2022年高考复习动词时态和语态ppt课件(完整版).pptx

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1、高高考考语语法法复复习习系系列列一一动动词词时时态态和和语语态态一一 .一般一般现现在在时时1.一般一般用用法法 :1 表表示示现现在在经经常性或常性或习习惯惯性性的的动动作作。时间时间状状语语 :every,sometimes,often,always.e.g.He often(go)to the cinema.goes2 表表示示现现si在在ng的的s 能力能力、特征、特征、职职业业等等 。e.g.He(sing)well.（能力能力）3 表表示示客客观观真理真理、is 科科学学事事实实 、格、格言言等等。e.g.Knowledge(be)power.（客（客观观真真 理理）2.特特别别用

2、用法法 :e.g.The train1 时时间间、条件、条件、让让步状步状语语从从句句中中 ,主主将从将从现现 原原则则 .havee.g.I will write to her when sI_ays(have)time.Next time Ill do as he(say).2 表示按表示按规规定、定、时间时间表表 、计计划或安排要划或安排要发发生生的的动动作作 ,用一般用一般现现在在时时表将表将来来 .l_eave_s(leave)at 12:00.基本构成：主动语态：动词动词原原形形 或am/is/arev.-s/es(三三 .单单 )doesbehavehasdogogoesstud

3、ystudiese.g.He _leaves(leave)early every morning.She is a good girl and studies(study)hard.My father _goes_(go)home late every day.被被动语动语态态：am/is/are+donee.g.Oh,I am b_i t_t e n(bite)by a snake.Many books _a_r_e_s_o l d(sell)in the bookstore every year.The child is_t_aken(take)good care of.We often

4、clean the table.(变被动语态)二二 .一一般般过过去去时时态态（did 式式）:1.基基本用本用法法 :1 表表示示过过去去发发生生的的动动作作或或存存在的在的状状态态 .时时间间状状语语：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982,just now 等等e.g.He bought(buy)the computer five years ago.2)表表示示过过去去经经常常性性或或习习惯惯性性的的动动作作 .e.g.We oftenplaye_d_(play)together when we were c hild

5、ren.注注 :表表示示过过去去习惯习惯性性的的动动作作 ,可可用用 would,used to,e.g.He used to go to work by bus.2.2.特特别别用用法法 :(了了解解 )过过去去时时表表示示现现在在，表表示示委委婉婉语语气气 :1)1)动动词词 want,hope,wonder,think,intend 等等 :e.g.I wondered if you could help me.能能不能不能帮帮我我一一下下。2)情情态动态动词词could,would。e.g.Could you lend me your bike?能能借用借用一一下下你你的自的自行行车车

6、吗吗？基本构成：主主动动语语态态：v-edbewas/werego/goese.g.He _left _(leave)early every morning last year.My father went(go)home late yesterday.When I was young,I studied(study)hard.do/doesdidwentbuyhave/hashadstudy/studiesstudiedbought被被动语动语态态：was/were+donee.g.He _w_a s b_i_t t_e_n (bite)by a snake just now.Many bo

7、oks _w_ere_sold(sell)in the bookstore two years ago.When he was a child,he w a_s_t_a_k e n(take)good care of.Shewas praised(praise)by her teacher.三三 .一一般般将将来来时时 :1.will+动词动词原原形形表示表示纯纯粹的将粹的将来来e.g.He will be(be)19 years old next week.e.g.You forgot to turn off the light.-Oh,so I did.I will_go_(go)and

8、turn it off.e.g.The radio says it will be(be)sunny tomorrow.2.be going to+动动词词原原形形（2 种种常常见见用用法法）1)强强调调打算打算计计划划做做某某事事e.g.I am going to write(write)a novel next year.e.g.Heis going to buy(buy)a big house in 2014.2)表表示示有迹有迹象象表表明明要要发发生生 .e.g.Look at the clouds.It looks as if it is going to rain(rain).3.

