初二英语下册知识点归纳(新人教版)(.pdf

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1、版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结Unti1 whats the matter?短语归纳1.too much 太多2.lie down 躺下3.get an X-ray 做个 X 光检查4.take one s temperature 量体温5.put some medicine on.在.上敷药6.have a fever 发烧7.take breaks/take a break 休息8.without thinking twice 没多想9.get off 下车10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院11.wait for 等待12.to one s surpris

2、e 使.惊讶的thanks to 多亏于；由于14.in time 及时15.think about 考虑16.have a heart problem 患有心脏病17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦18.do the right thing 做正确的事情事情19.fall down 摔倒20.put.on sth 把.放在某物上21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤22.be interested in 对.感兴趣23.be used to 习惯于.24.take risks/take a risk 挑战25.lose one s life 失去生命26.b

3、ecause of 因为27.run out of 用完28.cut off 切除29.get out of 从.出来30.make a decision/decisions 做决定31.be in control of 掌管；管理32.give up 放弃用法归纳1.need to do sth.需要去做某事2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事5.agree to do sth 想要做某事6.help sb(to)do sth 帮助某人做某事7.want to do sth 想

4、要做某事8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事9.have problems(in)doing sth 做某事有困难10.use sth to do sth 用某物去做某事11.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事12.seem to do sth 好像做某事13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事14.mind doing sth 介意做某事语法点1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2.情态动词should 的用法情态动词should 的用法表示劝告与建议，也表义务与责任第一人称问句中，征询建议要记清3.不定代词的用法相关阅读方法推

5、理判断阅读法精细解读1.What s the matter(with you)?怎么了？出什么事了？Whats the trouble/the problem/wrong with sb./sth.?2.I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu have a fever have a cough咳嗽have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼have a toothache牙疼have a headache头疼3.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache

6、=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 后背痛4.much too+词，意为，too much+词，意为。5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在 名前后，形副后。good enough 足够好，enough money=money money 6.lie down 躺下，lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie 说谎，过去式lied 7.maybe“或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He

7、may be angry.8.sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don t know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.9.need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes nee

8、d washing.10.get off(the bus)下（公交车）get on 上车11.agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事，同意某人的看法、观点。12.trouble 问题，麻烦；be in trouble，make trouble，have trouble(in)doing sth.=have difficulties(in)doing sth。13.right away=right now=at once，意为。14.【复习】advice 不可数名词 劝告，建议，向征求意见，give sb.advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；advise 动词 advise sb.to d

9、o sth.advise sb.doing sth.15.【复习】exercise 动词意为，可数时意为，不可数时意为。16.hurt 及物动词，使 疼痛，受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.不及物动词，（部位）疼。His leg hurt badly.17.clean【动词】，clean the classroom，【形容词】，cleaner 意为。18.hit（用手或器具）打；击打The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb.on the head/nose/back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打较硬的部位；h

10、it sb.in the face/eye/stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打较软的部位。19.be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.get/become used to sth./doing sth.“变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作：It s difficult for one to get used to another country s h

11、abit.20.【复习】free 形容词 空闲的 free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的 I want to become a free bird.free【动词】使 解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm.21.run out 用完，用尽When his water run out,he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物 sth.tun out.某物用尽了。人 sb.run out of 物 sth.人用尽了某物。He run out o

12、f all his money last night.22.risk(sb.)to do sth.冒险去做某事take a risk=take risks 冒险23.the importance of(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性We students should know the importance of(learning)English.importance n.重要（性），important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.24.decision【名词】决定；抉择；make a decision make a decision to do sth.=。25.

13、be in the control of 掌管，管理The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control 无法控制，无法管理be under control 被控制住，在控制之中26.【复习】mind 意为，mind doing sth.,Would you mind my opening the window?27.give up(doing)sth.放弃（做）某事，give up(playing)computer games；give up 后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如Never giv

14、e up easily.二、重要短语1.have a cold 2.have a stomachache 3.see sb.do sth.4.shout for help 5.expect(sb.)to do sth.6.to one s surprise7.thanks to 8.think about9.be interested in sth.10.lose one s life11.save one s life12.take a risk=take risks 13.cut off 14.keep on doing sth三、重点语法【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意

15、和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myself yourself himself herself itself 复数ourselves yourselves themselves【用法】1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：Maria bought herself a scarf.We must look after ourselves very well.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如：She isn t quite herself today.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强

16、语气。如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.I met the writer himself last week.4.用在某些固定短语当中。如：look after oneself/take care of oneself 照顾自己teach oneself sth./learn sth.by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快help oneself to sth 请自用 （随便吃/喝些 ）.hurt oneself 摔伤自己say to oneself 自言自语leave sb.by oneself 把某人单独留

