大学英语公众演讲Chapter 5 Beginning and ending of the speech电子课件.pptx

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1、大学英语公众演讲Chapter 5 Beginning and ending of the speech电子课件Beginning and ending the speechContent Opening discussion Appreciating the speech Practice Building a deeper understanding The goals of this lecture Critical thinkingOpening DiscussionWhatis the beginning of a speech important?What do you usual

2、ly write at the beginning of speeches?Why is the ending of a speech also very important?After successfully completing this unit,you should be able to:understand how to capture listeners understand how to capture listeners understand how to capture listeners understand how to capture listeners attent

3、ionattentionattentionattention know how to write effective beginnings.know how to write effective beginnings.know how to write effective beginnings.know how to write effective beginnings.know how to write effective endingsknow how to write effective endingsknow how to write effective endingsknow how

4、 to write effective endingsBeginning the speechBeginning the speechThree basic goals Three basic goals Three basic goals Three basic goals 01Getting the attention of your audience Getting the attention of your audience Getting the attention of your audience Getting the attention of your audience 02S

5、tate the topic and preview the speechState the topic and preview the speechState the topic and preview the speechState the topic and preview the speech03Establish your credibility Establish your credibility Establish your credibility Establish your credibility Six Six devicesdevicesCiting a quotatio

6、n 1Telling a story 2Asking a question 3Stimulating the imagination 4Using statistics5Using analogy 6Citing a quotationThe quotes can be from experts,famous The quotes can be from experts,famous The quotes can be from experts,famous The quotes can be from experts,famous singers,basketball stars,or po

7、ets.singers,basketball stars,or poets.singers,basketball stars,or poets.singers,basketball stars,or poets.Here is the beginning of a students self-Here is the beginning of a students self-Here is the beginning of a students self-Here is the beginning of a students self-introductory speech:introducto

8、ry speech:introductory speech:introductory speech:As Thoreau said,“Life is not worth living As Thoreau said,“Life is not worth living As Thoreau said,“Life is not worth living As Thoreau said,“Life is not worth living unoless ytou choose it and give it unoless ytou choose it and give it unoless ytou

9、 choose it and give it unoless ytou choose it and give it value.”In my free time,I often ask value.”In my free time,I often ask value.”In my free time,I often ask value.”In my free time,I often ask myself:What kind of life should I live and myself:What kind of life should I live and myself:What kind

10、 of life should I live and myself:What kind of life should I live and what meaning should I give to life?What what meaning should I give to life?What what meaning should I give to life?What what meaning should I give to life?What are some essential values in life?My are some essential values in life

11、?My are some essential values in life?My are some essential values in life?My answer is:Love what I own,do what I love,answer is:Love what I own,do what I love,answer is:Love what I own,do what I love,answer is:Love what I own,do what I love,and keep going onand keep going onand keep going onand kee

12、p going onTelling a story Telling a story is the most powerful way Telling a story is the most powerful way Telling a story is the most powerful way Telling a story is the most powerful way to open a speech sine we are interested to open a speech sine we are interested to open a speech sine we are i

13、nterested to open a speech sine we are interested in other poeples lives.in other poeples lives.in other poeples lives.in other poeples lives.Here is how succesful expert Richard St.Here is how succesful expert Richard St.Here is how succesful expert Richard St.Here is how succesful expert Richard S

14、t.John starts his TED talk“Eight Secrets of John starts his TED talk“Eight Secrets of John starts his TED talk“Eight Secrets of John starts his TED talk“Eight Secrets of Success”:Success”:Success”:Success”:This is really a two-hour presentation I give to high school This is really a two-hour present

15、ation I give to high school This is really a two-hour presentation I give to high school This is really a two-hour presentation I give to high school students,cut down to thre minutes.And it all started oine students,cut down to thre minutes.And it all started oine students,cut down to thre minutes.

