现在完成时讲解绝对.pptx

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1、致 同 学漫长的假期过漫长的假期过后，同学们的后，同学们的差距会拉大。差距会拉大。第1页/共44页第2页/共44页真题再现：真题再现：IhaveneverbeentoBeijingforthesummerholidays,and_he.A.sohasB.neitherhasC.sohaveD.neitherhave真题再现：真题再现：-She_tenyearsago-Youmeanshe_himfortenyears？（）？（）；hasgotmarriedtoB.gotmarried；hasgotmarriedwithC.gotmarried；hasbeenmarriedwithD.gotma

2、rried；hasbeenmarriedto第3页/共44页现在完成时现在完成时 现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构现在完成时的使用场景现在完成时的使用场景现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语短暂性性动词与延续性动词短暂性性动词与延续性动词与一般过去时的用法比较与一般过去时的用法比较第4页/共44页 一，一，一，一，现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构have(hashave(has）+过去分词过去分词第5页/共44页present(now)futurepast 现在完成时现在完成时(present perfect tense)do my homework I h

3、ave done my homework.一，一，一，一，现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构第6页/共44页 一，一，一，一，现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构第7页/共44页二，现在完成时的使用场景二，现在完成时的使用场景Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.她已经完成了工作。她已经完成了工作。场景一场景一.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与影响或结果。常与already(already(已经已经)，just(just(刚刚刚刚)，yet(yet(然而，还然而，还

4、)，ever(ever(曾经曾经)，never(never(从不从不)，so far(so far(到目前为止到目前为止)，up till now(up till now(到目前为止到目前为止)等连用。等连用。第8页/共44页I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten years.ten years.我已经学了我已经学了10多年的英语。多年的英语。(从从10年前开始年前开始,持续到现在还在学持续到现在还在学)Shehasswumsincehalfanhourago.我已经游泳了半个小时我

5、已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游到现在还在游)二，现在完成时的使用场景二，现在完成时的使用场景场景二场景二.表示动作从过去已经开始表示动作从过去已经开始,持续到现在持续到现在，并有可能继续下去。常与，并有可能继续下去。常与since+since+过去的时过去的时间点，间点，for+for+一段时间，一段时间，so farso far等连用。等连用。第9页/共44页场景三场景三.表示曾有过或从未有过表示曾有过或从未有过的经历。的经历。I haveI have ever ever beenbeen to the Summer Palace?to the

6、 Summer Palace?(我曾去过颐和园我曾去过颐和园)ShehasgonetoJinan.她已经去了济南。她已经去了济南。二，现在完成时的使用场景二，现在完成时的使用场景have been to 去了已回去了已回have gone to 去了未回去了未回have been in 待在某地（多长时间）待在某地（多长时间）第10页/共44页用Have been to,have gone to,have been in 填空Mike and his parents _ the Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year.north for

7、 half a year.Mum is not at home now.she _ Mum is not at home now.she _ the shop.the shop._ you ever _ to kunming?_ you ever _ to kunming?Never.Never.Where _ you _ these days?Where _ you _ these days?Has Jim arrived yet?Has Jim arrived yet?Yes,he _ here for several days.Yes,he _ here for several days

8、.Where is Peter?I dont know where he Where is Peter?I dont know where he _._.Hi Jim!Where _ you _?Li Hi Jim!Where _ you _?Li Lei Lei is looking for you.is looking for you.havebeeninhasgonetohavebeenHavebeenhasbeenhasgonehavebeen第11页/共44页常与常与already,already,never,never,ever,ever,just,just,yet,yet,bef

9、ore,before,up to now,up to now,so far,so far,for the last few weeksfor the last few weeks these days,these days,since since for a long time for a long time 连用 三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语第12页/共44页1）already已经，已经，句中，句中，往往用于往往用于肯定句肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；He has already left here.他已经离开这里了。Has he

