UNIT1TOPIC1SECTIOND（知识精讲分层练习）八年级英语上册讲义（仁爱版）（教师版）.docx

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1、Unit 1 Topic 1 Section D讲甲词all over 到处，遍及world 世界；地球heart 心脏，心lung 肺；肺脏the day after tomorrow 后天healthy健康的，健壮的fit 健康的：适合的。（使）适合：安装 keep fit 保持健康 supper 晚饭，晚餐投知识精relax （使）放松，轻松famous 着名的式知01【课文 句】There is going a school sports nextteammate 队友excited 激动的，兴奋的bad 令人不愉快的；坏的leave 离开；把留下，剩下。假期，休假leave for

2、动身去某地pity 遗憾，可惜；同情，怜悯识点原短语36 .be good / bad for health对健康有益/害37 .keep healthy = keep fit 保持健康38 .keep me / us. healthy保持我/我们健康39 .a good way to do sth. = a good way of doing sth 做的好方法40 .a good way to keep fit保持健康的好方法41 .the day after tomorrow 后天42 .arrive in / at = get to = reach 到达某地arrive / get /

3、 reach here / there / home 至U 家43 .leave sp离开某地44 .leave A for B 离开某地去某地leave for sp. = go to sp.动身去某地45 .Its too bad that. = Its a pity that很遗憾to be meet句型5. What are you going (o be when you grow up ?6. -What is she going to be when she grows up ? 一She is going to be a scientist.7.She spent much m

4、oney on clothes last year. = She spent much money ( in ) buying clothes last year.8.There is going to be ( = will be ) a school sports meet next weekend.重点句子She spent much money on clothes last year. = She spent much money (in ) buying clothes last year.weekend.be going to是一种固定结构，其中be会根据主语的人称变化用is,

5、am ,are”,它后面要接动词原形。含有 be going to结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next week, this morning/aftcrnoon/cvcning, at night, this weekend, soon 等。1、用来表示按计划或安排要笈生的动作，有“准备；打算的意思。这种主观意图，一般一做过事先安 排，故其实现的可能性较大，其主语常是人。We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.（安排）2、表示根据现有情况、某种迹象，判断将要或即将发生的动作。Look at the

6、 black clouds. Its going to rain.（推测）not feeling well, going to be ill.（表示说话人的感觉而已）【即学即练 1】They are going to（ clean） their classroom this afternoon.?答案：clean2 知识点02【课文原句】She is going to take part in the high jump and the long jump.joinjoin in 与 take part in 的区别take part in 一般是参加什么活动，也可以是会议之类的而join则比

7、较严肃，一般是入党才用，或是你正在做什么，邀请别人一起加入，可以说would you like to join us?join和take part in二者都有“参加”的意思，但用法有所不同。join多指参加某组织，成为其中的一个成员。而take part in指参加活动。详解：join指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，还可表示参与某种活动。例句： 1 will never forget the day when I joined the Party.我永远也忘不了入党的那一天。(2)和某人一道做某事，其结构为:join sb. in (doing) sth.,根据上下文，in (

8、doing) sth.也可以省去。如:Will you join us in (he discussion?你参加我们的讨论吗？lake pari in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一份作用，有时 与join in可互换。例句：Will you take part in the English evening?同我们一起参加英语晚会好吗?take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。如： Well take part in social practice during the summer vacatio

9、n.暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。【注意】lake part in是惯用词组，pari前一般不用冠词，但pari前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。如： Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery.林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制join injoin in sth./doing sth.意为“参力T,后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或V-ing。例 如：Can I join in the game?我可以参加这个游戏吗？【即学即练2】Lincoln took active p

10、art in polities and was strongly against slavery.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案：B2 知识点03【课文原句】 Her classmates are going to cheer her on.I. cheer up有两种用法。及物动词时，意思是“使高兴/振奋起来“，宾语一般是sb/oneself如： You should cheer him/yourself up.2)做不及物动词时，意思是“(自己)高兴/振奋起来”，此时无宾语，不用被动语态如：Hearing the good news, I cheered up.er on

11、只做及物动词，意思是“向欢呼；为鼓劲加油，可以加sb/sih做宾语(但slh比较少用)。且。n是副词，如果宾语是名词，则宾语放在cheer和on中间或放在on后都可以。如果宾语是代词，则宾语只能放在cheer和on的中间。如：Wc all cheered him on.Why not cheer on his wonderful performance? = Why not cheer his wonderful performance on?3. cheer for意思是“为喝彩叫好;为鼓劲加油”,和cheer on意思基本一样。其后必须加宾语，且宾语sb/sth都可以，同样sth作宾语少见