16、And it all started oine students,cut down to thre minutes.And it all started oine day on a plane,on my way to TED,seven years ago.And in the day on a plane,on my way to TED,seven years ago.And in the day on a plane,on my way to TED,seven years ago.And in the day on a plane,on my way to TED,seven yea

17、rs ago.And in the seaat next to me was a high school student,a teenager,and seaat next to me was a high school student,a teenager,and seaat next to me was a high school student,a teenager,and seaat next to me was a high school student,a teenager,and she came from a really poor family.And she wanted

18、to make she came from a really poor family.And she wanted to make she came from a really poor family.And she wanted to make she came from a really poor family.And she wanted to make something of her life,and she asked me a simple little something of her life,and she asked me a simple little somethin

19、g of her life,and she asked me a simple little something of her life,and she asked me a simple little question.She said,“What leads to success?”And I felt question.She said,“What leads to success?”And I felt question.She said,“What leads to success?”And I felt question.She said,“What leads to succes

20、s?”And I felt really badly,because I coudnt give her a good answer.really badly,because I coudnt give her a good answer.really badly,because I coudnt give her a good answer.really badly,because I coudnt give her a good answer.Asking a question Good questions can capture the attention Good questions

21、can capture the attention Good questions can capture the attention Good questions can capture the attention of your audience.of your audience.of your audience.of your audience.However,do not ask questions for the However,do not ask questions for the However,do not ask questions for the However,do no

22、t ask questions for the sake of asking questions.sake of asking questions.sake of asking questions.sake of asking questions.Two pitfalls should be aovided when Two pitfalls should be aovided when Two pitfalls should be aovided when Two pitfalls should be aovided when asking quesitons:do not ask pers

23、onal asking quesitons:do not ask personal asking quesitons:do not ask personal asking quesitons:do not ask personal quesitons:do not ask technical and quesitons:do not ask technical and quesitons:do not ask technical and quesitons:do not ask technical and challenging questions.challenging questions.

24、challenging questions.challenging questions.Stimulating the imagination Another way to involve your audience is Another way to involve your audience is Another way to involve your audience is Another way to involve your audience is to stimulate their imagination by to stimulate their imagination by

25、to stimulate their imagination by to stimulate their imagination by describing once scene the audience is describing once scene the audience is describing once scene the audience is describing once scene the audience is familiar with.familiar with.familiar with.familiar with.This device requires the

26、 speaker do some This device requires the speaker do some This device requires the speaker do some This device requires the speaker do some good audience analysis.good audience analysis.good audience analysis.good audience analysis.Using statisticsUsing a startling statistics is also an Using a star

27、tling statistics is also an Using a startling statistics is also an Using a startling statistics is also an effective attention-getter at the effective attention-getter at the effective attention-getter at the effective attention-getter at the beginning of a speech.beginning of a speech.beginning of

28、 a speech.beginning of a speech.Using analogyTo draw the audiences attention from a To draw the audiences attention from a To draw the audiences attention from a To draw the audiences attention from a familiar subject to an unfamiliar or familiar subject to an unfamiliar or familiar subject to an un

29、familiar or familiar subject to an unfamiliar or technical one,you can use an analogy to technical one,you can use an analogy to technical one,you can use an analogy to technical one,you can use an analogy to help the audience figure out the help the audience figure out the help the audience figure

30、out the help the audience figure out the similarities or differences.similarities or differences.similarities or differences.similarities or differences.An analogy should be simple,direct and An analogy should be simple,direct and An analogy should be simple,direct and An analogy should be simple,di

31、rect and relevant.relevant.relevant.relevant.Once you have gained the audiences Once you have gained the audiences Once you have gained the audiences Once you have gained the audiences attention,state the topic or purpose of attention,state the topic or purpose of attention,state the topic or purpos

32、e of attention,state the topic or purpose of your speech so that the audience is your speech so that the audience is your speech so that the audience is your speech so that the audience is psychologically prepared for what to psychologically prepared for what to psychologically prepared for what to

33、psychologically prepared for what to expect from the speech.expect from the speech.expect from the speech.expect from the speech.The third goal of a speech beginning is The third goal of a speech beginning is The third goal of a speech beginning is The third goal of a speech beginning is to establis

34、h your credibility to speak on to establish your credibility to speak on to establish your credibility to speak on to establish your credibility to speak on your topic.your topic.your topic.your topic.As a student,you can enhance your As a student,you can enhance your As a student,you can enhance yo

