现代大学英语Unit-3-message-of-the-land--课文详解.ppt

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1、现代大学英语Unit-3-message-of-the-land-课文详解Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study1.forefathernn.a.(usu.pl.)the people,especially men,n who were part of your family a long n time ago in the past n b.someone in the past who did n something important that influences n your life today Synonyms ance

2、stor forerunnerOppositesdescendantoffspringTo be continued on the next page.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord StudynExamples:What would our forefathers have thought?Several of his forefathers emigrated to America.Two hundred years ago our forefathers established this nation.Lesson 3-Messag

3、e of the LandSentence Paraphrase 1Sentence Paraphrase 1My husband moved into our houses as is the way with us in Esarn.(1)(When we got married)my husband came to live in our house.It was the tradition here in Esarn that the bridegroom should come to live with the brides family.“As”introduces a defin

4、ing relative clause and functions as its subject,representing what is stated in the main clause.go to 2ExamplesLesson 3-Message of the LandSentence ParaphraseSentence Paraphrase1.As is known to all,Taiwan belongs to China.(assubject of the clause)2.As is often the case,girls learn a language more qu

5、ickly than boys.(assubject of the clause)back to 1Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study2.infancynn.a.early childhoodn b.early stage of development or growth nExamples:In the past,many children died in infancy.He came to England in his infancy.The research stretched from the infancy of ra

6、dio broadcasting through to today.Genetic engineering is still in its infancy.a.infantilen.infantWord formationsLesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study3.affordn n v.a.to have enough money/time to do sth.n b.(with can/could)to run a risk by doing n sth.n c.(fml.)to provide;giveClassify the

7、following words into 3 groups according to a,b and c.afford a new car afford this high priceafford the rent afford a clue to afford a chance afford a pleasant shade(cant)afford to neglect ones workaaccc bbLesson 3-Message of the LandSentence Paraphrase 2Sentence Paraphrase 2The rest,two boys and two

8、 girls,went away as soon as we could afford to buy jeans for them.(1)Our other childrentwo boys and two girlsleft as soon as we had the money to buy them jeans.to have enough money to doappositive of“the rest”go to 3 the remaining people;the othersExamplesLesson 3-Message of the LandSentence Paraphr

9、aseSentence Paraphrase1.Your father,a proud and unbending man,refused all help that was offered him.2.Playing football,his only interest in life,brought him many friends.3.A dry lightning storm,that is,a thunderstorm without rain,started a fire in a remote part of the forest in August.back to 2Lesso

10、n 3-Message of the Land n now and again;occasionallynExamples:Now and then we heard shots in the woods.He loses his temper now and then,but not often.I hear from him every now and then.1.now and thenPhrases with similar structurePhrases and ExpressionsPhrases and ExpressionsTo be continued on the ne

11、xt page.Lesson 3-Message of the Land here and there up and down ups and downs the ins and outs back and forth 处处，到处处处，到处 上上下下，起伏地，来回地，详尽地上上下下，起伏地，来回地，详尽地 盛衰，浮沉盛衰，浮沉 种种复杂详情种种复杂详情 来来回回地来来回回地Translation Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study 4.bullynv.a.to threaten to hurt someone or frighte

12、n n them,especially someone smaller or n weaker n b.to put pressure on someone in order to n make them do what you want nExamples:The child was bullied almost out of its life.Dont let them bully you into working on Saturdays.More meaningsTo be continued on the next page.a local bully play the bully

13、a bully idea a bully good dinner Bully for you!bullyboy bullyLesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord StudyTranslation 土豪土豪横行霸道，恃强欺弱横行霸道，恃强欺弱绝妙的主意绝妙的主意极其丰盛的饭菜极其丰盛的饭菜干得好！干得好！(受人雇佣且尤指与政治受人雇佣且尤指与政治集团有关的）流氓，打手集团有关的）流氓，打手Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Studynv.to offend someone by saying o

14、r doing n something they think is rude nExamples:I hope Andy wont be insulted if I dont come.She insulted him by calling him a coward.You insult my intelligence with your crude methods!(=to say or do something that suggests you think someone is stupid)5.insultn.insulta.insultingn.insulterWord format

15、ionsLesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Studyn v.a.to make a small hole with a sharp pointn b.(of cold,pain,sound)to force a way into n c.to force a way through somethingnExamples:She had her ears pierced in order to be able to wear earrings.Her shrieks pierced the silence.Her memories somet

16、imes pierced her heart.Our forces pierced through the enemys lines.6.piercea.pierceda.piercingWord formationsLesson 3-Message of the LandSentence Paraphrase 3Sentence Paraphrase 3Its easier for my husband.He has ears which dont hear,a mouth which doesnt speak,and eyes that dont see.(2)News about my

17、childrens problems doesnt make my husband as sad as me.He doesnt bother about what is happening around us and to our children.He never says anything about them.restrictive relative clausego to 4 parallel structureLesson 3-Message of the Land n to take care of ones nExamples:Will you mind my bag whil