10、 already left here?他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语第13页/共44页2.）yet在现在完成时中在现在完成时中用于否定句和疑问句。用于否定句和疑问句。否定句否定句:句末句末“还还(没没)”疑问句疑问句:句末句末“己经己经”Eg.I havent had breakfast yet.Have you had breakfast yet?三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语第14页/共44页3）never是否定词，表示是否定词，表示“从来没有从来没有”，而，而ever表示表示“曾经曾经”，just“刚刚刚刚”

11、。他们都位于。他们都位于have/has后。后。WehaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.我们从来没有去过长城。我们从来没有去过长城。HaveyoueverbeentoCanada?你们曾经去过加拿大吗？你们曾经去过加拿大吗？Hehasjustcomeback.他刚刚回来。他刚刚回来。三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语第15页/共44页 三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语1，Have you _ been to Beijing.你你曾经去过北京吗？曾经去过北京吗？2，I have _ read the book.我已经读我已经读了这本书。了这本书。

12、3，Have you found the rule _?你你已经找到这个规则了吗？已经找到这个规则了吗？4，I have _ come back.我刚刚回我刚刚回来。来。5，He has _ been to Jinan.他从来他从来没去过济南。没去过济南。already,yet,never,ever,just第16页/共44页三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语4）for+时间段时间段I have been here for 5 weeks.我在这儿我在这儿5年了。年了。Hes studied English for 3 years.我学英我学英语语3年了。年了。第17页/共44页

13、三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语5）since+过去的时间点（过去时的从句、一过去的时间点（过去时的从句、一段时间段时间+ago）I have been here since 2000.我从我从2000年年就在这儿。就在这儿。I have been here since 5 years ago.我从我从5年前开始在这儿。年前开始在这儿。I have been here since I graduated in 2000.自从自从2000年我毕业，我就在这儿。年我毕业，我就在这儿。第18页/共44页 注1):since 也可单独使用,表示“自那时起”;另外since前也可加上ev

14、er,以加强语气.Eg.I have been here(ever)since.I have been here(ever)since I graduated in 2000.三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语第19页/共44页注2):对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how long,决不能用when.Eg.I have lived here for 10 years.How long have you lived here?She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?三，现在完成时

15、的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语第20页/共44页选用选用 for和和 since填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.Its five years _ we met las

16、t time.forsinceforsinceforsince第21页/共44页三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语口诀：口诀：过去的动作或状态，过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，一直持续到现在，for和和since把时间带把时间带 动词必须是延续动词必须是延续 否定句中又除外否定句中又除外第22页/共44页三，现在完成时的时间状语三，现在完成时的时间状语判断：（判断：（1）这本书我已经买了）这本书我已经买了3年了。年了。Ive bought the book for three years.Ive had the book for three years.(2)Ihaventbo

17、ughtthebikeforayear.我买这辆自行车还不到一年。我买这辆自行车还不到一年。Ihaveboughtthebikeforayear.我买这辆自行车一年了。我买这辆自行车一年了。第23页/共44页四，短暂性动词与延续动词第24页/共44页四，短暂性动词与延续性动词四，短暂性动词与延续性动词短暂性动词表示短暂的动作。在肯定句、短暂性动词表示短暂的动作。在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词有疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词有come,go,beging,start,die,buy,come,go,beging,start,die,buy,borrow,sellborrow,s

18、ell等。等。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。如：延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。如：learnlearn，workwork，stand,read,sleepstand,read,sleep，staystay等。等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语“for+“for+时间段，时间段，since+since+过去时间点，过去时间点，how how long”long”等连用。等连用。第25页/共44页四，短暂性动词与延续性动词四，短暂性动词与延续性动词判断：判断：这家商店开门这家商店开门6个小时个小时 The shop has open for 6 hours.The