17、下buy oneself sth.给自己买 东西introduce oneself 介绍 自己【提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myself can finish my homework.(正)I myself can finish my homework./I can finish my homework myself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用ones own.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I m drawing with myself c

18、rayons.(正)I m drawing with my own crayons.【练习】1.My classmate,Li Ming,made a card for _ just now.2.Bad luck!I cut _ with a knife yesterday.3.They tell us they can look after_ very well.4.My cat can find food by_.5.Help _to some beef,boys.6.Jenny enjoyed_ in the park yesterday afternoon.7.We can finis

19、h our homework by_.8.The blind girl lost_ in the beautiful music.9.Xiao Hui,can you introduce _ to us?10.Bill wants to teach_ French from now on.Unit 2 Ill help to clean the city parks 短语归纳1.clean up 打扫干净2.cheer up（使）变得更高兴；振奋起来3.give out 分发4.used to 曾经.；过去.5.give away 赠送；捐赠6.set up 建立；设立7.make a dif

20、ference e up with 想出9.put off 推迟10.put up 张贴11.call up 打电话给12.help out 帮助.摆脱困难13.care for 照顾；照看14.give up 放弃15.try out for 参加选拔e true 实现17.run out of 用光18.take after 与.相像19.fix up 修理20.be similiar to 与.相似用法归纳1.need to do sth 需要做某事2.make plan to do sth 制定计划做某事3.ask sb(not)to do sth 要求某人（不要）做某事4.used

21、to do sth 过去常常做某事5.give up+时间+to do sth 放弃时间做某事6.get a feeling of.有.感觉7.decide to do sth 决定做某事8.help sb(to)do sth 帮助某人做某事9.make a difference to 对.产生影响10.make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的单元课文出现的好句子1.We need to come up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up.我们要相处一个计划来告诉

22、人们关于这个城市公园清洁日的事。2.We can t put off making a plan.我们不能推迟制定计划了3.We could put up signs.我们可以张贴标志牌。拓展链接动词+副词短语cheer up 使高兴起来clean up 打扫干净put up 张贴mix up 修理give away 赠送give out 分发give up 放弃use up用光get up 起床hand in 上交put off 推迟pick up 捡起think over 仔细思考turn down 关小音量set up 建立 set off 出发look out 小心动词+介词短语loo

23、k after 照顾belong to 属于take after 与.相像hear from 收到.来信hear of 听说pay for 支付wait for 等待动词+副词+介词短语get out of 避免come up with 想出 catch up with 追上赶上look forward to 期待盼望go on with 继续动词+名词短语have a rest 休息一下take a walk 散步make mistakes 犯错have a try 试一下take place 发生tell a lie 撒谎 make a decision 做决定动词+名词+介词短语have

24、 a look at 看一看make a friend with 与.交朋友have a word with 与.交谈have a drink of 喝一点pay attention to 注意make fun of 取笑Be+形容词+介词短语be late for 迟到be angry with 生气be fond of 喜欢 be good at 擅长be good for 对.有好处be short of 缺乏 be similiar to 与.相似be strict with 对.严格要求be pound of 骄傲 自豪语法点动词不定式归纳只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词决心学会有希望（d

25、ecide,learn,wish,hope）同意计划莫假装（agree,plan,pretend）忘记拒绝会失望（forget,refuse,fail）准备设法来帮忙（prepare,try,manage,help）提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford）记得阻止理应当（remember stop,be supposed）相关阅读方法词义猜测阅读法习题链接1.-Tom failed the exam again-Sorry to hear that.We should do something to.A.cheer him up B.cheer on him C.cheer him

26、on D.cheer uo him 2.The boys volunteer three hours up the park near their school.A.cleaning B.to clean C.cleaned D.with cleaning 3.The woman in red a teacher.She works in a hospital now.A.used to be B.is used to be C.was used to be D.is 4.The old man lives,but he doesn t feel.A.alone;alone B.lonely;

27、lonely C.lonely;alone D.alone;lonely 5.Tina,I have something important you.A.telling B.tells C.tell D.to tell 6.-The old man all his money to a charity.A.took away B.put away C.went away D.gave away 7.We all feel after hear of the news.A.excited;exciting B.exciting;exciting C.excited;exciting D.exci

28、ting;excited Unit3 Could you please clean your room?短语归纳1.do the dishes 洗餐具2.take out the trash 倒垃圾3.go out 外出4.stay out 呆在外面；不在家5.help out 帮助做完某事6.at least 至少7.throw down 扔下8.all the time 一直；反复9.in surprise 惊讶地10.as soon as 一.就.11.spend.on.在.花费（时间、金钱、精力）12.in order to 为了13.provide sth for sb 向某人提供某