18、e I buy my ticket?I was minding my own work when he rushed in.My father was just driving along,minding his own business,when suddenly a brick came through the window.2.mind ones own Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions“mind”phrases To be continued on the next page.Lesson 3-Message of the L

19、and mind ones own business mind ones own ps and qs mind ones manners mind your footing mind your back Mind how you go.别管闲事别管闲事 注意举止言行注意举止言行 注意举止行为注意举止行为 小心，站稳了小心，站稳了 当心；让开当心；让开（道别时说）您慢走。（道别时说）您慢走。Translation Lesson 3-Message of the LandSentence Paraphrase 4Sentence Paraphrase 4nHe has always been pa

20、tient and silent,minding his own life.(2)go to 5present participle phrase functioning as adverbial of accompanying circumstancestake care of;attend to Hes always been patient and talks little.He just does his duty and carries on his life.Lesson 3-Message of the Land n without being affected or preve

21、nted by n somethingnExamples:But in spite of the hardships,real efforts and progress are being made.We went out in spite of the rain.Kelly loved her husband in spite of the fact that he drank too much.3.in spite ofPhrases and ExpressionsPhrases and ExpressionsSimilar expressionsregardless ofdespiteW

22、ord formationsLesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Studyna.a.(of land,plants)producing muchq b.(of a person,his mind)full of q ideas,plansn c.a fertile situation is one in which n something can easily develop and n succeed 7.fertilen.fertilityv.fertilizen.fertilizera.fertilizablea.infertileTo

23、 be continued on the next page.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Studyn nExamples:This shrub likes sun and water as well as a fertile well-drained soil.a fertile imagination/mind/brain He is always fertile in new plans.That period had made the city a fertile news ground for freelancers suc

24、h as myself.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study8.bleednv.a.to lose blood,esp.because of an injuryn b.to force someone to pay an unreasonable n amount of money over a period of timenExamples:Tragically,she bled to death.A deep cut on her wrist was bleeding profusely/heavily.Marcia bled

25、him for every penny he had.The soldiers are ready to bleed for their country.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study9.replacen v.a.to take the place ofn b.to get a new one for sth.broken or stolenn c.to put back in its placenExamples:Lectures have replaced the old tutorial system.Ill repla

26、ce the vase I broke as soon as possible.He replaced the book on the shelf.a.replaceablen.replacementWord formationsLesson 3-Message of the LandSentence Paraphrase 5Sentence Paraphrase 5nOur piece of land is small,and it is no longer fertile,bleeding year after year and,like us,getting old and exhaus

27、ted.(3)personificationOur land is getting poorer with each passing year,like us who are getting old,weak and tired.present participle phrases functioning as a causego to 6ExamplesLesson 3-Message of the LandSentence ParaphraseSentence Paraphrase1.They sent us their statement,hoping to get our suppor

28、t.2.They went on with their struggle,thinking theirs was a just cause.3.Not having received an answer,he decided to write another letter to them.4.The doctor,not wishing to make her nervous,did not fully explain the seriousness of her condition.back to 5Present participle phrases act as adverbials o

29、f cause.Lesson 3-Message of the LandSentence Paraphrase 6Sentence Paraphrase 6n but in a bad year,its not only the ploughs that break but our hearts too.(3)but when there is a drought,the land is so hard that the ploughs break.And we become very,very sad.emphatic structurego to 7zeugma:“break”govern

30、s both“ploughs”and“hearts”.ExamplesLesson 3-Message of the LandSentence Paraphrase Sentence Paraphrase 1.It was the policeman that/who caught a pickpocket on No.933 bus yesterday.(The subject is emphasized.)1.It was a pickpocket that the policeman caught on No.933 bus yesterday.(The object is emphas

31、ized.)3.It was on No.933 bus that the policeman caught a pickpocket yesterday.(The adverbial of place is emphasized.)1.4.It was yesterday that the policeman caught a pickpocket on No.933 bus.2.(The adverbial of time is emphasized.)back to 6The emphatic structure“It is/wasthat”can be used to emphasiz

32、e any part of the sentence except the predicate.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions4.barter forn to exchange(goods,property,etc.)for n other goods,etc.without using money nExamples:I had to barter with the locals for food.In the local market,meat and vegetable

33、s are bartered for electrical goods.The prisoners tried to barter with the guards for their freedom.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study9.replacen v.a.to take the place ofn b.to get a new one for sth.broken or stolenn c.to put back in its placenExamples:Lectures have replaced the old tu

34、torial system.Ill replace the vase I broke as soon as possible.He replaced the book on the shelf.a.replaceablen.replacementWord formationsLesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study10.litternv.to make untidy with scattered rubbishnn.light rubbish(bits of paper,wrappings)nExamples:The desk was

