【课件】Unit2现在分词做状语与宾补课件-2021-2022学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册.pptx

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1、Discovering Discovering Useful Useful StructuresStructuresTo master the grammar:the-ing form as the object complement and the adverbialTo describe peoples actions using V-ing formsTo practise the usage of V-ing formP P a a r rt t O O n n e eTask 1:Tick out all the V-ing form and IdentifyTask 1:Tick

2、out all the V-ing form and Identify which one is used which one is used for attribute and object complement.for attribute and object complement.Para 1.this amazing womanPara 1.this amazing womanPara 2.instead of following the traditional path.Para 2.instead of following the traditional path.Para 2.F

3、inding a good husbandPara 2.Finding a good husbandPara 3.After working for a few years.Para 3.After working for a few years.Para 5.saw Dr Lin playing a key role.Para 5.saw Dr Lin playing a key role.Para 5.She was interested in tending patients,publishing Para 5.She was interested in tending patients

4、,publishing medical research.,and training.medical research.,and training.Para 6.having delivered over.Para 6.having delivered over.Para 6.even as she lay dying.Para 6.even as she lay dying.Para 2.thinking of the high tuition feesPara 2.thinking of the high tuition feesPara 4.Thinking of all the peo

5、ple.Para 4.Thinking of all the people.Para 2.thinking of the high tuition feesPara 2.thinking of the high tuition feesPara 6.having delivered over.Para 6.having delivered over.动词-ing形式是非形式是非谓语动词的一种，兼有的一种，兼有动词和和形容形容词的特征，的特征，在句中可作表在句中可作表语，定，定语，宾语补足足语和状和状语，一般表示，一般表示进行或行或主主动的意思。的意思。u动词-ing形式用作状形式用作状语时，其

6、，其逻辑主主语必必须与句子的主与句子的主语一一致，致，动词-ing形式所表示的形式所表示的动作和句子的主作和句子的主语是是主主动关系关系。u动词-ing形式在句中可以作形式在句中可以作时间、原因原因、条件条件、让步步、方式方式、伴随伴随和和结果果状状语。动词-ing形式作状形式作状语 V-ing 形式做状语形式做状语1.做时间状语做时间状语2.做原因状语做原因状语3.做条件状语做条件状语4.做让步状语做让步状语5.表示方式或伴随情况表示方式或伴随情况6.做结果状语做结果状语7.评论性状语评论性状语1.Hearing the news,they immediately set off for S

7、hanghai.2.Being tired,I stopped to have a rest.3.The snow lasted a week,causing serious traffic confusions.4.Working hard,you will finally succeed.时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语结果状语结果状语条件状语条件状语Present participles as adverbial 5.Admitting what she has said,I still think that she hasnt tried her best.6.Please answe

8、r the question using another way.7.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling frustrated.让步状语让步状语方式状语方式状语伴随状语伴随状语1.Finding a good husband should be their final 1.Finding a good husband should be their final goal,thinking of the high tuition fees.goal,thinking of the high tuition fees.Finding a go

9、od husband should be their final goal,Finding a good husband should be their final goal,when/because they thinkwhen/because they think of the high tuition fees.of the high tuition fees.2.Th2.Thinking of all the people still in need of help,inking of all the people still in need of help,Dr Lin opened

10、 a private clinic.Dr Lin opened a private clinic.When/Because she thoughtWhen/Because she thought of all the people still of all the people still in need of help,Dr Lin opened a private clinic.in need of help,Dr Lin opened a private clinic.3.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known 3.Though Li

11、n Qiaozhi never married,she was known as the“mother of ten thousand babies”,having as the“mother of ten thousand babies”,having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married,she was known as the Though Lin Qiaozhi never mar

12、ried,she was known as the“mother of ten thousand babies”,“mother of ten thousand babies”,since/for/because/assince/for/because/as she she had deliveredhad delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.over 50,000 babies in her lifetime.Climbing to the top of the hill,we saw a beautiful view.=When we

