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1、-1-必修一 module1-module6 知识点总结Module1 重点短语:not far from 离 不远information from websites 网上的消息write down my thoughts about it 写下 的想法iave fun 玩的高兴give instructions 给出指示in a fun way 以一种有趣的方式write a desciption of 写下 的描述in other words 换句话说have/make an impression on/upon sb.给某人留下印象take place 发生take part in 参加
2、by oneself 独自at first/the end of/the start of 起先/在 结束时/在 开始时nothing like 与 不同;没有 能比得上be different from 与 不同be impressed with/by 被 所吸引differences beween/among 的差异introduce.to.把 介绍 look foward to doing sth./sth.期望做 /期望 impress sb.with sth.=impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事be simliar to 与 相似be divided int
3、o 被分成 be separated from 被和 分开mind doing sth.介意做 重点句型1.In other words,there are three times as many girls as boys.倍数表达法:A+be/V.+倍数+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B A+be/V.+倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than+B A+be/V.+倍数+the(size,weight,height,width,depth,lengh)+of+B 2.Would you mind if I did.?介意我做.?3.The teacher is a very enth
4、usiastic woman called Ms.Shen.called Ms.Shen 是过去分词作短语定语,修饰 woman.与修饰词之间是被动关系。相当与定语从句:who is called Ms.Shen.通常在分词修饰名词时,若是单个分词,则放在名词之前,若是分词短语则放在名词之后;4.I dont think I will be bored in Ms.Shens class.当主句为I/We think(suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine)+that 从句时,如果从句中带有否定意义,通常把否定词not 转移到主句的动词前。变反义疑问句时,主句
5、的主语为第一人称时,疑问句应与从句的主语和谓语相一致。否则就与主句的主语和谓语一致。e.g.I dont think she will come,will she?You dont think she will come,do you?5.Oh,really?So have I.so+助动词/情态动词/系动词 be+主语表示“(另一事物)也”so+主语+助动词/情态动词/系动词 be 表示对上面情况的肯定。so it is/was with.或者 so its/was the same with.表示当前面的句子是两个分句,或前一句含有两个或两个以上不同类别的谓语动词,或者既含有肯定句又含有否
6、定句时,情况也适用于后者。neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词 be+主语表示.也不.-2-语法要求:一时态1.现在时中的两个体态,一般现在时和现在进行时。1)一般现在时A 构成(动词的变化)主语是第一,二或者复数的时候用动词的原形。主语为单数第三人称的时候,动词加s 或者 es(以原音结尾)。辅音+y 时 把 y 变成 I 再 es.B 用法4 种1 描述经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常与usually,often,always,every day,sometimes,once a month,never,on Mondays 等时间状语连用。2 描述普遍真理和客观存在的事实
7、。3 描述现在时刻发生的动作或存在的状态。4 描述计划、安排好的将来动作。常用于转移动词:go,come,arrive,leave,start,begin 等2)现在进行时。现在进行时常和时间状语连用;now,right now,at this moment,at present 等。a 构成:be+现在分词即:am/is/are+doing b 用法4 种1 表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。2 表示现阶段某动作正在进行,但说话时未必正在进行。3 表示将要发生的动作,常和动词go,come,leave,start,arrive 等连用。4 表示抱怨、厌倦、赞叹等感情色彩。与always,
8、constantly,continually,forever,usually 等副词连用。二:-ed 分词,-ing 分词做定语和表语的区别Module 2 重点短语:on time 按时make sure 确保,保证fall a sleep 睡觉make progress 取得进步at present 目前do well in 擅长take a look 看一看do ones best 尽力make notes 做笔记in fact 事实上be true of 对 适用as a result 结果wave ones hands about/around 挥手result in 导致,造成re
9、sult from 源于 first impression 第一印象avoid doing sth.避免做某事hate doing sth.讨厌做某事admint doing sth.承认做某事practise doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事imagine doing 想像做某事用法经典例词-ed 分词描述人bored,embarrassed,disappointed,interested,amazed,tired,excited,-ing 分词描述物boring,embarrassing,disappointing,intresting,amazin
10、g,tiring,exciting,-3-have problem/trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难have problem/trouble/difficulty with sth.在某事上有困难appreciate doing sth.感激做某事I would appreciate it if.我很感激如果be patient with sb.对某人有耐心be patient of sth.对某事有耐心consider doing sth.考虑做某事consider.as/to be 把 看作 prefer sth.喜欢某事prefer to do
11、 sth.喜欢做某事prefer A to B 喜欢 A 胜过 B prefer to do A rather than do B 喜欢做 而不喜欢做 would rather do A rather do B 喜欢做 而不喜欢做 Would do A rather than do B 喜欢做 而不喜欢做 would rather sb.did/had done 宁愿某人去做 重点句型1.Physics will never be my favourite lesson,but I think Ill do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.
