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1、AIn May 2013, Andrew Josephson, 23, was clearing a spot in his parents5 basement for his college clothes, and he fell upon a mysterious old set of CDs. The disc jacket read “Heart Sounds and Murmurs, by Daniel Mason, MD.” Mason was Andrews grandfather.The CDs were accompanied by a book, the size of

2、a CD case, which explained that the discs contained the sounds of 125 different heartbeats, some indicating rare heart conditions. Dr. Mason, who passed away at 92 in 2011, had recorded them throughout his 50-year career as an outstanding Philadelphia cardiologist （心脏病学家）.These should be heard, Andr

3、ew thought.That summer, Andrew, a recent graduate of Lehigh University with a biochemistry degree, bought books on computer coding and, settled in his familys summer home on Long Beach Island, New Jersey, taught himself how to write a mobile app of heart sounds fbr smartphones. 4I was lifeguarding a

4、ll day, then writing code until 1 a.m.J says Andrew.The program used an iPhone microphone to record a heartbeat and then match it with Dr. Masons recordings to detemiine if the beat was irregular. By July, Andrew had created a prototype, which he first tried on his own heart. As he expected, it regi

5、stered that his heartbeat was normal.The heartbeat of his father, Jeffrey, also registered normal, as did those of his sister Molly and the neighbors and friends he tested. Bu（ when Andrew used the app to test his mother, Tina, her heart sound came up abnormal. He recorded it several more times, and

6、 each time, the app produced the same outcome. 4At some point, youre going to get that result,he says now. Bui I would rather it not have been my mom.”Tina herself was skeptical. 44This cant be right,“ she said to Andrew. Tm fine. At 54, Tina, a family doctor, was fit and felt well; she was not a te

7、xtbook candidate for heart problems. But months later on a family ski trip, Tina noticed she was exhausted at the end of each run. Her mind retunied to the irregular reading shed received from Andrews app. What if it was right? she wondered. At home, Andrew gave his mother another test with the app.

8、 Again, it registered an abnormal reading. Now Tina was convinced she should see her doctor.A week later, tests proved that Tina was suffering from mitral valve regurgitation, a serious disorder that prevents a heart valve from shutting properly. Left untreated, the condition can cause heart failure

9、.When Tina told her doctor that her sons smartphone app had persuaded her to seek him out, “he was amazed,5, Tina says. Later, when Tina showed a video of her echocardiogram （超声心动 图）to Jeffrey and Andrew, they saw an image of a “colored jet of blood going the wrong way,“ says Andrew. uWhen I saw wha

10、t the iPhone was picking up, the possible impact of the app really hit me.” In March, Tina underwent successful open-heart surgery. Shes now back at work seeing patients, and shes playing tennis, running, and cycling again.Andrews original curiosity about his grandfathers recordings and his resoluti

11、on in making the app amaze Tina. Tm just very lucky,“ she says. My son saved my lifb.”What can we know about Daniel Mason and his CDs?A. He was a doctor in Philadelphia, devoting half a century to his career.B. His CDs will only help deal with some common heart problems.C. His death came when his gr

12、andson was 23 years old.D. He recorded 125 different heart sounds and murmurs after he retired.1. What does the underlined word “prototype” probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Well-tested app.B. Typical example.C. Original model.D. Perfect type.2. Which of the following statements are NOT true according

13、 to (he passage?A. If it hadnt been for the app, Tina would probably suffer from heart failure now.B. Tina herself is a doctor whose job is seeing patients.C. Andrew learned how to write a mobile app by himself at Lehigh University.D. Andrew came across his grandfather,s CDs quite unexpectedly.3. Wh

14、al words can best describe Andrew Josephson?A. Enthusiastic and stubborn.B. Determined and curious.C. Forgiving and intelligent.D. Modest and sympathetic.4. What is the best title of the passage?A. An App Saved LifeB. Grandfather s CDsC. My Smart SonD. The Amazing AppBTen Best Short Books Youll Ever

15、 ReadThe House on Mango Street by Sandra CisnerosThis modern classic, about a Latina girl growing up in Chicago, has been translated and taught all over (he world. At 110 pages, il packs a big force compared (o its small size. Not surprisingly, given briefness and power of her work, Cisneros is also

16、 a poet.Natural Histories by Guadalupe NettelIn a newly-released 128-page collection, Nettel offers five entrancing tales in which animals-even fish and insectsreflect hidden aspects of human nature. Like many of the best short books, this one is in translation. Not to worry: Nettels insights into m

