大学英语公众演讲Chapter 11 Informative speech电子课件.pptx

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1、大学英语公众演讲Chapter 11 Informative speech电子课件Informative speech Content Opening discussion Appreciating the speech Practice Building a deeper understanding The goals of this lecture Critical thinkingOpening DiscussionWhatdo you think the term“inform”means?Have you listened to or been asked to give a for

2、mal informative speech?What was it about?If a meeting host asked you to give an informative speech,what questions would you ask when you are preparing the speech?After successfully completing this unit,you should be able to:know the goals of an informative speechknow the goals of an informative spee

3、chknow the goals of an informative speechknow the goals of an informative speech identify different types of informative speeches identify different types of informative speeches identify different types of informative speeches identify different types of informative speeches and describe their usea

4、nd describe their useand describe their useand describe their use understand how to choose the best organizational understand how to choose the best organizational understand how to choose the best organizational understand how to choose the best organizational pattern for a specific informative spe

5、echpattern for a specific informative speechpattern for a specific informative speechpattern for a specific informative speech employ strategies for effective informative employ strategies for effective informative employ strategies for effective informative employ strategies for effective informati

6、ve speakingspeakingspeakingspeakingSpeeches about objectsTypes of informative speechesSpeeches about conceptsSpeeches about processesSpeeches about eventsSpeeches about objectsSpeeches about objects convey information Speeches about objects convey information Speeches about objects convey informatio

7、n Speeches about objects convey information about anything that is tangible.about anything that is tangible.about anything that is tangible.about anything that is tangible.This is a quite broad category,so the This is a quite broad category,so the This is a quite broad category,so the This is a quit

8、e broad category,so the speaker should get something new out of a speaker should get something new out of a speaker should get something new out of a speaker should get something new out of a familiar object or otherwise select an familiar object or otherwise select an familiar object or otherwise s

9、elect an familiar object or otherwise select an object that his/her audience may not be object that his/her audience may not be object that his/her audience may not be object that his/her audience may not be familiar withfamiliar withfamiliar withfamiliar withThe term“object”can also refer to The te

10、rm“object”can also refer to The term“object”can also refer to The term“object”can also refer to fictional or real people who are living or fictional or real people who are living or fictional or real people who are living or fictional or real people who are living or dead.dead.dead.dead.Speeches abo

11、ut processesInformative speeches about processes Informative speeches about processes Informative speeches about processes Informative speeches about processes provide a series of steps or phases of a provide a series of steps or phases of a provide a series of steps or phases of a provide a series

12、of steps or phases of a procedure or natural occurrence.procedure or natural occurrence.procedure or natural occurrence.procedure or natural occurrence.It usually contains“how to”implicitly or It usually contains“how to”implicitly or It usually contains“how to”implicitly or It usually contains“how t

13、o”implicitly or explicitly.explicitly.explicitly.explicitly.Speeches about eventsInformative speeches about events focus on Informative speeches about events focus on Informative speeches about events focus on Informative speeches about events focus on past occurrences or ongoing events.past occurre

14、nces or ongoing events.past occurrences or ongoing events.past occurrences or ongoing events.It is crucial to include some background It is crucial to include some background It is crucial to include some background It is crucial to include some background knowledge for the event,but try not to know

15、ledge for the event,but try not to knowledge for the event,but try not to knowledge for the event,but try not to just rehash commonly know materials.just rehash commonly know materials.just rehash commonly know materials.just rehash commonly know materials.Speeches about conceptsInformative speeches

16、 about concepts are not Informative speeches about concepts are not Informative speeches about concepts are not Informative speeches about concepts are not as concrete as speeches about objects,as as concrete as speeches about objects,as as concrete as speeches about objects,as as concrete as speech

17、es about objects,as they focus on notions or ideas that may be they focus on notions or ideas that may be they focus on notions or ideas that may be they focus on notions or ideas that may be abstract or multifaceted.abstract or multifaceted.abstract or multifaceted.abstract or multifaceted.Concept

18、speeches can range from the topics Concept speeches can range from the topics Concept speeches can range from the topics Concept speeches can range from the topics about economy,religion,politics,or about economy,religion,politics,or about economy,religion,politics,or about economy,religion,politics

19、,or relationships to any non-tangible theory or relationships to any non-tangible theory or relationships to any non-tangible theory or relationships to any non-tangible theory or idea.idea.idea.idea.Organizational patterns of informative speechOrganizational patterns of informative speechChronologi

20、cal orderChronological orderChronological orderChronological orderSpatial orderSpatial orderSpatial orderSpatial orderCause-effect orderCause-effect orderCause-effect orderCause-effect orderProblem-solution orderProblem-solution orderProblem-solution orderProblem-solution orderTopical orderTopical o

21、rderTopical orderTopical orderChronological orderChronological order arranges details or Chronological order arranges details or Chronological order arranges details or Chronological order arranges details or events according to the order in which they events according to the order in which they eve

22、nts according to the order in which they events according to the order in which they take place in time.take place in time.take place in time.take place in time.This pattern show the audience not only This pattern show the audience not only This pattern show the audience not only This pattern show t

23、he audience not only what happens at each step,but also how what happens at each step,but also how what happens at each step,but also how what happens at each step,but also how each step changes the central focus of the each step changes the central focus of the each step changes the central focus o

24、f the each step changes the central focus of the speech.speech.speech.speech.Chronological order is more verstaile than Chronological order is more verstaile than Chronological order is more verstaile than Chronological order is more verstaile than informative process.informative process.informative

25、 process.informative process.Chronological order arranges details or Chronological order arranges details or Chronological order arranges details or Chronological order arranges details or events according to the order in which they events according to the order in which they events according to the