19、 shop has been open for 6 hours.第26页/共44页四，短暂性动词与延续性动词四，短暂性动词与延续性动词短暂性动词的转化为延续性动词短暂性动词的转化为延续性动词1，第一招第一招 变成持续动词变成持续动词如：如：borrow-keep.2，第二招第二招 变成系表结构变成系表结构如：如：finish-be over.第27页/共44页第一招第一招 变成持续动词变成持续动词转成持续不用愁。转成持续不用愁。买来、得到变拥有，买来、得到变拥有，(buy/get/receive/get/receive have)借入一定变保留。借入一定变保留。(borrow(borrow k

20、eep)keep)穿上变穿着，穿上变穿着，(putonwear)感冒感冒have a coldhave a cold。(get/catchacold haveacold)开始做某事，开始做某事，toto后动词持续的。后动词持续的。(come to(come to knowknow know know，start/begintostudy study)study)到达变停留，也可到达变停留，也可be inbe in、beat。(reach/arrive in,at/get toreach/arrive in,at/get to be in/at)be in/at)第28页/共44页第二招第二招

21、变成系表结构变成系表结构系表结构来解忧，系表结构来解忧，be be 代代become,get，fall和和go。（系动词（系动词become,get,become,get,fall,gofall,go系动词系动词be be fallillbeill,go(get)outbeout,fallasleepbeasleep,getup beup,）bebe后名、介、副和形，后名、介、副和形，（bebe加名词、介词短语、副词、形加名词、介词短语、副词、形容词构成系表结构）容词构成系表结构）一切轻松能搞定。一切轻松能搞定。去在那，来在这，回来回去去在那，来在这，回来回去be backbe back。(g

22、o(go be there be there come come be here come/go back be here come/go back be back)be back)离开离开be awaybe away，结束，结束beover，开始在进行。，开始在进行。(leave(leave be away end/finish be away end/finish be over start/begin be over start/begin be on be on)加入是成员，或在组织中。加入是成员，或在组织中。(join(join be in+be in+组织组织 join be a

23、member of+be a member of+组织组织)开办开办be openbe open（openopenbe openbe open）死去死去be deadbe dead（diedie be dead be dead）第29页/共44页 判断正误判断正误：1.1.我买了这块手表五年了。我买了这块手表五年了。2.2.这位老人已经死了十年了。这位老人已经死了十年了。I I have boughthave bought this watch for five years.this watch for five years.I I have hadhave had this watch th

24、is watch forfor five years/five years/sincesince 5 years 5 years ago.ago.The old man The old man has diedhas died for ten years.for ten years.The old man The old man has been deadhas been dead for ten for ten years/since 10 years/since 10 years ago.years ago.WW四，短暂性动词与延续性动词四，短暂性动词与延续性动词第30页/共44页 3.3

25、.他已经回来三天了。他已经回来三天了。4.4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。自从六点钟他就来这儿了。5.5.我离开家乡已十年了。我离开家乡已十年了。He He has come backhas come back for 3 days.for 3 days.He He has been backhas been back forfor 3 days/3 days/sincesince 3 3 days days agoago.He He has come herehas come here since 6 oclock.since 6 oclock.He He has been herehas be

26、en here since 6 oclock.since 6 oclock.I I have lefthave left hometown for 10 years.hometown for 10 years.I I have been away fromhave been away from hometown for 10 hometown for 10 years.years.WWW四，短暂性动词与延续性动词四，短暂性动词与延续性动词第31页/共44页链接：1，Our English teacher is very nice.We _ friends since three years a

27、go.A.were B.become C.have been D.has made2,She _ this book for nearly three weeks.A.has borrowed B.has lent C.has bought D.has kept四，短暂性动词与延续性动词四，短暂性动词与延续性动词第32页/共44页一，是否与现在有密切联系一，是否与现在有密切联系现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，去的事情，但现在完成时强调事情但现在完成时强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响在的结果，影响,一直延续到

