学术英语医学Unit.pptx

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1、Unit 1Doctors LifeDoctors are thought as noble,respectable,and caring,but it is really common to read or hear about the complaints of doctors being impatient and careless.What are the causes for such complaints?How can ordinary incidents influence the way doctors practice medicine?This unit explores

2、 doctors life from different perspectives so that you can understand them better.第1页/共101页Unit 1 Doctors LifeUnit ContentsLead-inText AText BText CListeningSpeakingWritingGet reading for Unit 2第2页/共101页Lead-inQuestions to be answeredBrainstorm Additional activityUnit 1 Doctors Life第3页/共101页Lead-inQu

3、estions to be answered What are the causes for complaints of doctors being impatient and careless?What kind of life does a doctor lead?How can ordinary incidents influence the way doctors practice medicine?Unit 1 Doctors Life第4页/共101页Lead-inBrainstorm Brainstorm a list of words and expressions relat

4、ed to a doctors life and practice.Unit 1 Doctors Life第5页/共101页Lead-inAdditional activity What do they mean for a doctor?a decent careera noble callingrespectableknowledgeableunder great pressureunderpaidmistrusteddangerousUnit 1 Doctors Life第6页/共101页Text A Critical reading and thinking Questions for

5、 discussion Topics for presentation Useful expressions Difficult sentencesLanguage building-up Signpost language Formal English Vocabulary testSuggested answersUnit 1 Doctors Life第7页/共101页Text A Critical reading and thinkingQuestions for discussion How do you interpret the title?neuron overloadjuggl

6、ing physicianUnit 1 Doctors Life第8页/共101页Text A Critical reading and thinkingTopics for presentation1 Do you agree that it is sheer neuron overload on the doctor side that leads to the complaint that doctors dont listen?neuron overloadpatients high expectationsmistrust and misunderstanding between t

7、he patients and physicianUnit 1 Doctors Life第9页/共101页2 Describe Mrs.Osorios condition.Text A Topics for presentationUnit 1 Doctors Life第10页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsa 56-year-old womansomewhat overweightreasonably well-controlled diabetes and hypertensioncholesterol on the high side without any

8、 medications for thisnot as much exercise as she shouldthinning of her bones on last DEXA scanstressful but good about keeping her appointments and getting her blood testsgenerally healthyUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第11页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsin my practice/in a medical p

9、racticeoverweightdiabeteshypertensioncholesterol on the high sideDEXA scanthinning of her bones/lower densitystressful lifekeep her appointments blood testsgenerally healthyan average patientnot excessively complicatedUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第12页/共101页Text A Topics for presen

10、tation3 What are the good and bad things about Mrs.Osorios conditions that run through the authors mind?Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第13页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsGood ThingsBlood tests doneGlucose a little betterHer blood pressure good but not greatBad ThingsHer weight a lit

11、tle upHer bones a little thin on the DEXAUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第14页/共101页Text A Useful expressions20-min consultationglucosestarting a statinliver enzymes normalfive fruits and vegetables diet choices30 min of walking each day exercisemorning sugars compare to her evening s

12、ugarsthe nutritionist/her eye doctor/the podiatristblood pressureadd another BP medmore pillsUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第15页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsstart a bisphosphonateprevent osteoporosisexperiencing just the usual stress of lifelurking depression or anxiety disorderth

13、e depression questionnairehealth maintenanceher last mammogramPAP smearcolonoscopya tetanus booster qualify for a pneumonia vaccineUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第16页/共101页Text A Topics for presentation4 Describe the situation when Mrs.Ororio might send the authors delicately balanc

14、ed three-ring circus tumbling down.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第17页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsThe author was in moderate state of panic:juggling so many thoughts about Mrs.Osorios conditions and trying to resolve them all before the clock ran down.Mrs.Osorio made a trivial re

15、quest,not so important as compared to her conditions.Mrs.Osorio seemed to care only about her“innocentand completely justifiedrequest”:the form signed by her doctor.The doctor tried to or at least pretend to pay attention to the patients while completing documentation.Complaints that doctors dont li

16、sten might have other reasons than just doctors neuron overload.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第18页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsthe diet-and-exercise discussionnot making eye contact with Mrs.Osorio(communication skills)get her lab resultscheck her mammogram reportdocument the pro

17、gress of her illnessesorder the testsrefill her prescriptionsUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第19页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsher insurance company/insurance form/lose my coveragedo her physical examinationher back painanything more than routine muscle strainplace into accurate and

18、 thorough documentationinteract with my patientUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第20页/共101页5 Compare multitasking in human beings and computers.Text A Topics for presentationUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第21页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsMultitasking originated in co