12、with Mrs Chen teaching me 通常被称为with 的复合结构。在句子中多做状语。with 的复合结构:with+宾语+V-ing(宾语与动词是主动关系)With the old man leading the way,I can easily find his house.with+宾语+V-ed(宾语与动词是被动关系)With the work finished,I can now watch TV.with+宾语+to do(动作还未发生)With a lot of work to do,I have to stay up tonight.2.She is kind
13、and patient,and she explains English grammar so clearly taht even I can understand it.形容词+a/an+名词(可数名词单数)So+many/few+名词(可数名词复数)+that much/little+名词(不可数名词)表示“如此 以致于”a/an+形容词+名词(可数名词单数)Such+形容词+名词(可数名词复数)+that 形容词+名词(不可数名词)语法要求:1、有些动词后面只能跟动词的ing形式。如 hate,admit,appreciate,avoid,enjoy,imagine,consider,p
14、ractise.Module 3 重点短语:be short for 是 的缩写be short of 缺乏 in the 1990s/1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代more than 超过more than+数词:超过more than+名词:不仅仅,不只是more than+形容词/副词:非常-4-out of date 过时的,不流行的up to date 时尚的,流行的at a speed of 以 的速度reach a speed of达到 的速度attend the opening ceremony出席开幕式all the time 一直,总是play with 与 玩fr
15、om.to.从 到supply sb.with sth.给某人提供某物supply sth.to sb.把某物提供给某人provide sb.with sth.给某人提供某物provide sth for sb.把某物提供给某人offer sb.sth.提供某人某物offer sth.to sb.把某物给某人offer sb.sth.for.为 提供某人某物allow sb.to do 同意某人做某事allow doing sth.同意做某事allow sb.Sth.同意某人某事refer to 查阅,涉及到be used to do 被用来做某事be/get used to doing/n.
16、习惯于used to do 过去常常be used as 被用作be used to for 被用来做某事重点句型And what a ride!一次多么美妙的旅行啊!感叹句的基本结构What 引导的感叹句:What a/an+形容词+名词(单数可数名词)+主语+谓语!What+形容词+名词(复数可数名词)+主语+谓语!What+形容词+名词(不可数名词)+主语+谓语!How 引导的感叹句:How+形容词/副词+a/an 名词(单数可数名词)+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!How+主语+谓语!e.g.How dangerous the fish is!How lovely a
17、boy he is!How time flies!光阴似箭!语法要求:一:动词的过去分词作表语和定语二:一般过去时用法:基本用法在初中已经总结过,在此补充一些常与一般过去时连用的时间状语。如:recently,during the day,one night,a long time ago,until the 1920 s,for many years等。Module 4 重点短语:by the seacide 在海滨on the coast 在海边put up 建起,搭起;张贴business district 商业区shopping malls 购物中心walk around 四处走走go
18、 up(价格等)上涨make money 挣钱figth to survive 费力求生pay back 偿还feel/be fortunate(in)doing sth/to do sth.感到幸运做某事bother sb.with/about sth.因某事烦扰某人-5-bother to do sth.特意做,不怕麻烦做某事stay in contanct with 与 保持联系make contact with 与 取得联系lost contact with 与 失去联系reamin to be done 有待于被 exchange sth.with sb.for sth.拿某物和某人
19、换某物cant afford sth./to do sth.买不起 ,支付不起做 get away from 摆脱 ,离开 重点句型1.Whats.like?How do you like.?怎么样?How do you find.?2.It s been six years since we last saw each other.It is/has been+一段时间+since+过去式(短暂性动词)自从 至今已经多久了.It is/has been+一段时间+since+过去式(延续性动词)自从不做.至今已经多久了.若主句为was,则 since 从句中用过去完成时。3.This is
20、the first time I ve visited your hometown.表示“这是某人第几次做某事”,常用 This/It is the first/second/last time that 这个句型。that 常省略.主句用is,从句使用现在完成时.主句用 was,从句用过去完成时.4.for the first time&the first time for the first time:一般用作时间状语,e.g:I was invited to the party for the first time.the first time 可作为连词用法,引导状语从句,意“第一次