12、。但是for是介词，所以其宾语无论是名词还是代词，都直接放在for的后面。如：We all cheered for him.Why not cheer for his wonderful performance?【即学即练 3】My classmates are going to cheer me in the coming sports meeting.A. up B. on C. / D. for答案：B分层作业题组A基础过关练（A）根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. Running is one of the most sports in China.（受欢迎的）The people o

13、f this neighborhood are（渔民）.2. Do you know what UN（代表）？United Nations.3. Meng Wanzhou came back to China! We are to hear the good news.4. I visited the Palace Museum and the Great Wallmy stay in Beijing.【解析】一popular【详解】句意：跑步是中国最受欢迎的运动之一。popular“受欢迎的“，此处形容词作定语修饰名词。故填 popular.,1. fishermen【详解】句意：这个地区的

14、人们是渔民。fisherman“渔民”，可数名词。根据空前的“are”可知此处应用复 数形式 fishermen, 故填 fishermen2. ? stands? for【详解】句意：你知道UN代表什么吗？联合国。stand fbr”代表”，动词短语；此句“know”后跟 了宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，宾语从句根据句意选用一般现在时，主语“UN”为第三人称单数，谓语 stand for用第三人称单数。故填stands； for。3. excited【详解】句意:孟晚舟回来了!我们听到这个好消息很兴奋。根据Meng Wanzhou came back to China!”可 知，对于孟晚舟回国

15、这件事，我们感到很兴奋，excited”兴奋的，激动的”，形容词作表语，表示人的心 情。故填excited。4. during【详解】句意：我在北京期间参观了故宫博物院和长城。根据I visited the Palace Museum and the Great Wall”我参观了故宫博物院和长城”可知，应该是“在北京逗留期间”，填介词during”在期间”。故填 duringo(B)甫所给单词的适当形式填空。5. He wants to be a(music) in the future.6. They(win) the game yesterday.7. Einstein was one

16、of the greatest(science) in the world.8. Thomas Edison was a great(science).9. Of all the songs, this song is (he(popular) with young people.【解析】musician【详解】句意：他想将来成为一名音乐家。music表示“音乐”，根据He wants to be”可知他想成为一名音 乐家，musician”音乐家”,被a修饰,应用单数，故填musician。6. won【详解】句意：昨天他们赢了比赛。根据“yesterday”可知用一般过去时，win的过去式

17、won。故填won。7. scientists【详解】句意：爱因斯坦是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。science“科学”，名词。根据“Einstein was one of the greatest.”可知，爱因斯坦是科学家，scientist “科学家”。此处结构是：one oflhe+最高级+名词复数， 表示“最之一故填scientistso8. scientist【详解】句意：托马斯爱迪生是一个伟大的发明家。a后接可数名词单数，根据“Thomas Edison”可知爱 迪生是发明家，scientist表示“科学家”。故填scientist。9. most popular【详解】句意：在所有

18、的歌曲中，这首歌最受年轻人的欢迎。根据“Of an the songs,“可知，三者以上的比 较要用最高级，popular的最高级是most popular,故填most popular。题组B能力提升练I.单项选择。11. 一Im going to Jinan Zoo this weekend. What about you?I willan crhu activity in the park.A.take part inB.take placeC.take off12. Get up immediately, or you willschool.A.be close toB.be good

19、 atC.be readyfor13. Would von mindus in the game?D. lake a walkD. be late for一Not at all.A. joiningB. joinC. join inD. to join in14. My parents arc verywith me. When 1 make a mistake, they will punish me.A.strictB. excitedC.livelyD. perfect15. John wants to be a doctor like his father when he.A.puts

20、 upB. gets upC.grows upD. takes up16. Darning, whats your dream?一I want (o be a(n)someday. I will build a new type of plane.A. scientistB. engineerC. pilotD. policeman17. Therea concert this evening.Exciting news.A. are going to beB. is going to beC. is going to have D. arc going to have18. This pai

21、r of shoesme two hundred yuan.A.spentB. tookC.paidD. cost19. When you are in trouble, you can ask your family fbr help and.A.practiceB. supportC.greetingsD. decision20. Whats Jenny going to be when she grows up?A. She (hinks driving a plane is so cool.A. scientistB. policewomanC. pilotD. Artist【解析】A

22、【详解】句意：一一这个周末我要去济南动物园。那你呢？一一我将参加公园里的二胡活动。考查动词短语。take part in参加；take place发生；take off脱下；起飞；take a walk散步。根据an erhu activity可知是参加活动。故选A。10. D【详解】句意：立即起床，否则你上学将会迟到。考查形容词短语词义辨析。be close to接近；be good at擅长于;be ready for准备好;be late for迟到。根 据前句Get up immediately”立刻起床。以及后面school”,可见表达的意思是“立刻起床，否则上学会迟 到。故选D。1