9、be+to do 常常表表示示有有义义务务应该应该做做 .e.g.I work as a baby-sitter so I (take)good care of the baby.am to take有有时时也表也表示示注注定定要要 .或或打打算算 .e.g.Your plan(be)a failure.is to bee.g.We are to discuss(discuss)the report next Saturday.4.be about to do.(when)正正要要做做 .的的时时候候，正在那正在那时发时发生生了了 .e.g.Iw a_s abou_t to_go _(go)o

10、ut when the telephone rang.e.g.I was about to explainwhenshe interrupted me.了了解解：be about to do 不不能能与与 tomorrow,next week等等表表示明示明确确将将来来的的时时间间状状语语连连用用。被被动语态动语态结结构构：will+be done将将要要被被 .e.g.The problem will be discussed(discuss)tomorrow.(finish)nexte.g.The work Sunday.will be finished翻译1.1.上海位于中国上海位于中国

11、东东部。部。（lie in）2.2.地球是地球是圆圆的的。3.3.她每天早她每天早上上 7 点离开家去学校点离开家去学校。4.4.地球地球围绕围绕太阳太阳转转 。5.5.他他们们想要好工作想要好工作。6.6.这项这项工作我不工作我不满满意。意。（satisfy）7.7.我喜我喜欢欢古典音古典音乐乐 。1.Shanghai lies in the east of China.2.The earth is round.3.I leave home for school at 7 every morning.4.The earth moves around the sun.5.They want g

12、ood jobs.6.This work does not satisfy me.7.I love classical music.8.8.太阳从太阳从东东方方升起在西升起在西方方落下落下。9.9.比比尔尔盖盖茨是世界茨是世界上上最富有的人最富有的人。当他当他小小 的的时时候，他喜候，他喜欢欢玩玩电脑电脑游游戏戏。10.10.他今他今天天上午没上上午没上课课。11.11.我昨天感我昨天感到到很累，因很累，因为为我打我打篮篮球球了了。12.12.今天今天早早上我上我迟迟到到了了。13.13.如果如果明明天不下雨天不下雨，我我将去将去远远足足。14.14.十年十年后后，我将会有我将会有一一个快个快

13、乐乐的的家家庭庭，过过上幸福的上幸福的生生活活。8.The sunrises in the east and sets in the w est.9.Bill Gates is the richest man in the world.When he was young,he liked to play computer games.10.He didnt have classes this morning.11.I felt very tired last night because I played bas ketball.12.I was late this morning.13.If

14、it doesnt rain tomorrow,I will go hiking.14.Ten years later,I will have a happy family and l ive a happy life.15.15.我相我相信信我我们们会会成成功的，只功的，只要要我我们们努努力力。16.16.他打他打算算明年夏明年夏天天去国外去国外。17.17.现现在很多人在很多人说说英英语语。（主。（主动动、被、被动动）18.18.这这扇扇窗窗户户昨天昨天被被打破了打破了。19.19.这这项项工作将工作将于于 2015 年完成年完成。15.I believe we will succeed

15、as long as we work hard.16.He is going to go abroad next summer.17.Nowadays many people speak English.English is spoken by many people nowad ays.18.The window was broken yesterday.19.The work will be finished in 2015.高考题探究：If he,1.I dont know if he C.Ill let you know.A.will come;will comeB.comes;com

16、esC.will come;comesD.comes;will come2.-Kate has come back home from her l ong holidays abroad.-Oh,really?I.visit her.A.didnt know;Ill go andB.dont know;Ill go andC.dont know;Im going toD.didnt know;Im going toAA.has joinedC.had joinedB.joinsD.joinedA.is expectedC.expectsB.is expectingD.will be expec

17、ted3.Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?Yes,since she D _ the Chinese Society.4.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front Ato arrive.A.rainedC.has rainedB.rainsD.is rainingA.will increaseC.have increasedB.have been increasinD.would be increasing5.If the weather had been better,

18、we could have had a picnic.But it Aall day.6.If their marketing plans succeed,theyAtheir sales by 20 percent.A.mightC.couldB.shouldD.would.8.Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?Whoit?B.has writtenA.writesC.wroteD.had written7.John promised his doctor he _D not smoke,and he has not smoked ever

19、 since.C过过去将来去将来时时(wait)for us ate.g.She said she w_oul_d w_ait the train station.e.g.They told us that the treeswould be planted (plant)soon.常用在常用在宾语宾语从从句句中，表示中，表示过过去的将去的将来来would+dowould+be done现现在在进进行行时时 :基基本本构成构成：am/is/are+doing基基本本用法用法：1.表表示示说话说话时时正正在在发发生生的的事事情情。e.g.We are having(have)a meeting.