21、的时候”,如:The first time I saw her,I liked her at once.5.a nice little fish restaurant 名词前有多个形容词修饰的话,其顺序为:限定词(a,the,those.)+描绘性形容词(beautiful,important.)+大小、高低、长短、宽窄等形容词(big,long,high.)+表示形状的形容词(round.)+表示颜色的形容词(red,green.)+国籍,地区+物质材料+用途+名词语法要求:一:时态:现在完成时用法Module 5 重点短语:think of 想到,想起,put sth.in order 按
22、顺序整理/摆放at the top 在顶部at the botttom 在底部keep.out of 使 不进入do/make an experiment 做实验make disvovery 作出发现be proud of 以 自豪/骄傲take pride in 感到自豪be supposed to do 理应,应当at least 至少aim at 目标是aim to 目的在于in turns 轮流follow ones instuctions 听从某人的指示-6-react with 和 反应react on/upon 对 有影响,起作用react to 对 有反应react again
23、st 反对,反抗add to 增添,增加add.to.把 加到 里add up 加起来add up to 合计为,总数为重点句型:1.Leave the tube for one week.leave+宾语+宾补(形容词,名词,副词等)“使 处于”E.g.Leave the window open.Leave the girl an orphan(孤儿)Leave the light on.Leave the work unfinished.2.Here is a table with the metals that react most on the top,and the metals r
24、eact least at the bottom.句子是以here,there,out,in,up,down,away,now,then 等副词开头,如果主语是名词,常用全部倒装结构,即把谓语动词提到主语之前。若主语为代词,则只把副词提前,主谓语序不变。E.g.Here comes a car.Here he comes.3.Two-thirds of the earths surface is water.当分数(百分数)+of+名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of 后的名词或代词的单复数。若名词或代词是单数,则动词用单数。反之则用复数。4.倍数表达法 A+be/V.+倍数+as
25、+adj./adv.原级+as+B as.as 中间加入名词的句式倍数+as+形容词+a/an+单数名词+as 倍数+as+形容词+名词复数/不可数名词+as A+be/V.+倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than+B 倍数+形容词比较级+名词+than.A+be/V.+倍数+the(size,weight,height,width,depth,lengh)+of+B 注意下面这两种说法:(1)倍数+what 从句The length of the road is three times what it was two years ago.(2)倍数+that of+被比较对象Airmail
26、 charges twice or three times that of a normal mail.语法要求:一:初中比较级用法回顾二:比较级之倍数表达法1.倍数可用 half(一半),double(两倍),twice(l 两倍),times(若干倍)等词表示,具体用法如下:a.倍数+as+形容词+asb.倍数+形容词的比较级+thanc.倍数+the size(length,width,height,depth)of 2.“比较级+and+比较级”结构(两个同义形容词的比较级),表示“越来越”的意思。-7-3.“the+比较级+the+比较级”结构,表示“越,就越”的意思。4.在形容词比
27、较级前可用:a little,a bit,a lot,rather,no,any,(very)much,far,even,still,yet 等副词来修饰。Module 6 重点短语:click on 点击log on/off 登录/退出consist of 由 组成consist in 在于consist with 与 一致as well 也be/become known as 作为 而出名in ones opinion 在某人看来go down 下降come up with 提出in that case 如果那样communicate with 与 交流concentrate on 聚精会
28、神 compared with 与 相比from that moment on 从那一刻起point out 指出take out 去掉,省略instead of 代替,而不是agree with 同意work as 作为 at the moment 此时此刻for the moment 暂时the moment+从句一 就重点单词:contain/include 两个词都有“包含,含有”的意思。用法区别(1)contain V.作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内。前后名词一般不同类。How much does this bottle contain?(2)include V.侧重于作为整体的一部
29、分而被包含进去。前后名词一般为同类的人或物。The book includes a revision module.including/included including prep.常用句型:including+名词/代词included adj.常用句型:名词/代词+included Access n.接近,进入,通路,接近(或进入)的方法(或权利)固定结构:have access to.有使用或见到 的机会或权利e.g.We have access to the clean drinking water.重点句型:1.feel/think/make it+形容词+(for sb.)to do 感觉/认为/使某事对某人来说(容易 困难等)2.Barners-Lee bulit his first computer while he was at university using an old television!本句中,using an old television 是动词的-ing 形式充当方式状语。3.语法要求:1.合成词2.现在分词短语作状语
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