23、1. A【详解】句意：一一你介意加入我们的游戏吗？一一一点也不。考查非谓语动词。根据mind doing sth.“介意做某事”可知，此处要用动名词。故选A。12. A【详解】句意：我的父母对我很严格。当我犯错时，他们会惩罚我。考查形容词辨析。strict严格的；excited激动的；lively活泼的;perfect完美的。根据When I make a mistake, they will punish me.”可知,犯错会被批评,所以是很严格的，故选A。13. C【详解】句意：John长大后想成为一名像他的爸爸那样的医生。考查动词短语。putup张贴，举起；get up起床：grow u

24、p成长，长大；take up占据（时间、空间）。根 据John wants to be a doctor可知,John想成为一名医生,因此grow up 长大符合题意。故选C。14. B【详解】句意：一一大明，你的梦想是什么？ 一一我想有朝一日成为一名工程师。我要造一架新型飞机。 考查名词辨析。scientist科学家;engineer工程师;pilot飞行员；policeman警察。根据I will build a new type of plane.可知造飞机的是工程师，故选B。15. B【详解】句意：一一今晚有一场音乐会。一一令人激动的消息。考查there be句型的一般将来时。表示将来

25、可用“be going to结构，there be句型的将来时为there is/are going to bew,因此排除选项C和D；主语a concert是单数，因此be动词用is。故选BD【详解】句意：这双鞋花了我200元。考查动词辨析。spent花费，人作主语；took花费，通常it作主语；paid支付，人作主语；cost花费，物 作主语。主语This pair of shoes是指物，此处是sth cost sb+价钱”的搭配，故选D。16. B【详解】句意：当你有困难的时候，你可以向你的家人寻求帮助和支持。and.o practice 练习；support 支持；greetings

26、 问候;decision 决定。根据When you are in trouble, you can ask your family for help and.”可知，向家人寻求帮助和支持。故选B。17. C【详解】句意：一一珍妮长大后会做什么？ 一一一个飞行员。她觉得开飞机很酷。考查名词辨析。scientist科学家；policewoman女警;pilot飞行员;artist艺术家。根据She thinks driving a plane is so cool.可知，她应是想成为一名飞行员。故选C。II.完形填空。When Yi Xiaoyang was two, he fell in lo

27、ve with skiing. His first time on snow, however, wasnt 21. Heslept on snow until the coach （教练）found him. He started to learn how to ski from then on. Yi was a 22 learner, and at the age of six, he began to ski in other parts of the world.In 2015, Beijing got the chance （机会）to hold the 2022 Winter O

28、lympic Games. Yi felt it hopeful to take part in （he Olympics. So he 23 to take training classes.As a student, Yi has to take classes 24 others. At the same time, he has to train full day on weekends and half day on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. In summer, the training goes on.At the beginning, t

29、hat was a big problem. 4*When I started to train, 25 seemed to change, said Yi, “I lost my 26 . I even got angry with my coaches. They talked to my parents and decided to give me a week off” 27 . during that time, he picked up his joy in skiing. I found that skiing had already become one important p

30、art of me J said Yi. After that, he trained even harder.“I might 28 becoming an Olympic champion （冠军） before, but now it comes much clearer. I only want to join in the Olympics.21. A. difficultB. importantC. successful22. A. fastB. famousC. slow23. A. seemedB. decidedC. expected24. A. forB. likeC. w

31、ith25. A. anythingB. somethingC. everything26. A. interestB. mindC. talent27. A. ClearlyB. UsuallyC. Luckily28. A. wait forB. dream ofC. give up【解析】21. C?22. A?23. B?24. B?25. C?26. A?27. C?28. B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国少年滑雪选手易骁飕学习滑雪的经历及他的奥运梦。21. 句意：然而，他的第一次滑雪并不成功。difficult困难的；important重要的；successful成功

32、的。根据however”可知，应该是不成功。故选C。22. 句意：易学得很快，六岁时，他开始在世界其他地方滑雪。fast 快速的；famous 着名的;slow 慢的。根据and at the age of six, he began to ski in other parts of the world.可知，他学习应该是很快。故选A。23. 句意：他决定参加训练。he.to； decide 决定；expect 期待。根据“So he.to take training classes.”可知，应该是决定参加训练。故 选Bo句意：作为学生，他不得不像其他人一样上课。classes.others.