20、2.表表示示现现阶阶段段正正在在进进行行的的动动作作 ,说说话话时动时动作作未未必必 正正在在进进行行。（表示表示现现阶阶段段一直一直在在）e.g.He is teaching(teach)in a school.3.表示表示趋趋向向性性动词动词用用现现在在进进行行时时表表将将来来 .e.g.I am leaving(leave)tomorrow.4.现现在在进进行行时时与与 always/constantly/conti nually 等等连连用用 ,表表示示称称赞赞、惊惊讶讶、厌厌恶恶等等感感 情情色色彩彩翻翻译译：她她总总是是帮帮助助别别人人。e.g.Shes always helpin

21、g others.被被动语态动语态：A.is builtC.is being builtB.buildsD.is building结结构构：am/is/are+being done 正正在在被被 .Youd better not choose this road.The bridge C(build).过过去去进进行行时时基本基本构构成成：was/were+doing基基本用法本用法：1.表表示示过过去去某一某一时时间间 /时时段段正在正在进进行行的的动动作作。e.g.When he came in,Iwas remembering (remember)English words.-Hey,l

22、ook where you are going!-Oh,Im terribly sorry.(99 N)A.Im not noticingC.I havent noticeB.I wasnt noticingD.I dont notice2.过过去去进进行行时时与与 always/constantly/cont inually 等等连连用用 ,表示表示过过去去对对主主语语称称赞赞、惊惊讶讶、厌厌恶恶等等。e.g.He was continually asking her questions after class.3.趋趋向向性性动动词词用用在在宾宾语语从从句句中，中，表表示示过过 去将去将来

23、来要要发发生的生的动动作作。e.g.He said that he _was coming(come)to see you the next month.被被动语态动语态：结结构构：was/were+being done 过过去正在被去正在被e.g.The tool was being made(make)when I got there.将来将来进进行行时时结构：will be+doing基本基本用用法法 :表示将来表示将来某某一一时间时间正正在在进进行的行的动动作作 .When I get home at 9:00 tomorrow,my son will be watching TV.高

24、考题探究：1.You were out when I dropped in at yo ur house.Oh,Ifor a friend from England a t the airport.（2004 年年福福建建卷卷）A.was waitingC.am waitingB.had waitedD.have waitedA.is playingC.are playingB.have playedD.Play3.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technologyso rapidly.(20

25、01 N)A.is changingC.will have changedB.has changedD.will change2.E-mail,as well as telephone,A_ an important par t in daily communication.(99 上上海海 )A4.-Excuse me,Sir.Would you do me a favor?A.had wonderedC.would wonderB.was wonderingD.did wonderA.has restoredC.is restoringB.has been restoredD.is bei

26、ng restored-Of course.What is it?-I Bif you could tell me how to fill out this form.(02 北北京京 )5.The church tower which D will be open to tourists so on.The work is almost finished.(10 上上海海 31)next month.(2001 北北京京春春季季 )A.will be builtC.has been builtB.is builtD.is being built6.A new cinemaD_ here.Th

27、ey hope to finish itA.has gradedC.is being gradedB.is gradedD.is grading7.Have you handed in your schoolwork y e t?Yes，I have.I guess it Cnow.(07 辽辽宁宁 22)8.The telephone，but by the time Igot indoors，it stopped.(08 四川 7)A.had rung C.ringsB.was ringing D.has rungB9.Teenagers Btheir health because they

28、 p lay computer games too much.(08 重庆 35)A.have damagedB.are damagingC.dam agedD.will damageHomework：1.Rainforestsand burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in t he near future.(2002 上上海海春春季季 )A.cutC.are being cutB.are cutD.had been cutC2.Whats that noise?Oh,I forgot to tell

29、you.The new machine.(08 浙浙江江A.was testedC.is being testedB.will be testedD.has been testedCA.sellC.had soldB.were sellingD.have sold3.I walked slowly through the market,where peopleall kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought wh at I needed.（10 湖湖南南 31）BA.waited C.hav

30、e waitedB.had been waiting D.am waiting4.Have you got any job offers?No.I D.(0 8 辽辽宁宁 29)5.Has Sam finished his homework today?I have no idea.Heit this morning.（2004 年年全国卷全国卷）C.A.didwas doingB.has doneD.had done6.Did you see a man in black pass by ju st n o w?No,sir.I a newspaper.(07 四四川川 30)A.readB

31、.was rC.would readeading D.am reading15.(07 全国 15)Is there anything wrong，Bob?You look sad.Oh，nothing much.In fact，I of my friends back home.A.have just thoughtB.was just t h i n k i n g C.would just thinkD.will just be thinking答案B17.(07 北京 35)It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.Oh

32、，dont mention it.Ipast your house a n y w a y.A.was coming d comeB.will comeC.ha D.have come答案A解析句意为：“你让我搭便车回家真是太好了。”“噢，不用客气，反正我当时正好经过你家。”此处用过去进 行时表示过去某个时间内正在进行的动作。have/has done四四 .现现在在完成完成时时基基本构成本构成：基基本本用用法法 :1 表示表示一一个个动动作作发发生生在在过过去去 ,已已经经完完成成 ,且且 对对现现在在造造成成影影响响或或结结果果 .e.g.He has left the city.（结结果