26、 order in which they events according to the order in which they take place in time.take place in time.take place in time.take place in time.This pattern show the audience not only This pattern show the audience not only This pattern show the audience not only This pattern show the audience not only

27、 what happens at each step,but also how what happens at each step,but also how what happens at each step,but also how what happens at each step,but also how each step changes the central focus of the each step changes the central focus of the each step changes the central focus of the each step chan

28、ges the central focus of the speech.speech.speech.speech.Chronological order is more verstaile than Chronological order is more verstaile than Chronological order is more verstaile than Chronological order is more verstaile than informative process.informative process.informative process.informative

29、 process.Spatial orderSpatial order helps to explain material to Spatial order helps to explain material to Spatial order helps to explain material to Spatial order helps to explain material to the audience by highlightening how things the audience by highlightening how things the audience by highli

30、ghtening how things the audience by highlightening how things are physically related to each other in a are physically related to each other in a are physically related to each other in a are physically related to each other in a defined area or space.defined area or space.defined area or space.defi

31、ned area or space.Taking spatial order,the speaker can go in Taking spatial order,the speaker can go in Taking spatial order,the speaker can go in Taking spatial order,the speaker can go in a clockwise/counterclockwise direction,or a clockwise/counterclockwise direction,or a clockwise/counterclockwi

32、se direction,or a clockwise/counterclockwise direction,or start form the front and go to the back,or start form the front and go to the back,or start form the front and go to the back,or start form the front and go to the back,or go from top to bottom,as long as you list go from top to bottom,as lon

33、g as you list go from top to bottom,as long as you list go from top to bottom,as long as you list things in a logical order.things in a logical order.things in a logical order.things in a logical order.Cause-effect orderCause-effect order is a specific form of Cause-effect order is a specific form o

34、f Cause-effect order is a specific form of Cause-effect order is a specific form of the chronological organizational pattern,the chronological organizational pattern,the chronological organizational pattern,the chronological organizational pattern,which deals with one or more causes that which deals

35、 with one or more causes that which deals with one or more causes that which deals with one or more causes that result in a particular event.result in a particular event.result in a particular event.result in a particular event.Problem-solution orderTaking a problem-solution order,the Taking a probl

36、em-solution order,the Taking a problem-solution order,the Taking a problem-solution order,the speaker focuses on his/her explanation speaker focuses on his/her explanation speaker focuses on his/her explanation speaker focuses on his/her explanation around a problem and its solution.around a problem

37、 and its solution.around a problem and its solution.around a problem and its solution.Topical orderTopical order,or called categorical order,Topical order,or called categorical order,Topical order,or called categorical order,Topical order,or called categorical order,often takes form when you want to

38、 focus on often takes form when you want to focus on often takes form when you want to focus on often takes form when you want to focus on a specific aspect of a topic.That is,you a specific aspect of a topic.That is,you a specific aspect of a topic.That is,you a specific aspect of a topic.That is,y

39、ou organize your speech around the theme of organize your speech around the theme of organize your speech around the theme of organize your speech around the theme of that aspect.that aspect.that aspect.that aspect.Avoiding information overload 01Avoiding persuasion02Engaging your audience03Avoiding

40、 information overload1.1.Narrowing your speechNarrowing your speech A speech with a scope that is too broad hinders A speech with a scope that is too broad hinders the audiences ability to process information.the audiences ability to process information.Thus,a speech should be narrowed by asking the

41、 Thus,a speech should be narrowed by asking the quesiton,“what information do I want my audience quesiton,“what information do I want my audience to learn at the end of my speech?”to learn at the end of my speech?”2.Tailoring complexity to your audience2.Tailoring complexity to your audience When wr

42、iting,you should always take your When writing,you should always take your audiences current knowledge and expectations into audiences current knowledge and expectations into account so as to help the audience to better account so as to help the audience to better understand your speech.understand y

43、our speech.Avoiding persuasionInformative speechs need to demonstrate in a Informative speechs need to demonstrate in a neutral way why the audience should care about the neutral way why the audience should care about the information contained in the speech.information contained in the speech.Speake

44、rs can look to three aspects to help Speakers can look to three aspects to help determine whether their speech is more informative determine whether their speech is more informative or persuasive:or persuasive:Speakers purposeAFunction of informationBPerception of the audienceCEngaging you audienceT

45、here are three additional tips that will also help There are three additional tips that will also help make your informative speech a success.make your informative speech a success.Demonstrating the relevance of the topicAMaking connectionsBMaking it memorableC1.Do you think this is a speech about a

46、n Do you think this is a speech about an object,process,event or concept?object,process,event or concept?2.What is the speakers thesis statement?What is the speakers thesis statement?3.What methods of organization does the What methods of organization does the speaker use?speaker use?4.Do you think

47、the organizational pattern Do you think the organizational pattern helps you easily recall the key helps you easily recall the key information of the speech?information of the speech?5.How does the speaker gain attention and How does the speaker gain attention and interest in the speech?interest in

48、the speech?Task oneTask oneTask oneTask one：Brainstorming topics and thesis statemnetsBrainstorming topics and thesis statemnetsBrainstorming topics and thesis statemnetsBrainstorming topics and thesis statemnetsBrainstorm four potential topics for your Brainstorm four potential topics for your info

49、rmative speech and prepare a thesis informative speech and prepare a thesis statement for each of the four.Make sure statement for each of the four.Make sure your four thesis statement include one your four thesis statement include one that deals with its topic as an object,that deals with its topic

50、 as an object,one that deals with its topic as a one that deals with its topic as a process,one that deals with its topic as process,one that deals with its topic as an event,and one that deals with its an event,and one that deals with its topic as a concept.topic as a concept.Task twoTask twoTask t