29、物14.depend on 依赖；信赖15.look after 照顾；照看16.keep it clean and tidy 保持干净整洁17.get into 进入18.take care of 照顾19.as a result 结果用法归纳1.finish doing sth 做完某事2.want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事3.try(not)to do sth 尽力（不）做某事4.let sb do sth 让某人做某事5.spend.(in)doing sth 花费.做某事6.mind doing sth 介意做某事7.learn to do sth 学习做某事8.le

30、arn how to do sth 学习怎样做某事9.The+比较级，the+比较级越.，就越.语法点情态动词could 的用法表示请求与准许，could 委婉有礼貌；表示能力会不会，could 只把过去表表示怀疑不相信，could 缓和情绪弱推测可能用could,虚拟语气也常用相关阅读方法细节阅读法Unit 4 why dont you talk to your parents?短语归纳1.too much 太多（修饰不可数名词）2.hang out 闲逛3.too many 太多（修饰可数名词复数）4.get into a fight 争吵5.call sb up 给某人打电话6.talk

31、 about 谈论7.look through 浏览8.give back 归还9.be angry with sb 生某人的气10.a big deal 重要的事情11.work out 解决；算出12.get on with sb 与某人和睦相处municate with sb 与某人交流14.be worried about 担心.15.be afraid of 害怕.16.in front of 在.前面17.not.any more 不再.18.so much/many 那么多pete with sb 与某人竞争20.cut out 删除；删去21.all kinds of 各种各样

32、pare.with.比较；对比23.in one s opinion 依.看24.turn down 调小用法归纳1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事2.why don t you do sth?为什么不做某事呢？3.why not do sth?为什么不做某事呢？4.find sb doing sth 发现某人在做某事5.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事6.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事7.let sb do sth 让某人做某事8.offer to do sth 主动提供做某事9.not.until.直到.才.10.it s time t

33、o do sth 该做某事了11.it+adj+to do sth 做某事是.的12.keep on doing sth 继续做某事13.what do you think of.?你认为.怎么样？语法点1.Why don t you+V.?等提出建议的句型及常用的答语2.连词 until,so that 以及 although 引导的状语从句相关阅读方法主谓一致法-完形填空Unit5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came?短语归纳1.wait for 等待2.look for 寻找3.go off(闹铃）发出声音4.take a shower

34、 洗澡5.pick up 接电话；捡起6.make sure 确信；务必7.have fun 玩的开心8.fall asleep 入睡；睡觉9.die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失10.wake up 醒来；叫醒11.in a mess 乱七八糟12.in time of difficulty 在困难时期13.take photos 照相14.turn on 打开15.make one s way 行走；前行16.in silence 沉默地；无声地17.take down 摧毁；拆卸；记下18.tell the truth 说实话19.point out 指出20.go away 消失21.

35、as well 也21.call out 喊出用法归纳1.be busy doing sth/be busy with sth 忙于（做）某事2.see sb/sth doing sth 看见某人或某物正在做某事3.begin/start to do sth 开始做某事4.try to do sth 努力去做某事5.have trouble（in）doing sth 做某事又困难语法点过去进行时过去进行最好记，was/were+doing 特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段肯定主语在句首，一般问句Be 提前否定句式更简单，Be 后只把 not 添相关阅读方法1.词义辨析法2.题目和中心句理解法Un

36、it 6 An old man tried to move the mountains 短语归纳1.work on 从事2.as soon as 一.就.3.take.away 拿走，带走4.a good way to do sth 做某事的好方法5.a little bit 一点儿6.once upon a time 从前7.at other times 平时；有时8.turn.into.变成e out 出现，出版，结果是10.get married 结婚11.fall in love with sb 爱上某人12.open up打开13.be born 出生14.think of ways

37、 想出方法15.all over the world 全世界16.make a plan to do sth 制定计划做某事17.along the way 沿路18.be lost 迷路19.find out 找出20.learn about 了解用法归纳1.try to do sth 设法做某事2.finish doing sth 完成做某事3.continue to do sth 继续做某事4.make sb do sth 让某人做某事5.keep doing sth 一直做某事6.instead of doing sth 代替做某事7.be able to sth 能够做某事8.It

38、takes/took.to do sth 花费.做某事9.have no time to do sth 没有时间做某事10.become interested in doing sth 对做某事感兴趣11.can t stop doing sth 禁不住做某事12.hear sb doing sth 听到某人正在做某事13.lead sb to somewhere 引导某人到某处14.leave sth at/in somewhere 把某物遗忘在某地15.show sb sth 向某人展示某物语法点1.unless 引导的条件状语从句2.so.that.引导的结果状语从句3.as soon