13、climbed the top of the hill,we saw a beautiful view.爬上山顶后我看到了一幅美丽的景象。爬上山顶后我看到了一幅美丽的景象。V-ing形式做时间状语，相当于一个时间形式做时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从状语从句句，几乎每个，几乎每个V-ing短语作时间状语时，都可以转变短语作时间状语时，都可以转变为一个时间状语从句。为一个时间状语从句。1.做时间状语做时间状语2.做原因状语做原因状语 V-ing做原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，做原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，同时可以转化为一个原因状语从句。同时可以转化为一个原因状语从句。Not knowin

14、g her address,I might as well as telephone her to come over.=Because/Since I didnt know her address,I might as well as telephone her to come over.由于不知道她的地址，我只好打电话让她过来。由于不知道她的地址，我只好打电话让她过来。3.作条件状语作条件状语 V-ingV-ing短语有时候表示一种假设的情况，相当于一个短语有时候表示一种假设的情况，相当于一个条件从句。有时在条件从句。有时在V-ingV-ing短语短语前前加上加上 if if 或或 unl

15、essunless，使，使条件更明确。条件更明确。Working hard at your lessons,you are to succeed.Working hard at your lessons,you are to succeed.=If If youyou workwork hard at your lessons,you are to hard at your lessons,you are to succeed.succeed.4.做让步状语做让步状语 V-ing做做让让步步状状语语时时，相相当当于于一一个个让让步步状状语语从从句句，有有时时V-ing可可带带有有连连词词 al

16、though,whether,even if,even though。Knowing all this,I still want to see it for myself.=Although I know all this,I still want to see it for myself.5.表示方式或伴随情况表示方式或伴随情况 V-ing 短语表示方式或者伴随情况是比较常用的，用来说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，V-ing 所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同同时时发生。它没有相应的状语从句可替换，但可以用并列句并列句来转换。Mary lay on the grass,staring

17、 at the sky.=Mary lay on the grass and stared at the sky.玛丽躺在草地上，望着天空。6.做结果状语做结果状语V-ing 短语作结果状语时，不常用，通常放在句句末末，中间有逗号，有时为了突出结果，V-ing 前带有thus.His parents died,leaving him an orphan.他的父母死了，他成了孤儿。Example Because I did not know anyone,I sat alone in my seat for two hours.Not knowing anyone,I sat alone in

18、my seat for two hours.Practicing-Practicing-Exercise:P69-2Rewrite the following sentences using the-ing form or the past participle as the adverbial.Although Joe was upset by the reporters words,he responded to his questions politely.Although upset by the reporters words,Joe responded to his questio

19、ns politely.2.While they were driving along the freeway,they noticed a kangaroo standing in the middle of the road.Frightened by the noise,Amy turned on all the lights in the house.While driving along the freeway,they noticed a kangaroo standing in the middle of the road.1.As she was frightened by t

20、he noise,Amy turned on all the lights in the house.Exercise:P69-23.After we watched the movie for ten minutes,we felt so bored that we decided to leave.After watching the movie for ten minutes,we felt so bored that we decided to leave.Exercise:P69-2Coming out of my house,I saw the volcano erupting.4

21、.As I came out of my house,I saw the volcano erupting.5.After she turned fifteen,she became interested in travelling.After turning fifteen,she became interested in travelling.6.Because she didnt want to be late,Sally ran to the subway station.Not wanting to be late,Sally ran to the subway station.Ex

22、ercise:P69-27.Tim was feeling tired,so he went to bed as soon as he got home.Gathering/After gathering all his courage,he ran back into the burning house to rescue the child.8.After he gathered all his courage,he ran back into the burning house to rescue the child.Feeling tired,Tim went to bed as so

23、on as he got home.动词动词-ing 形式的时态形式的时态动词动词-ing 形式（短语）作状语时，要注意它的时间性，即注意形式（短语）作状语时，要注意它的时间性，即注意是用一般式（是用一般式（doing）还是用完成式（）还是用完成式（having done）。）。当动词当动词-ing 形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时形式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用一般式发生时，用一般式；当它的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作发当它的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作发生时，用完成式生时，用完成式。eg Walking in the street,I met an old

