2015年中考英语完形填空.ppt

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1、南宁市中考题型之一完形填空南宁市中考题型之一完形填空南宁十五中梁新娥南宁市中考南宁市中考 完形填空赋分完形填空赋分2011年年 15分分2012 年年 15分分2013年年 15分分2014年年 15分分2015 年年 15分分完形填空一般是由难易不等完形填空一般是由难易不等 的的两篇小短文构成。两篇小短文构成。一一 完形填空考什么？完形填空考什么？一、词法及词义辨析一、词法及词义辨析二、固定短语搭配二、固定短语搭配三、上下文逻辑关系三、上下文逻辑关系四、文化背景及生活常识四、文化背景及生活常识二二 当前完形填空的特点当前完形填空的特点设题原则：设空以实词为主，虚词为辅。主设题原则：设空以实词

2、为主，虚词为辅。主要考动词、名词、形容词和副词要考动词、名词、形容词和副词选材原则：题材多为记叙文，叙议结合。选材原则：题材多为记叙文，叙议结合。考察原则：注重在语境中考察学生对词义考察原则：注重在语境中考察学生对词义的理解、搭配与辨析；考查结合语境进行的理解、搭配与辨析；考查结合语境进行分析、判断的能力。分析、判断的能力。强调应用。强调应用。三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级 一：词组层次。一：词组层次。需要填的词，和它前或后的词有固定的搭配关系，只要看空缺前或后的词便能决定该填什么。例如：look _ the new word in a dictionary,hu

3、sband and _ tired _ happy upupwifewife当然这是最简单的啦！当然这是最简单的啦！but三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级 二：句子层次。空缺需要填什么词，本句之二：句子层次。空缺需要填什么词，本句之内就可以决定，不用超出句子的范围。如：内就可以决定，不用超出句子的范围。如：What _ he do last Sunday?Can you tell me _ Tom comes from?diddidwherewhere这个也难不倒你们。这个也难不倒你们。这个也难不倒你们。这个也难不倒你们。Just have a try Modal:

4、It was raining heavily outside,so I had to take an_with me.umbrella1.He has a bad cold,the doctor asks him to_more hot water.2.Mr White is a teacher,he_math at school.3.Theyre very tired _happy at last.4.I bought a watch yesterday,_was very useful.5.It must be very_ to go into the cage,because there

5、re many tigers in it.drinkteachesbut itdangerous_三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级三、完形填空试题的三个难度等级 三：语篇层次。空缺需要填什么，光看本句不成，要超三：语篇层次。空缺需要填什么，光看本句不成，要超出句子在语篇层次上考虑才能决定。例如：出句子在语篇层次上考虑才能决定。例如：Man is the cleverest animal on earth.He can travel in outer space and land himself on the moon.But in his war against his enemy the ra

6、t in his home,he seems always to be the _.A.winner B.loser C.hero D.coward(懦夫懦夫)。知道这个厉害了吧，哼！四四 完形填空的解题思路完形填空的解题思路总则：总则：在把握整体的基础上对在把握整体的基础上对 句子内部的情句子内部的情况进行分析况进行分析关注首尾关注首尾-抓主旨。跳过空格，通读全文，抓主旨。跳过空格，通读全文，把握把握大意。大意。分析语境分析语境-辩词意。辩词意。瞻前顾后瞻前顾后-寻逻辑。寻逻辑。左顾右盼左顾右盼-找搭配。找搭配。通读全文，反复检查。通读全文，反复检查。关注首尾关注首尾-抓主旨。抓主旨。w解答

7、完形填空的关键在于掌握并理解短文大意。有时根据文章的首尾句就可能抓住主题，大致了解全文的概貌和作者的立意w例如：（2014.广西玉林中考）When I was about twelve,I went to a restaurant for dinner with my family.瞻前顾后瞻前顾后-寻逻辑。寻逻辑。w文章都是前后连贯、符合逻辑地按一定的脉络向前发展延伸，因此每道题在文章中都能找到信息依据。w例如：（2014.广西玉林中考）When I was about twelve,I went to a restaurant for dinner with my family.It wa

8、s 41 ,and in that special night,the wind was very strong.My parents and I didnt wear enough warm clothes.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter左顾右盼左顾右盼-找搭配。找搭配。w一些固定句型和短语搭配是完型填空的常考点。做题时赢注意所填的内容与空格前后词语的习惯搭配。w例如:(2012年广西桂林中考）wJoy is 14 years old.One day her parents went away 47 business,so she had to sta

9、y at home alone.(2012桂林)w A.in B.at C.on D.with 分析语境分析语境-辩词意。辩词意。w词义辨析主要有四种形式：同义词或近义词的辨析;形近字辨析；常用词汇辨析；转换词语辨析。考生要在具体语言环境中进行把握。注意上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、对比关系等。w例如：（2014.广西玉林中考）When I was about twelve,I went to a restaurant for dinner with my family.It was winter,and in that special night,the w