28、现在一直延续到现在等）等）;而一般过去时，则只而一般过去时，则只讲述讲述发发生在过去的动作和事情生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有与现在没有关系关系。五，与一般过去时的用法比较五，与一般过去时的用法比较第33页/共44页 二，时间状语不同二，时间状语不同常与一般过去时连用的典型的常与一般过去时连用的典型的 表示过去时间的状语表示过去时间的状语:yesterday(yesterday(昨天昨天),the day before yesterday(),the day before yesterday(前天前天),),just now(just now(刚才刚才)，时间时间+ago,+ago,last+

29、last+时间时间 等等;eg:Theplanetookofftenminutesago.Wefinishedourtasklastweek.第34页/共44页当有一个表示当有一个表示过去某一特定时间过去某一特定时间的状的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时过去时:eg:Isawthefilmontelevisionyesterday.但但since(since(自自以以来来)+)+某某一一过过去去时时间间或或叙叙述述过过去去事事情情的的从从句句总总是是与与现现在在完完成成时时连用。连用。eg：Theyhaveknowneachothersince1950.Si

30、ncehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.第35页/共44页动动 词词 填填 空：空：1._ you _(clean)the room?1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that Yes,we _(do)that alreadyalready.When _ you _(do)it?When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it We _(do)it an hour agoan hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film 2._ he _(see)this film yetyet?Yes.?Yes

31、.When _ he _(see)it?When _ he _(see)it?He _ it He _ it last weeklast week.3.How many times _you_(be)there?3.How many times _you_(be)there?Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen第36页/共44页 Has she ever been to Nanjing?Has she ever been to Nanjing?她曾去过南京吗？她曾去过南京吗？You have never been there,

32、have you?You have never been there,have you?你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？I have been to Guiling,I went there I have been to Guiling,I went there last year.last year.我去过桂林，我去年去的。我去过桂林，我去年去的。She has gone to Nanjing.She has gone to Nanjing.她已经去南京了。她已经去南京了。第37页/共44页It is+一段时间一段时间 +since+句子句子(一般过去时一般过去时)=一段

33、时间一段时间+has passed +since+句子句子(一般过去时一般过去时)Eg.It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed since I joined the army.第38页/共44页第39页/共44页1.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.2.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.How _ she _(go)there?She _(go)there by air.3.So far,many countries _(deve

34、lop)their software programs.4.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.5.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking since last year.have readhas gonedidgowenthave developedgavehas given第40页/共44页改改 错错1.How long have you begun to study English?2.I have borrowed this book for two weeks.3.The river has become very dirty sinc

35、e last August.4.Our manager is away today.He has been to Guangzhou on business.5.He has gone out for two years.studiedkeptbeengonebeen第41页/共44页Thehouseisdirty.We_itforweeks.AdidntcleanBhadntcleanedCdontcleanDhaventcleaned2.-_thesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.-Yes,italldependsontheweather.AIvebeentoldBIv

36、etoldCImtoldDItold3.-Imsorrytokeepyouwaiting.-Oh,notatall.I_hereonlyafewminutes.AhavebeenBhadbeenCwasDwillbe4.Youdontneedtodescribeher.I_herseveraltimes.A.hadmetBhavemetCmetDmeet5.-WillyougotoBeijingforvacation?-I_togo,butIdontknowifIcango.AwasplanningBhaveplannedChadbeenplanningDhavebeenplanning第42

37、页/共44页6.-Whenwilltheyleave?-They_verysoon.AdoleaveBareleavingChaveleftDleave7-Washestudyingforanexam?-Yes,hes_itlastweek.AdoingBtotakeCmakingDtogive8.Theteachertoldthepupilsthattheearth_round.AisBwouldCwasDwere9.She_suchaninterestingbookbefore.AwasneverreadingBwillneverreadChadneverreadDhasneverread10.Howlongdoyouthinkthemeeting_AislastingBislastedCwilllastDlasts 第43页/共44页感谢您的观看！第44页/共44页