39、as 引导的时间状语从句相关阅读方法上下文暗示法和文体归类法Unit7 whats the highest mountain in the world?短语归纳1.take in 吸入；吞入2.in the face of 面对（问题；困难）3.at birth 出生时4.as you can see 正如你所看到的5.as far as I know 据我所知6.up to 直到7.prepare.for.为.准备.8.fall over 摔倒9.die from 死于.10.cut down 砍到11.take care of 照顾；照看12.or so 大约；左右13.in danger

40、 处于危险之中用法归纳1.any other+名次单数其他任何一个.2.feel free to ask sb sth on.就.随意问某人某事3.one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数最.的.之一4.what s the+形容词最高级+名词in the world?世界上最.的.是什么？5.protect.from/against.保护.使不受；防御6.succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事7.teach sb about sth 教某人有关.内容8.send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事9.There be sb/sth doing.有某人/物正在做某

41、事语法点1.数词hundred,thousand,million,billion 的用法2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法比较级变化规则比较等级要变化，一般词尾加-er 词尾若有哑音e，直接加r 就可以一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写辅音字母加y 结尾，要把y 改 i 加 er 相关阅读方法固定搭配Unit8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?短语归纳1.be full of 充满2.grow up 长大3.put.down.4.at least 至少5.hurry up 赶快6.bring back to sw 带回到某地7.not long after t

42、hat 之后不久8.more than 超出9.in the middle of 在.中间10.fight over 与.争吵；争斗11.think about 考虑e to realize 逐渐意识到13.ever since then 从那时起14.a kind of 一种15.such as 例如16.belong to 属于17.find out 找出；查出18.at the end of the day 在一天结束的时候19.be famous for 因为.而出名20.the mark of.的印痕21.leave behind 遗忘；留下22.full of feeling 充满

43、感情23.the importance of money and success 金钱和成功的重要性用法归纳1.finish doing sth 完成做某事2.arrive at/in sw 到达某地3.learn to do sth 学习做某事4.see sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事5.name sb sth 给某人取名为.6.teach sb sth 教某人某事7.use sth to do 用某物做某事8.love to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事9.can t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事10.be kind to sb 对某人友好11.hop

44、e to do sth 希望做某事12.have time to do sth 有时间做某事13have nothing to do 没什么事情可做语法点现在完成时相关阅读方法逻辑推理法Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum?短语归纳1.have a great time 玩的开心2.put up 搭建；支起3.in such a rapid way 用如此快速的方式4.be able to do sth 能够做某事5.a couple of 少数；几个6.take a ride 兜风7.on the other hand 一方面8.more than 多于；

45、超过9.three quarters 四分之三10.whether.or.不管.还是.11.wake up 醒来12.all year round 一年到头，终年13.close to 靠进用法归纳1.a great way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法2.watch sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事3.It s un believable that.很难相信.4.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事5.have problem(in）doing sth 做某事很费劲6.As.as.和.一样7.the best time to do sth 做某事的

46、最佳时间8.choose to do sth 选择做某事9.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事语法点现在完成时区分：have been to 和 have gone to 相关阅读方法前后意义照应法Unit10 Iv had this bike for three years 短语归纳1.haw long 多长，多长时间2.have a yard sale 举行庭院拍卖会3.give away 捐赠；赠送4.not.anymore 不再.5.welcome to.欢迎到.6.check out 察看；观察7.clear out 收拾，整理8.at first 起初9.no lo

47、nger 不再；不复10.as for.至于.11.a train and railway set 一套轨道火车12.to be honest 说实在的13.search for 寻找14.across from 在.对面15.according to 依据；按照16.In one s opinion 依.看17.in order to 为了用法归纳1.It s+adj（+for sb)+to do sth(对某人来说）做某事是.2.decide to do sth 决定做某事3.have been in+地点 在某处待了多久5.hope to do sth 希望做某事7.one of+the

48、+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V 单数最.的.之一是.8.used to do sth 过去常常做某事9.need to do sth 需要做某事语法点现在完成时1.since 和 for 引导状语的区别2.延续性动词和瞬间动词瞬间动词转为为延续动词表Borrow-keep buy-have catch a cold-have a cold put on-wear get to know-know Get to sleep-sleep begin/start-be on go out-be out get to/arrive/reach-be(in)Die-be dead open-be open leave-be away finish-be over fall ill-be ill Join-be in/be a member of fall asleep-be asleep make friends-be friends Come/go-be+相应的介词close-be close go to bed-be in bed get up-be up 相关阅读方法主旨大意理解法全书语法大归纳1.反身代词2.情态动词 should 和 could 的用法3.过去进行时4.现在完成时5.动词不定式6.状语从句