17、arriage, family, and desire are beyond borders and cultures.Whats to Become of the Boy? by Heinrich BollBoll (1917-1985) won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1972. His brief, painful account (96 pages) of growing up in Nazi Germany, in a family that hated Hiller, will leave you thinking of nothing

18、else.in the Orchard the Swallows by Peter HobbsThis recently released novel, about a Pakistani boy imprisoned (监禁)for falling in love with the wrong girl, is both perfectly written and surprisingly inspiring. At 137 pages, it weighs in as one of the giants of 2014.The Big Sleep by Raymond ChandlerFo

19、r those who like (heir fiction hard-boiled, nobody did it belter than Raymond Chandler, who died in 1959. The great master of the detective story turned to writing after he lost his job with an oil company during (he Depression. The Big Sleep (134 pages) was his first novel to feature his famous P.I

20、., Philip Marlowe.The Awakening by Kate ChopinKate Chopin wrote only two novels before she died in 1904. The first is largely forgotten, but the second, The Awakening, is now considered a classic. At the time of its publication in 1899, it was widely condemned (谴责)for portraying a woman who, trapped

21、 in a loveless marriage, has an affair. In the 1970s, the 120-ish page book (it depends on your edition) foundand heldits audience.The Complete Tales of Lucy Gold by Kate BernheinierBernheimer draws on fairy tales to vividly arouse the beauty of a young womans inner life. This 128-page novel is part

22、 of a trilogy in which all three pieces are breathtakingly brief-wholly original and quite readable.The Death of Ivan Ilych by Leo TolstoyYes, we promised no War and Peace, but The Death of Ivan Ilych is your opportunity to read a masterwork by one of the greatest writers of all time. You can do (hi

23、s, dear reader. (Page count depends on which edition/translation you grab, but all are well under 150 pages.) No one is wiser than Tolstoy (1828-1910) about death and dying-or living, for that matter.Pedro Paramo by Juan RulfoThe Mexican author Juan Rulfo (1917-1986) did not begin writing until his

24、40s, and then published only one novel (hat was 124 pages long. Yet Pedro Paramo, describing a world both past and present, is considered a masterpiece of 20th-century literature. None other than Gabriel Garcia Marquez believed that he knew (he entire book by heart.Into the War by Italo CalvinoItalo

25、 Calvino (1923-1985) wrote fabulist tales (寓言故事)that made him a literary rock star. He is perhaps best known for Invisible Cities (176 pages), based on an imaginary conversation between Marco Polo and the Chinese ruler Kublai Khan; that title sold millions of copies worldwide. However, (his 128-page

26、 early work (to be reissued in September) features three stories set in Italy in 1940 that offer a fascinating picture of the author as a young man.5. If you are a fan of detective stories, which book will most likely appeal to you?A. In the Orchard, the SwallowsB. The Big SleepC. The Death of Ivan

27、IlychD. Pedro ParamoWhat do we know about Kate Chopin and her works?A. Her first novel was forgotten then, but is now a classic, finally finding its readers.B. The Awakening was not first published until Chopins death.C. It was long before The Awakening was widely read and loved by its audience.D. H

28、er classic is about a woman, who has an affair, though with a marriage full of love.6. Which two books share the similar writing method?A. The House on Mang。Street and Natural Histories.B. Natural Histories and The Complete Tales of Lucy Gold.C. In the Orchard, the Swallows and Pedro Paramo.D. The B

29、ig Sheep and Into the War.7. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. The ten recommended books in the passage are all under 150 pages.B. Tolstoy, one of the greatest writers of all time, is good at writing about dying or living.C. Animals in NettePs Natural Historie

30、s are, in a way, a mirror of marriage, family and desire.D. Bolfs work is an account of growing up in Nazi Germany, which will leave you nothing.CWhy do our bodies age at different rates? Why can some people run marathons at the age of 70, while others are forced to use a walker? Genes （基因）are only

31、part of the answer. Three scientists from the University of North Carolina argue in a new paper that more work needs to be done on “gerontogens“一factors, including substances （物质）in the environment, that can accelerate the aging process. Possible gerontogens include poisons in groundwater, ultraviol