33、果 :他他不不在在这这个个城城市市）Someone has broken the window.（结结果果 :窗窗户户仍仍破破着着）2 表示一表示一个个动动作从作从过过去去持持续续到到现现在在 ,且且可可能能继继续续 持持续续下下去或可能到去或可能到此此结结束束 .e.g.Great changes have taken place in the past ten yea rs.She has taught in the school for ten years.用用现现在在完完成成时时的的典典型型场场合合 :句句中中用用现现在完在完成成时时1 “since 过过去去时时间间点点”,.e.g.

34、I havent seen(not see)her since last week.“since+that 从从句句（从从句句中中用用一一般般过过去去时时）”，则则主句中主句中用用现现在完成在完成时时 .e.g.I have known(not know)her since I was seven years old.2 句中句中有有 so far,in/during the past/last.years,for+时时间间段段，up to now,by now等等时时 间间标标志志词词。e.g.Up to now,there has been(be)no news.(2009 全全国国 )P

35、rogressso far very good and we are sure that the work will be f inished on time.A wasC has beenB had been D will beC3)现现在完在完成成时时还还常常和和以以下下词词连连用用：just(刚刚刚刚 )、recently(最最近近 )、before(以以前前 )，never (从从不不 )，already(已已经经 )，yet(已已经经 )等等 。e.g.I havent finished(finish)my homework yet.I am busy with it.e.g.The

36、y have just left.3 “It/This/That is the first（second/third）time that 从从句句”或或“It/This/That is the only that 从从句句”或或“It/This/That is the 最最高高级级 that从从句句”e.g.It/This/That is the first time that I have come to Zhejiang.It/This/That is the only party that I have ever really enjoyed in my life.It/This/Tha

37、t is the most interesting book tha t I have ever read.（注注 :以以上上句句型型把把 is 改改为为 was,则则从从句句时态时态相相 应应改改为过为过去完去完成成时态时态）3.现现在在完完成成时时与与一一般般过过去去时时态态的的区区别别 :1)现现在在完完成成时时强强调调对对现现在在的的影影响响或或结结果果 ,而而一一般般 过过去去时时态态强强调调这这一一个个动动作作发发生生的的时间时间是是过过去去。2）一一般般过过去去时时常常与与具具体体的的时时间间状状语语连连用用，而而现现 在在完完成成时时通通常常与与模模糊糊的的时时间间状状语语连连

38、用用，或或无无时时 间间状状语语。一一般般过过去去时时的的时时间间状状语语：yesterday,last wee k，ago,in1980,in October,just now 等等，皆皆为为具具体体的的时时间间状状语语。现现在在完完成成时时的的时时间间状状语语：for,since,so far,ev er,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in past years,always 等等，皆皆不不确确定的定的时时间间状状语语。共共同同的的时时间间状状语语：this morning,tonight,this April,now,already,recent

39、ly,lately 等等e.g.Ive lived here for ten years.（现现在在仍仍住住在在 这这儿儿 ）I lived here for ten years.（现现在在不不住住在在这这儿儿 ）He has bought a house.（现现在在已已拥拥有有这这房房 子子）He bought a house.（现现在在拥拥不不拥拥有有这这房房 子子 ,不不知知道道 ,只只是是知知道道买买了了房房子子 ,现现在在可可能能拥拥 有有也可也可能能卖卖掉掉了了）五五 .现现在完在完成成进进行行时时（have/has been v-in g）1.一一般用般用法法 :表表示示现现在在

40、以以前前一一段段时时间间里里一直一直在在 进进行的行的动动作作 ,这这一一动动作可作可能能仍仍在在进进行行 ,也可也可能能已已停停止止 ,e.g.-I-t-hIsanstbiet ehna rrda itnoi ndgr isvien cdeo wt wnot odwany st oawg oo.r k?to work by train.-Yes,thats why IA.have been goingB.have goneC.was going toD.will have gone六六 .过过去完去完成成时时（had p.p.）1.表表示示过过去去的的过过去去时间时间状状语语 before,

41、by,until,whe n,after,once e.g.I had hardly opened the door when he hit me.用用好好过过去去完完成成时时 ,关关键键在于在于理解理解它它的的时时间间是是“过过去去的的 过过去去”。2.want/think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/suppose 等等动动词词的的过过去去完完成成时时不不定定式的式的一一般般式式（等（等于于这这些些 动动词词的一的一般般过过去去式式后后接接不不定定式的式的完完成成式式）,表表示示过过 去去未未曾曾实实现现的的愿愿望望、打打算算、想法想法等等 e.g.I had