35、ur As a student,you can enhance your credibility by telling the audience lthat credibility by telling the audience lthat credibility by telling the audience lthat credibility by telling the audience lthat you have done adequate research or you have done adequate research or you have done adequate re

36、search or you have done adequate research or drawing on your own experience with the drawing on your own experience with the drawing on your own experience with the drawing on your own experience with the topic.topic.topic.topic.Do not prepare the introduction firstGuidelines for introductionsKeep t

37、he introduction brief but not too briefKeep a file of potential introductionsPlan the introduction word for wordEnding the speechEnding the speechAn effective conclusion does two things:An effective conclusion does two things:An effective conclusion does two things:An effective conclusion does two t

38、hings:1.1.1.1.signals the end of the speech signals the end of the speech 2.2.2.2.reinforces the main idea of the speechreinforces the main idea of the speechSignaling the end To get the listeners prepared for the To get the listeners prepared for the To get the listeners prepared for the To get the

39、 listeners prepared for the ending psychologically,the speaker can ending psychologically,the speaker can ending psychologically,the speaker can ending psychologically,the speaker can provide either verbal or nonverbal signalsprovide either verbal or nonverbal signalsprovide either verbal or nonverb

40、al signalsprovide either verbal or nonverbal signalsVerbal signals:Verbal signals:Verbal signals:Verbal signals:“In conclusion“In conclusion“In conclusion“In conclusion，”“to sum”“to sum”“to sum”“to sum up,”Let me end my speech by saying.”up,”Let me end my speech by saying.”up,”Let me end my speech b

41、y saying.”up,”Let me end my speech by saying.”Nonverbal signals:Nonverbal signals:Nonverbal signals:Nonverbal signals:changing the rate of changing the rate of changing the rate of changing the rate of speech,the pitch,facial expressions and speech,the pitch,facial expressions and speech,the pitch,f

42、acial expressions and speech,the pitch,facial expressions and the use of gestures.the use of gestures.the use of gestures.the use of gestures.Reinforcing the speechSummarizing your speechSummarizing your speechSummarizing your speechSummarizing your speechUsing a quotationUsing a quotationUsing a qu

43、otationUsing a quotationIssuing an appeal or a challengeIssuing an appeal or a challengeIssuing an appeal or a challengeIssuing an appeal or a challengeReferring to the introductionReferring to the introductionReferring to the introductionReferring to the introductionReinforcing the speechReinforcin

44、g the speechReinforcing the speechReinforcing the speechDont apologize 01Dont end unprepared02Dont bring in new main points03Watch the speech given by Derek Watch the speech given by Derek Watch the speech given by Derek Watch the speech given by Derek Sivers and answer the following Sivers and answ

45、er the following Sivers and answer the following Sivers and answer the following questions:questions:questions:questions:1.1.1.1.What strategy does the speaker What strategy does the speaker What strategy does the speaker What strategy does the speaker use to gain the audiences use to gain the audie

46、nces use to gain the audiences use to gain the audiences attention in the beginning.attention in the beginning.attention in the beginning.attention in the beginning.2.2.2.2.How does the speaker support his How does the speaker support his How does the speaker support his How does the speaker support

47、 his idea?idea?idea?idea?3.3.3.3.What strategies does the speaker What strategies does the speaker What strategies does the speaker What strategies does the speaker use to wrap up the speech?use to wrap up the speech?use to wrap up the speech?use to wrap up the speech?Task oneTask oneTask oneTask on

48、e：Attention-getting deviceAttention-getting deviceAttention-getting deviceAttention-getting deviceMake a list of the attention-getting Make a list of the attention-getting Make a list of the attention-getting Make a list of the attention-getting devices you might use to give a speech on devices you

49、might use to give a speech on devices you might use to give a speech on devices you might use to give a speech on the importance of doing voluntary work.the importance of doing voluntary work.the importance of doing voluntary work.the importance of doing voluntary work.Which do you think would be mo

50、st Which do you think would be most Which do you think would be most Which do you think would be most effective?Why?effective?Why?effective?Why?effective?Why?Topic:The importance of doing voluntary Topic:The importance of doing voluntary work work Task twoTask twoTask twoTask two：Devices to end a sp