G9U9定语从句.ppt

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1、.定语定语定语用来限定、修饰定语用来限定、修饰名词名词或或代词代词的词、短语和句子。的词、短语和句子。主要由主要由形容词形容词担任，此外，担任，此外，名词，代词，数词名词，代词，数词;动词动词ing，不定式以及介词短语，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以来担任，也可以由一个也可以由一个句子句子来担任。来担任。前置前置后置后置The girl behind the tree is Kate.(介词短语作定语)(现在分词作定语)The man driving too fast was drunk.The boy named Tom is my classmate.(过去分词作定语)Sixtee

2、n-year-old kids should study hard first.(数词作定语)I have too much homework to do.(不定式作定语)先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.that,which,who,whom,whosewhere,when，why1.结构：结构：先行词先行词+关系词关系词+句子句子2.先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词先行词。通常位于定。通常位于定 语从句之语从句之前前。3.关系词关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系代词关系代词

3、关系副词关系副词关系词关系词作用作用定语从句定语从句A、_；B、_；C、_。引导定语从句引导定语从句代指先行词代指先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分在定语从句中担当一个成分先行词先行词主主格格宾宾格格所有格所有格人人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose物物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhichwhose 是代词的所有格形式是代词的所有格形式,它它既可以代人也可以代物。既可以代人也可以代物。定语从句中做定语定语从句中做定语 I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.aI saw a woman whose bag was stolen.

4、(whose 作定作定语语)Please show me the book.Its cover is red.aPlease show me the book whose cover is red.Exercise:用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ likes playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate the girl _ talks much but do little.4.The man _ hair is white

5、is his grandfather.5.Is there a student _ father is a business man?who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhosewhose1.当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.关系代词只能用关系代词只能用thatthat的情况的情况当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句从句的谓语动词与先行词保持一致的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。1)Imreadingabookthat/which_aboutBillGates.2)Heisateacherwho/that_usChinese.3)Theboyswho_playings

6、occerarefromClass1.is teachesareIve never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.Say all _ you know.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat2.当先行词是everything，anything,nothing及及all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that.3.先行词被先行词被all,no,each,every,much,few,some,any等不定代词修饰

7、时等不定代词修饰时Allthebooks_youneedarehere.that4.先行词先行词被被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时等修饰时Thisistheverypen_Iamlookingforthat这正是我在找的笔。这正是我在找的笔。This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat5.当先行词被序数词，形容词最高级序数词，形容词最高级等修饰时，关系代词只能用that.Who is the girl _is sta

8、nding under the tree?Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.6.当主句是who或或which引导的特殊疑问引导的特殊疑问句句，关系代词只能用that.thatthat注意：注意：Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.6.当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，用当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，用who，that，which（可省略）。但介词在关系可省略）。但介词在关系代词前时，只能用代词前时，只能用“介词介词+which/whom”结构。结构。Thisisthehousewhich/th

9、atwelivedinlastyear.这是我们去年居住的房子。这是我们去年居住的房子。含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。只能放在原来的位置上。Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor.这就是你要找的那个人。这就是你要找的那个人。1.Myparentsliveinahouse_ismorethan100yearsold.2.Theboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhomExercise3.Isthereanything_youwanttobuyinth

10、etown.that4.All_wecandoistostudyhard.that5.Thefirstone_standsupisalittleboy.thatTomcameback，whichmadeushappy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。完整。7.引导非限制性定语从句，用引导非限制性定

11、语从句，用which，而不用而不用that.1.where指地点，在定语从句中做指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语地点状语。2.1)Shanghaiisthecity_Iwasborn.2)Thehouse_Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.、关系副词引导定语从句、关系副词引导定语从句 1.关系副词：关系副词：where,when,why在句中作状语。在句中作状语。wherewhere2.when表示时间表示时间,在定语从句中做在定语从句中做时间状语时间状语.1)Istillremembertheday_Ifirstcametothe2)school.2)The

12、time_wegottogetherfinallycame.3.why指原因指原因在定语从句中做在定语从句中做原因状语原因状语.(1)Idontknowthereason_helooksunhappytoday.whenwhenwhy.关系副词关系副词when,where和关系代词和关系代词that,which.1.一是一是定语从句是否完整定语从句是否完整；二是二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子：请比较以下句子：1)Thisisthepark_wevisitedlastyear.2)Thisisthepark_weheldabirt

13、hdayparty.5)Thatsthedate_wewenttothecollege.6)Thatsthedate_shewontforgetforever.7)Ilikethetime_welivedtogether.8)Ilikethetime_wehadtogether.thatwherewhenthatwhenthat2.关系：关系：when,where,why=“介词介词+which”。如：如：when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which1)Thisisthehouse_Ilivedtwoyearsago.=ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.2)Doyouremembertheday_youjoinedourclub?=Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?3)Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.=Thisisthereason_hecamelate.in whichon whichfor which