24、 friend of mine.走在大街上时，我遇到了一位老朋友。走在大街上时，我遇到了一位老朋友。Having finished the letter,he went to post it.他写完信后就把它寄了出去。他写完信后就把它寄了出去。注意：不一样的结果状语注意：不一样的结果状语动词动词-ing形式做结果状语，是表示随着谓语动词所表示的形式做结果状语，是表示随着谓语动词所表示的动作的发生而产生的动作的发生而产生的自然结果自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而动词不定式作结果状语时常表示

25、而动词不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果出乎意料的结果，有时，有时前面可以加前面可以加only。eg：We came home only to find our garden in a mess.He left,never to return.评论性状语评论性状语有些惯用的有些惯用的V-ing 短语在句中中可以短语在句中中可以没有没有逻辑上的逻辑上的主语主语而而独独立立存在，它们往往作为句子的存在，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句独立成分来修饰全句，表面，表面说话者的态度观点等。我们称这种状语为评论性状语或评说话者的态度观点等。我们称这种状语为评论性状语或评注性状语。注性状语。gene

26、rally speaking 一般来说；一般来说；strictly speaking 严格来说严格来说 roughly speaking 大致来说；大致来说；broadly speaking 广义上来说广义上来说 narrowly speaking 狭义上来说；狭义上来说；judging from/by 由由.判断判断 considering 考虑到；考虑到；frankly speaking 坦率地说坦率地说 personally speaking 就个人而言；就个人而言；supposing 如果如果 Generally speaking,girls are more interested i

27、n literature than boys.一般来说，女孩比男孩更喜欢文学。一般来说，女孩比男孩更喜欢文学。Judging from her accent,she must from Arabian countries.听她的口音，她肯定来自阿拉伯国家。听她的口音，她肯定来自阿拉伯国家。feel want face smile return worry hear knock1.that his wife had been injured in an accident,Mr Johnson hurried to the hospital.2.During the operation,she s

28、at in the waiting room for over an hour _ about him.3.I saw her whispering something into his ear,obviously not _ to be heard.4.He suddenly woke up at midnight when he heard someone _ at his door.Exercise:P18-2Hearing worryingwantingknocking5._ higher import and export costs,the company is looking f

29、or ways to survive.6._ from the North Pole,the traveller wrote a book about his experience and had it published the following year.Facing7.The child lay on her mothers lap,_sweetly.8._hurt by the rejection,she bit her lip and quietly walked away.Returning smilingFeelingExercise:P18-2feel want face s

30、mile return worry hear knock翻翻译句子：句子：1.1.一一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。2.2.由于不认路，他迷路了。由于不认路，他迷路了。3.3.向左转你就向左转你就会看到一所学校。会看到一所学校。4.4.虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。5.5.请你用另一种方式回答问题。请你用另一种方式回答问题。6.Emma6.Emma坐在一张扶手椅上看书。坐在一张扶手椅上看书。7.7.他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。翻翻译句子：句子：1.1.一一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。2.

31、2.由于不认路，他迷路了。由于不认路，他迷路了。3.3.向左转你就向左转你就会看到一所学校。会看到一所学校。4.4.虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。时间状语：时间状语：Seeing Seeing the police,he rushed to the the exit.the police,he rushed to the the exit.原因原因状语：状语：Not knowing the way,he got lost.Not knowing the way,he got lost.条件状语：条件状语：Turning to the left,you will see

32、 a school.Turning to the left,you will see a school.让步状语：让步状语：Knowing it is difficult,I dont give up.Knowing it is difficult,I dont give up.5.5.请你用另一种方式回答问题。请你用另一种方式回答问题。6.Emma6.Emma坐在一张扶手椅上看书。坐在一张扶手椅上看书。7.7.他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。他出国了，留给他叔叔一间大房子。方式状语：方式状语：Please answer the question using another Please an