32、et radiation in sunlight, and 4,000 poisonous chemicals in tobacco smoke. Activities may also be included, like taking in too many calories, or suffering psychological stress.Writing in Trends in Molecular Medicine, Jessica Sorrentino, Hanna Sanoff, and Norman Sharpless argue that focusing on such f

33、actors would perfect more popular approaches like studying molecular （分子）changes in old bodies and searching for genes that are linked to long lift. “People have fbeused on slowing aging, which always struck me as premature （不成熟的）,” says Sharpless. Even if scientists announced tomoiTow that theyd di

34、scovered an anti-aging pill, he says, people would have to take it for decades. Getting healthy people to take medicine for a long time is challenging, and there are always side efleets,5, Sharpless says. 44If you identify things in the environment that affects aging, thats knowledge wc could use to

35、day.”Twin studies have suggested that only around 25 percent of the change in the human life span （寿命）is influenced by genes. The rest must be influenced by other factors, including accidents, injuries, and exposure to substances that accelerate aging. t4The idea that environmental factors can accel

36、erate aging has been around for a while, but I agree that the study of gerontogens has been far behind other areas of aging research,M says Judith Campisi of the Buck Institute for Research on Aging. The search to identify gerontogens is partly a search to find better way of measuring biological age

37、. There are several choices, each one imperfect.Sharplesss team has fbeused on one particular aspect of aging-a process called senescence, in which cells forever stop dividing. Senescent cells increase gradually as we get older, and they contain ten times the usual levels of a protein called pl6.The

38、 team has developed a type of mice that produce a protein that shines whenever they make pl6. When they get older and have lots of senescent cells, they shine like crazy,“ says Sharpless. *When you expose them to gerontogens, lhey11 shine at a younger age than you expect. The team members arc using

39、their mice to test potential gerontogens, and they,ve sent the animals to around 50 different labs that are doing the same. Theyre also working with a company called HealthSpan Diagnostics to create a version of their pl6 test that could measure biological age in people.“One marker isnt going to do

40、it. You need a several more,“ says Sharpless. uThe perfect test doesnt exist, but Im certain that within my lifetime well have the ability to measure someones physiological age precisely.”Campisi adds, ult might take some time fbr experts to classify environmental exposures as gerontogens. But she n

41、otes that it took many decades to develop a good test for carcinogens, where hundreds of risk factors have been classified according to their potential for causing cancer. The field of aging is just taking its first steps towards that goal.8. At the beginning of the passage, the writer raised two qu

42、estions in a row in order to.A. convince the readers that genes are only part of the answerB. test whether the readers already have the answer or notC. hold the attention of the readers to find out the answerD. introduce the topic that aging is mostly determined by genesAccording to the passage, whi

43、ch of the following ideas does Sharpless probably agree with?A. Mental problems are not linked to the aging process.B. Studying molecular changes in old bodies is useless for the research.C. Anti-aging pills cannot make a big difference overnight.D. Senescent cells contain ten times less amount of p

44、l6 than usual as we get older.9. Shaplcsss team has carried out the mice experiment to prove that.A. Senescent cells multiply when mice grow older.B. Environmental factors can speed up the aging process.C. Mice are more likely to shine at an early age if exposed to geronlogens.D. The protein called

45、p!6 will make it easier to test potential gerontogens.10. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The research into aging is still at its early stage.B. A carcinogen is probably what reduces potential fbr causing cancer.C. The first step of studying aging is to classify risk factors.D. The goal

46、 of aging research is to classify hundreds of risk factors.11. According to the passage, Shapless most likely thinks the research on aging is.A. pessimisticB. promisingC. doubtfulD. successfulDOn paper, I was the perfect police officer. I had been a high school teacher fbr six years, was running mar

47、athons and had watched every single episode of Water Rats and my fair share of Blue Heelers. I was about to begin my dream job, something I had wanted for a long, long time. But life had other ideas. The first sign that my glorious police career was not going to go according (o plan happened in the

48、two-week training unit.On the first Monday of the Firearm Officer Safety Training (FOST) we were given Glocks (I had never held a gun before) and by Wednesday we were given our first test, shooting at targets. I started to get a sense I was in trouble when the guy next to me collected his target, ad

49、ded up his points and got a score of 38 out of a possible 36. Not only had I not got a single hole in my entire target, Fd also managed to get a few in his. On the bright side, thanks to me, he now holds a record that I am pretty sure cannot be broken!There was more trouble to come. Police officers learn to fire in a shooting gallery, bu