牛津高中英语模块一unit2-Grammar-and-usage (2).ppt

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1、牛津高中英牛津高中英语模模块一一unit2-Grammar-and-usage1.Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep.+which2.Theattributiveclauseintroducedbyprep.+whomAttributiveclausesintroducedby“preposition+which/whom”Whatarethepictureusedfor?Theyarepicturesfromwhichyoucanknowmoreaboutthegrowing painsinUnitTwo.Look!Hereisamapfromwhich

2、wecanknowmoreaboutChina.Whatisthis?Itisawonderfulsceneryfromwhichwecanknowmuchaboutthemountains.Lookatthem.Theylovestheirkidssomuch.ButIdontliketheway(inwhich/that/-)theytreattheirkid.关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当中，当介词前置时介词前置时，只能用，只能用whom指人，指人，which指物指物；但如果；

3、但如果介词后置介词后置，则不受这，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：口语中。如：介词介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句1.Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking?2.Doyouknowtheboy(that)shewastalkingto?3.Thepencil(which/that)hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.介词的选用原则介词的选用原则1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。配来决定。如：如：Thisisthebookon

4、whichIspent8yuan.ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8 yuan.spendmoneyonsth.为固定搭配为固定搭配paymoneyforsth.为固定搭配为固定搭配2)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：如：IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedhere.IrememberthemonthinwhichIstayedthere.强调在具体某一天要用介词强调在具体某一天要用介词on强调在某几天时间内要用介词强调在某几天时间内要用介

5、词during在在month前介词要用前介词要用in3)根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。系。Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?4)根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配。根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配。CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImnotsure？以以theway为先行词的限制性定语从句通常为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由由inwhich或或that引导，而且通常可以省引导，而且通常可以省略。略。如：如：Theway(that/inwhich)heans

6、weredthequestionswassurprising.他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。Idontliketheway(that/inwhich/-)youlaughather.我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”前或后还可有前或后还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。等代词或者数词。如：如：Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他他深深地爱着他

7、的父母，他们俩待他都很好。都很好。Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhich(=ofwhichsome)havegonebad.篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhom(=ofwhommost)arefrombigcities.我们班总共有我们班总共有40个学生，大多数来自大个学生，大多数来自大城市。城市。Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhich(=ofwhichthree)area

8、boutcountrylife.迄今为止，他写了迄今为止，他写了10部小说，其中部小说，其中部是关于农村生活的。部是关于农村生活的。Exercises介词加关系代词引导的定语从句1.Theplace_thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich2.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,_hewentontoCambridge.A.fromwhichB

9、.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis3.Ihavemanyfriends,_somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom4.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection_shehadcome.A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich5.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,ando

10、neofthemcameuptous,_wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich6.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which题题3、4、5、6考查考生对考查考生对“介词介词+关系关系代词代词”引导的定语从句的掌握及其灵引导的定语从句的掌握及其灵活运用情况。活运用情况。1.Doyoulikethebook_shespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebook_shepaid$1

11、0?onwhichUseproperprepositionsandrelativepronounstofillintheblanks.forwhich3.Doyoulikethebook_shelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebook_sheoftentalks?5.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_istheYellowRiver.fromwhichaboutwhichofwhich6.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.7.Thisisthebook_Iam

12、lookingfor.towhomwhichMatcheachsentencewithanending.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._cdbaehfgCompleteeachsentenceusinganattributiveclause.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._(which)IknowverylittleaboutinwhichIboughtmyfavoritedressaboutwhichItoldyouaboutlastweekFromwhomIgotthecupFromwhomwelearnhowtowritewithbrushe

13、sTheattributiveclauseintroducedbywhen,whereandwhy.Look!Whatdayisittoday?Whyaretheygettingtogetheragain?TodayisMarch,12thwhenpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees!-Whereisit?-Itisthebasketballcourt.Itisaplacewherewecanplaybasketballindoors.-ThatisMrs.Greenandshehasaskedforaleaveforhergivingabirthtoherkid.-Th

14、atisthereasonwhyshedoesntcometoworkasusual.1.定语从句中关系副词有：定语从句中关系副词有：when,where,why2.关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。when作时间状语；作时间状语；where作地点状语；作地点状语；why作原因状语。如：作原因状语。如：定语从句中关系副词的用法定语从句中关系副词的用法Herememberthedaywhenhisfatherdied.IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Ple

15、asegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.when作时间状语，意为作时间状语，意为onthedaywhere作地点状语，意为作地点状语，意为intheplacewhy作原因状语，意为作原因状语，意为forthereason3.并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用词时都用when,where,why，若先行词，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用宾语，就必须用which或或that。如：如：Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttoge

16、therinthecountryside.which在定语从句中作宾语在定语从句中作宾语比较比较:Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于于onthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.比较比较:Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.4.关系副词关系副词when,where和和why也可用也可用“介介词词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词来代替

17、，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。when相当于相当于“at/in/during+which”where相当于相当于“in/at/on+which”why相当于相当于“for+which”如：如：Isthisthedaywhen/onwhichIvisitedthemuseum?Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere/onwhichhecaneasilyfindit.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidntcometothe

18、meeting.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.句中句中when相当于相当于onwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（which）”。如：如：ThisistheroomwhereLuXunoncelived.句中句中when相当于相当于inwhichDetailed explanationwhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（which）”。如：如：why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当在定语从句中作原因状语，相当

19、于于“介词介词for+关系代词（关系代词（which）”。如：如：Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate?Itrainedheavily,forwhichhewaslatefortheclass.思考思考是否所有的介词是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系关系代词都能用关系副词代替副词代替?1.Thepainting(_Ilooked)waspaintedbyme.2.Thebook(_Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.atwhichaboutwhich3.Thepen(_)shewrotethatbook)cannowbeseeninamus

20、eum.4.Kunmingisabeautifulplace(_)flowersareseenalltheyearround.5.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse(_)thegreatwriterusedtolive.withwhichwhere/inwhichwhere/inwhich6.Iwillneverforgottheday(_)Ifirstmetyouontheship.7.Thefilm(_Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.结论：只有当结论：只有当“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”充当地点充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关状语、

21、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。系副词代替。onwhich/whenduringwhich注意：关系副词与关系代词在定语从句注意：关系副词与关系代词在定语从句中的关系：中的关系：“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”在从句中作状语相在从句中作状语相当于一个关系副词。当于一个关系副词。如：如：王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂。王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂。这个句子有以下三种表达方式：这个句子有以下三种表达方式：Thefactorythat/whichMr.Wangworksinisashoeone.ThefactoryinwhichMr.Wangworksisashoeone.Thefacto

22、rywhereMr.Wangworksisashoeone.他将永远记住他入团的那天。他将永远记住他入团的那天。1.Hewillforeverremembertheday2.that/whichhejoinedtheLeagueon.2.HewillforeverrememberthedayonwhichhejoinedtheLeague.3.HewillforeverrememberthedaywhenhejoinedtheLeague.1.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_hasagreateffec

23、tonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;who即学即练即学即练2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when 3.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where4.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhi

24、scarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained5.Therewas_time_Ihatedtogotoschool.A.a,thatB.a,whenC.the,thatD.the,when6.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_manypeoplehavegothome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhichFillintheblanksusingthewordsandphrasesonpage31.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._6._why/forwhichwhen/inwhichwhere/inwhichwhy/forwhichwhere/inwhichwhen/onwhich谢谢！