。6：a map of China 与 a map of the world 要牢记。7：要用 on the wall，不能用 in the wall。门、窗在墙上才能用in the wall。8：can 后+动词原形。9：play+the+乐器；play+球类；10：like 的用法+可数名词复数形式（指一类的东西）。+this+名词单数。+some+不可数名词。+动词 ing

19、形式（动名词）。11：动词变动名词形式方法：A-直接在动词后面+ing 形式（大多数）。B-以不发音的 e结尾的，要去掉e 后再+ing，比如：dancing，making，riding。C-重读 be 音节，末尾只有一个辅音，须双写末尾的字母后再+ing 如：running，swimming，sitting，putting。12：现在进行时的构成：be 动词+动词 ing 形式。标志：now、look、listen、its time to。13：现在进行时的一般疑问句/问-be 动词+人称+时态（动词ing）答-Yes，he/She/it is/am/are.No，he/She/it isnt/arent/am not.14：用 Are you.?Yes,I am/we are.No,Im not/We arent.15:动词后+人称宾格形式.16：一般现在时的构成：第三人称单数（三单）。要注意：后面的动词+s 或 es。特例：have has do dose gogoes；标志：often，usually。17：有些名词变动词时要变形式，例如：teacher teach；driver drive.