19、mputer science.Microprocessors in fact linear,actually performing only one task at a time.Multitasking just as an illusion both in computer and humans.At best,Human juggling only a handful of thoughts in this manner.The more thoughts we juggle,the less we are able to attune fully to any given though

20、t.Multitasking as a recipe for disasterUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第22页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsan insurance company formorder her mammogramrefill only five of her six medicinesfully explain the side-effects of one of her medicationsUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and t

21、hinking第23页/共101页6 Use numbers to justify that it is the juggling mind that keeps doctors awake at night.Text A Topics for presentationUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第24页/共101页Text A Useful expressions7 medical issues to consider5 separate thoughts,at least,for each issue 7 X 5=35 t

22、houghts10 patients that afternoon35 X 10=3505 residents under the authors supervision4 patients seen by each residents10 thoughts,at least,generated by each patients5 X 4 X 10=200350+200=550 thoughts to be handled in total If the doctor does a good job juggling 98%of the time,that still leaves ten t

23、houghts that might get lost in the process.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第25页/共101页Text A Useful expressionsmedical issues to considersupervise five residentsin a working daya disastrous outcomea possible lawsuitMost doctors are reasonably competent,caring individuals,but the overw

24、helming swirl of thoughts that we must keep track of leaves many of us in a perpetual panic that something serious might slip.This is what keeps us awake at night.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第26页/共101页7 What are possible solutions to the impossible high-wire act of jugglingcompet

25、ing details and panicking about slipping a critical one?Text A Topics for presentationUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第27页/共101页Text A Useful expressionscomputer-generated reminderscase managersancillary servicesthe simplest:timeUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第28页/共1

26、01页Text A Useful expressionsan hour for each patient a spectacular doctorSituation in China?the choices that practicing physicians face every day,with every patientrely on our clinical judgment to prioritisetransplant fielda dedicated and competent clinical partner such as a one-on-one nursemedical

27、budgetsUnit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第29页/共101页Text A Difficult Sentences1 that one stray request from a patienteven one that is quite relevantmight send the delicately balanced three-ring circus tumbling down.(Para.1)如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然崩塌一

28、样。Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第30页/共101页2.Im piling yet another pill onto her.(Para.3)我还要再给她另加一种药Text A Difficult SentencesUnit 1 Doctors Life第31页/共101页Text A Difficult Sentences shes caught one of my neurons in mid-fire(Para.4)她让我如火如荼的思绪戛然而止 My instinct is to put one hand up and

29、 keep all interruptions at bay.(Para.4)我的本能反应是举手，阻止她打断我的思路。Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第32页/共101页Text A Difficult Sentences We merely zip back and forth between them,generally losing accuracy in the process.(Para.7)我们人类只是在两个想法之间来回快速转换，通常 情况下，在转换的过程中丢失了精准。The more thoughts we jugg

30、le,the less we are able to attune fully to any given thought.(Para.8)The higher up,the heavier the fall.The more,the better.Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第33页/共101页Text A Difficult SentencesMy choices seem to boil down to entertaining fewer thoughts,accepting decreased accuracy for

31、 each thought,giving up on thorough documentation,or having a constant headache from neuronal overload.(Para.10)boil down to:归结为It boils down to a question of ethics.它可归结成一个伦理学问题。Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第34页/共101页Text A Difficult SentencesIn some cases,having a dedicated and

32、competent clinical partner such as a one-on-one nurse can come close to simulating a second brain,but most medical budgets dont allow for such staffing indulgence.(Para.12)有些情况下，有个专注、出色的临床搭档，如一对一的护士，就仿佛有了第二个大脑，不过大多数医疗预算不会如此大方，这样配备人员。Unit 1 Doctors LifeCritical reading and thinking第35页/共101页Text A La

33、nguage Building-up Signpost LanguageAn innocentand completely justifiedrequest,but (Para.5)What is the function of the parentheses/dashes in the sentence?Parenthetical statements:inserting additional information without creating a separate sentence and are often demonstrated by parentheses and dash.

34、Unit 1 Doctors Life第36页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal EnglishDegree of formality should be determined bythe audiencethe expectations of the audiencethe writers purposes For example,the writer of Text A employs informal language when recording her juggling thoughts,and a noticeable shift fr

35、om that of the rest of the article where formal style is consistently maintained.A juggling mind is vividly presented by informal and even ungrammatical use of language,such as“Maybe leave this until next time?”Unit 1 Doctors Life第37页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal EnglishFormal EnglishItis

36、usedinofficial,literary,academicwriting,orformalsocialevents.Itismorecommonlyusedinwritingthanspeech.Sentencesareoftenlongandcomplex.Contractionsareavoided.Informal EnglishItisusedineverydaypersonalconversationsorletterstofriends.It is more commonlyusedineverydayspeechthaninwriting.Sentences are oft