35、littered with papers.I am tired of picking up litter thrown by other people.People who drop litter can be fined in some cities.SynonymsrubbishgarbagetrashLesson 3-Message of the Land nto appear,develop,grow,etc.quickly or n suddenlynExamples:New houses were springing up all over the town.Dozens of w

36、ebsites have sprung up to provide information for travelers.New dot-com companies are springing up all the time.5.spring upPhrases and ExpressionsPhrases and ExpressionsSimilar expressions come into being/existencearisebe born“spring”phrases To be continued on the next page.Lesson 3-Message of the L

37、and Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressionsspring to ones feetspring to sbs assistancespring to mind spring into famespring to lifespring out of bedspring a surprise on sb.spring up like mushroomsspring from aristocracy一跃而起一跃而起十万火急地赶去救援某人十万火急地赶去救援某人在脑海中突然闪现在脑海中突然闪现一举成名一举成名焕发生机焕发生机从床上跳起来从床上跳起来

38、使某人大吃一惊使某人大吃一惊雨后春笋般地涌现雨后春笋般地涌现出身于贵族出身于贵族Translation Lesson 3-Message of the LandSentence Paraphrase 7Sentence Paraphrase 7nShops have sprung up,filled with colorful plastic things and goods we have no use for.(4)Many shops appear in a short time.In these shops there are lots of colorful plastic thin

39、gs and things that are useless for us.past participle phrase functioning as post-modifier to modify“shops”go to 8 appear suddenly relative clauseExamplesLesson 3-Message of the LandSentence ParaphraseSentence Paraphrase1.The men,soaked with sweat from an all-night march,immediately went into action.

40、2.The substance,discovered almost by accident,has revolutionized medicine.3.The book,written in 1957,tells of the struggle of the miners.back to 7A post-modifying past participle phrase corresponds to an elliptical relative clause.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study11.fashionablena.a.p

41、opular,esp.for a short period of timen b.popular with,or used by,rich peopleOppositeunfashionableExamples:Strong colors are very fashionable at the moment.It suddenly became fashionable for politicians to talk about green issues.He runs a very fashionable restaurant near the Harbor.Word formationfas

42、hion(n.)Related phrasesTo be continued on the next page.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study after a fashion after the fashion of come into fashion follow the fashion go out of fashion in(the)fashion make fashion out of(the)fashion set a(the)fashion be all the fashion 勉强，马马虎虎勉强，马马虎虎 像，跟

43、像，跟一样；模仿一样；模仿 开始风行开始风行 赶时髦赶时髦 不再风行不再风行 合于时尚合于时尚 装装样子装装样子 不合时尚不合时尚 开创新时尚开创新时尚(服服装装，举举止止等等）极极时时髦髦，风行一时风行一时Translation Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study12.strike v.if lightning strikes something,it hits and damages it Examples:The temple burned down after it was struck by lightning last

44、 year.Lightning struck the barn and set it on fire.Lightning never strikes twice.(=Something bad or unpleasant is not likely to happen to the same person or in the same place twice.)Related phrases To be continued on the next page.Lesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study strike sb.on the he

45、ad poverty-stricken area strike fear/terror into sbs heart strike a blow against/to/at strike a balance between strike a bargain/deal strike a match strike oil/gold strike a name out from the list strike a pose/an attitude The solution struck me immediately.打中某人的头打中某人的头 贫困区贫困区 使某人产生害怕恐惧使某人产生害怕恐惧 给予一

46、击给予一击 在在之间达成平衡之间达成平衡 成交成交 划火柴划火柴 发现石油金矿发现石油金矿 从名单上把名字划去从名单上把名字划去 摆姿势态度摆姿势态度 我我立立刻刻想想到到这这个个解解决决办办法。法。Translation Lesson 3-Message of the Land nto be inclined to;have a directionnExamples:People tend to need less sleep as they get older.Young children tend to get sick more often than adults.Recent stu

47、dies show that girls tend to be better at languages than boys.6.tend toPhrases and ExpressionsPhrases and ExpressionsLesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study13.shameExamples:It was a crying/great/terrible shame that they lost the game.Please dont tell my dad about this,he said,blushing with

48、 shame.Hes brought shame on the whole family.I bow my head in shame when I think of how I treated her.n.a.sad or disappointing feeling b.guilty or embarrassing feelinga.shamefula.ashameda.shamelessv.shameWord formationsLesson 3-Message of the Land Word StudyWord Study14.condemnn v.a.to disapprove st

49、h.or sb.,esp.n because you think it is morally wrong n b.to give judgment againstnExamples:Local authorities have been condemned for failing to tackle the problem of homelessness.The law has been condemned as an attack on personal liberty.He was found guilty and condemned to death.Word formationsa.c

50、ondemnedn.condemnationLesson 3-Message of the Land nto hit sb.as a punishmentnExamples:His father took him to the barn and gave him a good beating.Our soldiers gave the enemy a thorough beating.7.give sb.a(good/)beatingSimilar expressionsPhrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressionsbeatspanksmack/s