大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案分析解析.pdf

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1、大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（二）大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（二）六六As the pace of life continues to increase,we are fast losing the art ofrelaxation。Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go frommorning till night，it is hard to slow down。But relaxation is essential for ahealthy mind and body。Stress is an

2、 natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it。In fact，it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be.A certain amount ofstress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life。It is only whenthe stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill healt

3、h.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime materialfor managerial responsibilities.Others lose heart at the first signs of unusualdifficulties。When exposed to stress,in whatever form,w

4、e react both chemically andphysically.In fact we make choice between”fight or flight”and in moreprimitive days the choice made the difference between life or death.The crises wemeet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress，it involvesthe same response.It is when such a react

5、ion lasts long，through continued exposureto stress，that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high bloodpressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot removestress from our lives（it would be unwise to do so even if we could），we need tofind ways to deal w

6、ith it。1。People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_.a。they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb。they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc。they are travelling fast all the timed。they are becoming busier with their work2。According to the writer,the most i

7、mportant character for a good manager ishis _。a。not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc。high sense of responsibilityd。having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec。It is easy to change

8、 the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work。d。Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3，such a reaction”refers back to_.a.”making a choice between flight or fightb.reaction to stress both chemically and physically”c.responding to crises quicklyd.losing heart at the

9、signs difficulties”5.In the last sentence of the passage，”do so refers to _.a.”expose ourselves to stressb。”find ways to deal with stress”c.remove stress from our livesd.established links between diseases and stress”七In the 1960s,many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society.Theywante

10、d to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U。S。epual。Some of them decided to”drop out of American society and form their own societies.They formed utopian communities,which they called”communes,”where they couldfollow their philosophy of”do your own thing.A group of artists founde

11、d a communein southern Colorado called”Drop City.Following the ideas of philosopher andarchitect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars.Other groups,such as author Ken Keseys Merry Pranksters，the followers fo SanFrancisco poet SteveGakin,and a group that called itsel

12、f the Hog Farm，lived inold school husesand traveled around theUnited States.The Hog Farm become famouswhen they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969。Steve Gaskinsfollowers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee,but they had to leave whensome members of the gruop were arrested for

13、 growing marijuana。Not all communes believed in thephilosophy of”do you own thing,however.Twin Oaks，a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s，was based on theideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner。The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefullycontrolled by Skinners”conditioning”techniques to do

14、things that were good forthe community。In 1972，Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti，a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one largebuilding called an”archology Soleri believes that people must live closelytogether so that they will all become one.

15、1。Why did some young Americans decide to”drop out of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society。b。They wanted to grow marijuana.c。They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2。Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In do

16、meshaped houseb.In old school husesc。On a farm inTennesseed。In an archology in Arizona3。Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house？a。Paolo Solerib.B.G。Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind。Buckminster Fuller4。What was the Twin Oaks commune base on?a。The philosophy of”do your own thing”b.V

17、irginaia in the late 1960sc。The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an”archology?a。A person who studies archaeologyb。A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad。A technique to contorl people八There are two factors which deter

18、mine an individuals intelligence。The firstis the sort of brain he is born with。Human brains differ considerably,some beingmore capable than others。But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with,anindividual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities tolearn。So the second

19、factor is what happens to the individual-the sort of environmentin which he is reared.If an individual is handicapped envionmentally,it is likelythat his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligenceof which he is capable。The importance of environment in determining a

20、n individuals intellingence canbe demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins,Peter and Mark X。Beingidentical,the twins had identical brains at birth,and their growth processes werethe same.When the twins were three months old,their parents died,and they wereplaced in separate foster hom

21、es.Peter was reated by parents of low intelligencein an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities。Mark was reared inthehome of well-todo parents who had been to college.He was read to as a child，sent to good schools,and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually。This envirom

22、ental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens,when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence.Marks I.Q.was 125，twentyfive points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than hisidentical brother。Given equal opportunities,the twins，having identicalbrains

23、,would have tested at roughly the same level.1。This selection can best be titled_.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc。The Case of Peter and Markd。How the brain Influences Intelligence2。The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _。a.human brains differ conside

24、rablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec。environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligenced。persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3。According to the passage,the average I.Q。is _.a。85b.100c.110d。1254.The case hist

25、ory of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _.a。individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his enviromentc。lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced。changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of t

26、he brain5.This passage suggests that an individual s I。Q._。a。can be predicted at birthb。stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood九 As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult itwas to choose a suitable Christmas

27、present for her father。She wish that he was aseasy to please as her mother,who was always delighted with perfumeBesides，shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeableexperience:people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knockedyou overin their haste to get to a bargain

28、 ahead of you.Partly to have a rest，Edith paused in front of a counter where some attraciveties were on display.They are real silk,”the assistant assured her，trying totempt her.”Worth double the price.”But edit knew from past experience that herchoice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved

29、 on reluctantly and then quite by chance，stopped where a small crowdof man had gathered round a counter.She found some good quality pipes onsale-and the prices were very reasonable。Edith did not hesitate for long：although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally，she knew that this was a presentwhi

30、ch was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small wellchosen present concealed in her handbag,her parents were already at the supper table.Her mother was in an especially cheerfulmood,Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking。She informed her daughter.1.Ediths father _.a.did not li

31、ke presentb。never got presentc.preferred tiesd。was difficult to choose a present for2。The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_。a。attractiveb。interested in tiesc。tiredd。in need of comfort3。Edith stopped at the next counter_.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Ediths father smoked

32、 a pipe_。a。when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_。a.coustomers trod on each others toesb。coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd。customers were doing the

33、ir shopping in a great hurry十If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate，therewill eventually not be enough resourcesleft to sustain life on the planet。By themiddle of the 21st century，if present trends continue,we will have used up allthe oil that drives our cars，for examp

34、le。Even if scientists develop new ways offeeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary forlus to look for open space somewhere else。But none of the other planets in oursolar system are capable of supporting life at present。One possible solution tothe problem，however，h

35、as recently been suggested by American scientist,ProfessorCarl Sagan。Sagan believes that before the earths resources are compleetely exhausted itwill be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almostas large as earth itself。The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than

36、the earthand there is only a tiny amount of water there。Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or coldatmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similarto those on Venus。As soon as this has been done,the algae will be placed in smallrocket

37、s.Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere.Ina fairly short time，the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen andcarbon。When the algae have done theri work,the atmosphere will become cooler,but beforman can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the o

38、xygen to produce rain。The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rainwill eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced onVenus。1.Inte long run，the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earthwill probably be the lack of

39、_.a。foodb.oilc。spaced。resources2。Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earthsc。there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3。On Venus there is a lot of _。

40、a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can_.a。live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend。all of the above5.Man can land on Venus only when_。a。the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc。thereis oxygend。it rains there