33、swer the question using another way.way.伴随状语：伴随状语：Emma was sitting in an armchair reading a Emma was sitting in an armchair reading a book.book.结果状语：结果状语：He went abroad,leaving his uncle a big He went abroad,leaving his uncle a big house.house.P P a a r rt t t tw w o o宾语补足足语位于位于宾语之后，之后，补充充说明明宾语是什么或怎

34、么是什么或怎么样，与，与宾语有有逻辑上的主上的主谓关系。关系。We can see a boy singing in the picture.宾语补足语宾语补足语主主语 谓语宾语动词-ing形式作形式作宾语补足足语动词-ing形式作形式作宾语补足足语时，多用在某些，多用在某些动词后表示后表示正在正在进行的行的动作，如作，如 see,notice,watch,observe,hear,smell,feel,find,catch,leave等。等。We see her listening to music.We can see four kids running in the picture.Th

35、e police caught the man stealing the money.She kept me waiting for over twenty minutes.Ill have you speaking English in six months.The question has set me thinking.Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.动词-ing形式作形式作宾语补足足语时，也常和表示使役的，也常和表示使役的动词keep，get，leave，set，have等等连用，构成用，构成复合复合宾语。在在see，hear，fe

36、el，watch等感官等感官动词后，既可用后，既可用动词-ing形式作形式作宾语补足足语，也可用不，也可用不带to的的动词不定式作不定式作宾语补足足语。用。用动词-ing形式形式时，表示，表示动作正在作正在进行行；用不；用不带to的的动词不定式不定式时，表示，表示动作作经常常发生生或或动作从开始到作从开始到结束的束的全全过程程。eg I saw him getting out of the car.我看我看见他正在下他正在下车。I saw him get out of the car.我看我看见他下他下车了。了。三、三、leave作使役作使役动词,表示表示使使/让保持某种状保持某种状态。用形容

37、用形容词作作宾语补足足语 Leave the door open when you go out.His illness left him very weak.用不定式作用不定式作宾语补足足语 Leave him to do it himself.They killed the bison,cut off the skins and left the bodies to rot.What weve done leaves much to be desired.用用现在分在分词作作宾语补足足语 They walked off and left me sitting there alone.He

38、went out,leaving his papers lying open on the desk.用用过去分去分词作作宾语补足足语 Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened?He left a few questions unanswered.还可用名可用名词、介、介词短短语等作等作宾语补足足语 His parents both died last year,leaving him an orphan.He left his schoolbag on the playground.1.1.Leave the door ope

39、n when you go out.Leave the door open when you go out.2.2.Leave him to do it himself.Leave him to do it himself.3.3.They walked off and left me sitting there alone.They walked off and left me sitting there alone.4.4.He went out,leaving his papers lying open on the desk.He went out,leaving his papers

40、 lying open on the desk.5.5.Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened?Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened?6.6.He left a few questions unanswered.He left a few questions unanswered.7.7.His parents both died last year,leaving him an orphan.His parents both died last year,

41、leaving him an orphan.8.8.He left his schoolbag on the playground.He left his schoolbag on the playground.翻翻译句子：句子：P P a ar rt t t th hr re ee e1现在分词作状语与谓语动词时间关系现在分词作状语与谓语动词时间关系（1）现在分词表示的动作和）现在分词表示的动作和谓语动词表示的动作谓语动词表示的动作同时发生同时发生或或几乎同时几乎同时发生，分词用发生，分词用一般一般形式形式V-ing。例如：。例如：He ran up to her breathing hea

42、vily.(2)当当V-ing所表示的动作所表示的动作先先发生，而谓语动词的动作发生，而谓语动词的动作后后发生时，用发生时，用V-ing的的完成时完成时。Having already seen the film twice,she didnt want to go to the cinema.3 3、有些现在分词作状语时，、有些现在分词作状语时，其前可用其前可用after,before,since,after,before,since,when,while,whenever,when,while,whenever,once,until,on,asonce,until,on,as等词。等词。Af