37、enshortandsimple.Contractionsarecommon.Unit 1 Doctors Life第38页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal EnglishFormal EnglishThepassivevoiceisoftenused,makingitsoundimpersonal.MuchvocabularyderivedfromFrenchandLatinisused.Colloquialterms,slangsandmanyphrasalverbsareavoided.Informal EnglishTheactivevo

38、iceisoftenused.VocabularyderivedfromFrenchandLatinisnotused.Colloquialterms,slangsandmanyphrasalverbsarecommon.Unit 1 Doctors Life第39页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal EnglishFormal EnglishTheresearchersidentified theimportant properties.Doctorshaveestablishedanewmethod.Thisappeared to rectif

39、ytheproblemInformal EnglishTheresearchersfound outwhatthe important thingswere.Doctorshavecome up withanewmethod.Thisseemed to fixtheproblemUnit 1 Doctors Life第40页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal EnglishFormal EnglishHiswords demonstrate that Details of the report are to be found onPage26.Th

40、eexperimentwascarried out/performed.Informal EnglishHiswords show that Youcan find out all aboutthereportonpage26.Theydidanexperiment.Unit 1 Doctors Life第41页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal English key to Task 31 Good thing she did her blood tests.Glucose is a little better.Cholesterol isnt

41、great.May need to think about starting a statin.Are her liver enzymes normal?(Para.3)Good signs include that she did her blood tests,and that her glucose level is a little better.However,her cholesterol level isnt great,and I may need to consider prescribing a statin for her.Furthermore,I wondered i

42、f her liver enzymes are normal.Unit 1 Doctors LifeTask 3 Rewrite the following sentences from Text A with a more formal style.第42页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal English key to Task 32 Has she been to the eye doctor?The podiatrist?(Para.3)Unit 1 Doctors LifeHas she been to the eye doctor an

43、d the podiatrist?第43页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal English key to Task 33 But now Im piling yet another pill onto her,and one that requires detailed instructions.Maybe leave this until next time?(Para.3)Unit 1 Doctors LifeBut now Im piling yet another pill onto her,and the pill requires d

44、etailed instructions.“Maybe,should I leave this until next time?”I thought.第44页/共101页Text A Language Building-up Formal English key to Task 34 Health maintenance:when was her last mammogram?PAP smear?(Para.3)Unit 1 Doctors LifeTo my mind came her health maintenance.I asked myself,“When did she recei

45、ve her last mammogram and PAP smear?”第45页/共101页Text A Vocabulary test _ overload（神经过载）a typical office _（典型的诊所就诊）DEXA _（DEXA扫描）medical _（行医）visitscanpracticeneuron/neuronal_ report（乳房X-线检查报告）_ examination（体检）_ of a medication（药物的副作用）mammogramside-effectsphysicalUnit 1 Doctors LifeLanguage Building-u

46、p 第46页/共101页Text A Vocabulary test_control（血压控制）health _（健康保持）perpetual _（永久的恐慌）_ physicians（执业医生）_ field（移植领域）medical _（医疗预算）paracetamol _（扑热息痛药片）_ cap（防孩子打开的盖子）panicblood pressuremaintenancepracticingtransplantbudgettabletchildproofUnit 1 Doctors LifeLanguage Building-up 第47页/共101页Text A Suggested

47、 answersUnit 1 Doctors LifeTask 1.2 Match each of the following English term and Chinese equivalent.pneumothoraxnutrienthypertensioncolonoscopymammectomyrefillneuralgiapodiatristnutritionistosteoporosisneurontransmittransplantpneumoniamammograma.移植b.高血压c.乳房X线照片d.结肠镜检查（术）e.神经元，神经细胞f.肺炎g.营养物h.神经痛i.营养学

48、家j.再配（处方）k.气胸l.传染m.骨质疏松n.足病医生o.乳房切除术kgbdojhnimeiafc第48页/共101页Text A Suggested answers language building-upUnit 1 Doctors LifeTask 1.2 Match each of the following definitions with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.EnglishChinese Definition1examination of the colon with a colonosco

49、pe2abnormally elevated blood pressure3an x-ray image of the breast4nerve cell5one who is trained or an expert in the field ofnutrition6a disease in which the bones become weakand break easilycolonoscopy结肠镜检查（术）hypertension高血压mammogram乳房X线照片neuron神经元，神经细胞nutritionist营养学家osteoporosis骨质疏松第49页/共101页Text

50、 A Suggested answers language building-upUnit 1 Doctors LifeTask 1.2 Match each of the following definitions with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.EnglishChinese Definition7inflammation of the lungs8one who is specialized in the diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of diseases of