33、有。根据As a student, Yi has to take classes.others.”可知,作为学生，他不得不像别人一样 上课。故选B。24. 句意：当我开始训练时，一切似乎都变了。anything 任何事物；something 一些东西;everything 一切。根据At the beginning, that was a big problem.“可知,一切都发生了改变。故选C。25. 句意：我失去了兴趣。my.est 兴趣:mind 心智:talent 才能。根据I lost my. I even got angry with my coaches.可知，我应该是 失去了兴

34、趣。故选A。26. 句意：很幸运，在休息期间他又重拾滑雪的乐趣。clearly 清楚地;usually 通常;luckily 幸运地。根据during that time, he picked up his joy in skiing.”可知，他 重拾了滑雪的乐趣这件事是很幸运的。故选C。27. 句意：我以前也许梦想成为奥运冠军，但是现在目标更加清楚了。might.becoming of 梦想：give up 放弃。根据I might.becoming an Olympic champion （冠军）before,可 知，他以前梦想成为奥运冠军。故选B.IIL阅读理解。Martin Strcl

35、 is a swimmer, best known fbr swimming the worlds big rivers. He was born in 1954. He taught himself to swim when he was six and became a professional （职业的）swimmer in 1978. Martin holds Guinness World Records for swimming the Danube River, the Mississippi River, the Yangtze River and the Amazon Rive

36、r.Of all his achievements（成就），the greatest is his Amazon River swim. The Amazon is known as the largest and most dangerous river in the world. Several swimmers had tried to swim it, but all failed. Martin decided to go all out and make history. He wanted to show the world that people could achieve t

37、heir dreams with hard work and perseverance （毅力）.On April 7th, 2007, Martin Strel completed his Amazon River all the way from Atalaya （Peru） to the Atlantic Ocean at Belem （Brazil）. He struggled （奋战）with the river for 66 days and swam 3, 274 miles in total. He became a worldwide hero.Many people sti

38、ll cannot believe what he has done so far, so （hat is why they sometimes describe him as “FishmarT, “Human Fish or even the Craziest Man in the World”.In 2（X）9, American film makers produced a documentary （纪录片）called Big River Man. And the book. The Man Who Swam the Amazon, has been sold in many cou

39、nIries. It tells us an inspirational story of perseverance and hard work, which has encouraged many people.Martin doesnt swim fbr money. Instead, he swims to teach people about the importance of keeping water clean.Martin has always been looking for the challenges （挑战）of the impossible. What is his

40、next? 29. When he was little, Martin learned to swim from.A.his parentsB.a teacherC.himselfD.friendsSwimming the River is Martins greatest achievement so far.A.YangtzeB.AmazonC.DanubeD.MississippiWhat docs the underlined word “inspirational” mean in Paragraph Five?A.鼓舞人心的B.心灰意冷的C.栩栩如生的D.无穷无尽的Why did

41、 Martin swim the big rivers?A. To make a lot of money for a good living.B. To teach people the importance of keeping water clean.C. To produce exciting documentaries and best-selling books.D. To help （hose people around the river to live a better life.30. What can be the best title （标题）of the text?A

42、. Swim for FunB. Dangerous Sports aroundC. Fight for JobsD. Challenge the ImpossibleKnown as “Super Dan”, Chinas badminton player Lin Dan is one of the greatest badminton players in history. Four months ago, Lin announced （宣布）his retirement （退役）through his personal Wcibo account. Here is what he wro

43、te:From 2000 to 2020, Tve been through four Olympics and I never thought about stopping my career before. But now its time fbr me to say goodbye. And its actually so hard fbr me.At nearly 37 years old, my physical condition wont allow me to fight with my teammates anymore. In the future, I wish to s

44、pend more time with my family.I want to thank my country that nurtured （养育）me, my coaches （教练）who trained me, my family who always stayed with me, my fans who supported me and my opponents （对手）who encouraged me to be better. I wish to tell all of you who are having dreams to stay hungry: Go fight fo

45、r your dreams.Fans were hoping to see Lin in the Tokyo Olympics, which has been put off to the summer of 2021 because of COVID-19, but Lin couldnt make it.31. Where did Lin Dan announce his retirement?A. On TV.B. On the radio.C. In the newsp叩er. D. On the Internet.32. How old was Lin Dan when he loo

46、k part in his first Olympics?A. At about 17. B. At about 21.C. At the age of 30.D. At nearly 37.33. What stopped Lin from playing badminton?A.His teammates.B.His family.C.His physical condition.D.His losing interest.34. How did Lin feel about his retirement?A.Lucky and happy.B.Difficult and frighten

47、ed.C.Happy and thankful.D.Sad and thankful.35. What is the best title of the passage?A. Lin Dan missed （he Tokyo Olympics“Super Dan says goodbye to badmintonB. Follow Lin Dan to fight for your own dreamsMeet 37-year-old Lin Dan on his Weibo account【解析】29. C?30. B?31. A?32. B?33. D【导语】本文主要讲述了游泳健将Martin Si克服了种种困难，畅游世界各大河。29 .细节理解题。根据“He taught himself to swim when he was six”可知他是自学的游泳。故选Co.细节理解题。根据“Of all his achievements（成就）,the greatest is his Amazon River swim”可知在亚马逊河 游泳是马丁迄今为止最大的成就。故选30 .词义猜测题。根据“Il tells us an insp