43、terAfter talking to you,I always fell talking to you,I always fell better.better.和你谈过话后我总感觉好一些。和你谈过话后我总感觉好一些。4.4.现在分词的否定式是在现在分词的否定式是在现在分词的现在分词的前面加前面加notnot。NotNot recognizing recognizing the the voice,voice,he he refused refused to to give give the the person person his his address.address.因因为为没没听听出

44、出这这个个人人的的声声音音，他没把自己的地址给他。他没把自己的地址给他。40现在分词与过去分词区别现在分词与过去分词区别两者之间的区别主要体现在时态和语态上：两者之间的区别主要体现在时态和语态上：（1 1）在时态上：）在时态上：现在现在分词表示正在分词表示正在进行进行，而而过去过去分词表示已经分词表示已经完成完成。例如：。例如：（2 2）在语态上：）在语态上：现在现在分词表示分词表示主动主动；而；而过过去去分词表示分词表示被动被动。总之，总之，现在现在分词表分词表主动、进行主动、进行；China is a China is a developingdeveloping country,whil

45、e country,while America is a America is a developeddeveloped one.one.411.作状语时作状语时1）.分词的选取分词的选取：取决于分词与句子主语的关系：取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主动关系主动关系，用，用 doing 被动关系被动关系，用，用 done 例如：例如：Seen from the moon,the earth looks like a blue ball.Seeing nobody at home,he left.被动关系被动关系主主动动关关系系2、作宾补时、作宾补时取决于分词与被修饰词的关系：取决于分词与被修饰词的

46、关系：主动关系或主谓关系用主动关系或主谓关系用 doing被动关系或动宾关系用被动关系或动宾关系用 done1.1.He left a few questions unanswered.He left a few questions unanswered.2.2.They walked off and left me They walked off and left me sittingsitting there there alone.alone.被动关系被动关系主动关系主动关系P P a ar rt t F F o ou ur r主动主动被动被动动词动词不定不定式式一般时一般时to dot

47、o doto be doneto be done进行时进行时to be doingto be doing完成时完成时to have doneto have doneto have been done to have been done 完成进完成进行时行时to have been to have been doingdoingV-ingV-ing一般时一般时doingdoingbeing donebeing done完成时完成时having donehaving donehaving been donehaving been doneV-edV-ed一般时一般时donedone二二.非非谓语动

48、词的的时态/语态的用法的用法1.1.非非谓语动词的的时态/语态的意的意义，与，与谓语动词的的时态/语态的意的意义，基本相同。，基本相同。非非谓语动词的的时态，是由它与，是由它与谓语动词之之间的的时间关系决定的。关系决定的。非非谓语动词的的语态，是由它与，是由它与逻辑主主语之之间的关系决定的。的关系决定的。2.“2.“非非谓语动词的的时态/语态”的解的解题思路：先确定基本形式，后确定思路：先确定基本形式，后确定时态/语态形式。如，形式。如，Impleasedtobeworkingwithyou.Impleasedtobeworkingwithyou.（步（步骤：形容形容词后用不定式。后用不定式。

49、用用进行体。）行体。）Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.（步（步骤：形容形容词后，用不定式。后，用不定式。先于先于谓语时间，用完成体。），用完成体。）Thestrugglewasknowntohavebeengoingonformanyyears.Thestrugglewasknowntohavebeengoingonformanyyears.（步（步骤：作主作主语补语，用不定式。，用不定式。用完成用完成进行体。）行体。）Iwishtobeexcused.Iwishtobeexcused.我我请求原求原谅。（步（步骤

50、：wishwish后，用不定式。后，用不定式。excuseexcuse与其与其逻辑主主语I I之之间是被是被动关系，用被关系，用被动式。）式。）Iregrethavingmadethesamemistakeagain.Iregrethavingmadethesamemistakeagain.我后悔又犯了我后悔又犯了同同样的的错误。（步。（步骤：后悔已后悔已经发生了的事情，用生了的事情，用v-ingv-ing。先先于于谓语时间，用完成体。此，用完成体。此题中用中用makingmaking亦可。）亦可。）HavinglivedinCanadaforthreeyears,hestillcantHav