10、ind was very strong.My parents and I didnt wear enough warm clothes.So 42 of us felt very cold.A.both B.all C.either D.none 通读全文，反复检查。通读全文，反复检查。破题“六招”w善用语境推断（2013.陕西中考）.it was 31 for her to communicate in the new environment.A.nice B.dangerous C.difficult D.easy w牢记语法知识（2013.山东中考）Being blind,unable

11、to walk or use your hands easily is something 33 most people cant imagine.A.that B.who C.when D.wherew领悟逻辑推理（2014.济宁市中考）Adam Lee is a very popular man in Ottawa.He is not famous in sports or the arts,1 people in the streets know about him.A.or B.so C.but D.and破题“六招”w关注词汇复现（2014.南昌中考）You feel tired a

12、nd you have no energy.Dont be afraid.You have probably just got a .Every year,many kids experience this sick feeling.Some kids have up to eight colds every year.So,what exactly is a cold.A.cough B.headache C.fever D.coldw熟记固定搭配（2014.中考）So in 1996 he invented a wind-up(装有发条的)radio.It doesnt need elec

13、tricity or batteries.You wind it up hand.A.in B.at C.on D.byw熟记生活常识（2014.杭州中考）David was only 4 years old,and was still of the dark,so Mary left the hall light on when we slept.A.afraid B.sure C.proud D.happy Happiness is for everyone.You dont need to care about those who are very 1 .Why?Because thos

14、e who have big houses may often feel 2 and those who have cars want to 3 on countryroads in their free time.w In fact,happiness is always 4 you.When you are 5 ,your friends will help you;when you study hard at your lessons,your 6 are always taking good care of your life and your 7 ;All these are you

15、r happiness.w When you are 8 ,you can also say you are very happy,because you have something else that 9 cant buy.When you meet with 10 ,say loudly that you are happy,because you have more chances to challenge yourself.Take every chance you get,and you can be a happy and lucky person.w（）1.A.poor B.r

16、ich C.nice D.badw（）2.A.serious B.unknown C.strange D.lonelyw（）3.A.walk B.work C.knock D.talkw（）4.A.for B.to C.around D.aboutw（）5.A.in public B.in trouble C.at home D.at break w（）6.A.experts B.journalists C.parents D.inspectorsw（）7.A.healthy B.health C.beauty D.beautifulw（）8.A.poor B.tall C.short D.a

17、ngryw（）9.A.performance B.confidence C.word D.moneyw（)10.A.thieves B.animals C.problems D.signsBDACBCAADC_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ w中考实战：（2014.广西南宁中考）w We can 36 with our eyes.They are like cameras.But if we dont take care of them,they may hurt.37 can we protect our eyes？w On 38 days,when the Sun shines bright

18、ly,wed better wear sunglasses.When we 39 ,we shouldnt stay too close to the books and the light shouldnt be too dark.We mustnt read in the bed.Its bad for our 40 .We mustnt play games too long on computers or on mobile phones.w（）36.A.hear B.taste C.smell D.see w（）37.A.Why B.How C.When D.Wherew（）38.A

19、.sunny B.rainy C.windy D.snowyw（）39.A.dance B.talk C,read D.singw（）40.A.eyes B.face C.ears D.teethDDBACAw中考实战：（2014.广西玉林中考）When I was about twelve,I went to a restaurant for dinner with my family.It was 41 ,and in that special night,the wind was very strong.My parents and I didnt wear enough warm cl

20、othes.So 42 of us felt very cold.As my mom and I rushed towards the restaurant from our car,a girl and her mother came up to us.They asked us for some 43 .My mom asked where they kept their things.They pointed to an old car across the street.The sirl said their family lived in that car,and their fam

21、ily was the same size as my own family.My mom said she had something to do,and after 44 the pe I asked my mom 48 she helped those people.She told me that we were lucky and her family wasnt so lucky.I remember theface of that girl who asked us for help.I stood here,dressed in my new clothes,had dinne

22、r in the restaurant and shared the nice bedroom with my 49 sister.But the poor girl didnt have new clothes or food,and had to stay in the cold car with 50 other people in such weather ple a few dollars,we said goodbye.Then,my mother sent me to the restaurant with my dad,two brothers and my little si

23、ster,But she didnt come.w A few days 45 ,I found out that she had gone home and brought some food to the car and.handed the bags to the family,I 46 .There when she did that.But I can imagine how 47 they were when they saw my mom.I asked my mom 48 she helped those people.She told me that we were luck

24、y and her family wasnt so lucky.I remember theface of that girl who asked us for help.I stood here,dressed in my new clothes,had dinner in the restaurant and shared the nice bedroom with my 49 sister.But the poor girl didnt have new clothes or food,and had to stay in the cold car with 50 other people in such weather完形填空的解题思路完形填空的解题思路总则：总则：在把握整体的基础上对在把握整体的基础上对 句子内部的情况进行分析句子内部的情况进行分析跳过空格，通读全文，跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意把握大意再读全文，反复检查再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破个个击破Homework