42、 meant to come,but something happened.（I meant to have come,but something happe ned.）I had intended to speak at the meeting,but time di dnt permit.（I intended to have spoken at th e meeting,but time didnt permit.）3.一一些特些特殊殊句句型型中的中的过过去去完完成成时时 :1 1“It/This/That was the first（second/third）time that 从从句

43、句”或或“It/This/That was the only that 从从句句”或或“It/This/That was the 最最高高级级that 从从句句”2 2 by（the end of)/by the time 过过去去时时间间 ,e.g.We had learnt 3,000 words by the end of last term.By the time he came back,we had repaired the ma chine.3 3 no sooner than;hardly/scarcely when No sooner had he gone to the g

44、arden than his so n went to play with his classmates.Hardly had he heard the news when he cried.七七 .将将来完来完成成时时（will/shall have p.p.）1.1.表示表示到到将来某一将来某一时时间间为为止止会会完成的完成的动动作作 ,e.g.When we get there,shell have gone to work.2.by（the end of）将来将来时时间间 ,e.g.We will have learnt 3,000 words by the end of next t

45、erm.By the time he comes back,we will have re paired the machine.3.3.与用与用一一般般现现在在时时态态表示将来表示将来一一样样 ,时时间间状状语语从从 句和条件句和条件状状语语从从句句须须用用现现在完成在完成时时表将表将来来 ,e.g.Ill go with you when I have finished my work.等我完成等我完成工工作作以以后后我我就就同同你去你去。八八 .现现在在进进行行时时（be v-ing）:1.1.表示表示现现在在（指指说话说话人人说说话时话时）正正在在发发生的生的事事 情情。e.g.Wer

46、e having a meeting.（说话时说话时正正在在进进行行 的的动动作作）2.2.表示表示现现阶阶段正在段正在进进行的行的动动作或作或表表示示长长期期的的或或重重复性的复性的动动作作，说话时动说话时动作作未必正在未必正在进进行行。He is teaching in a school.（目目前前这这个个阶阶段段 正正在在进进行的行的动动作作）3.3.现现在在进进行行时时表示将表示将来来 ,表示表示按按计计划或安划或安排排要要 发发生的生的动动作作 ,e.g.Im leaving tomorrow.语语态态被被动动语态语态的构的构成成方式方式：be/get+过过去去分分词词注注意意 1.

47、主主动动变变被被动时动时，宾宾补补成成主主补补（位置位置不不变变）；（）；（作作补补语语的的）不不 定定式式前前需需加加 to。The boss made him work all day long.He was made to work all day long(by the boss)2.2.短短语语动词变动词变被被动动语态时语态时，勿勿要要掉掉“尾尾巴巴”。Your pronunciation should be paid attention to.3.3.当当句子句子的的谓谓语语为为 say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report

48、 等等时时，被被动动语语态态有有两两种种形形式式 :（A）谓谓语语动动词词用用 被被动动语语态态，动动词词不不定定式式作作主主补补。（B）用用 it 作作形形式式主主语语，真真正正的的主主语语 在在后面后面用用从句来表从句来表示示。如。如：He is said to be a smart boy.It is said that he is a smart boy.不不用用被被动动语语态态的的情情况况1.1.不不及及物物动动词词或不或不及及物物动动词词短短语语无无被被动动语态语态。例例如如：（错错）The price has been risen.（对对）The price has risen.

49、（错错）The price has raised.（对对）The price has been raised.（错错）Please seat.（对对）Please be seated.要要想正想正确地确地使使用被用被动动语语态态，就就须须注注意意哪哪些些动动词词是是及及物物的的，哪哪些些是是不不及及物物的的。2.系系动动词词无无被被动动语语态态，如如 appear,be,become,fall,f eel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sou nd,stay,taste,turn 等等。例例如如：It sounds good.听听上去上去不不错错。主

50、主动动形形式式表表示示被被动动意意义义1.1.表示表示主主语语特特征征、状状态态的的动动词词 wash,clean,coo k,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell 等等。例例如如：The book sells well.这这本本书书销销路路好好。2.be to blame(受受谴谴责责 )，be to rent（出出租租）也也用用主主动动形式形式表表被被动动。例例如如：I was to blame for the accident.事故事故发发生生 了了，我我该该受指受指责责。3.3.在在 need,require,want,wo