基于知识管理的企业核心竞争力研究.pdf

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1、随着知识经济的到来，知识管理对于一个企业核心竞争力的培养、保持和提升发挥越来越重要的作用。早在一九六五年，管理学者彼得 杜拉克曾预言：“知识将取代土地、劳动、资本与机器设备，成为最重要的生产因素。”如今知识管理在企业管理中的作用显得越来越突出.为了适应经济全球化和市场多元化格局的需要，许多企业家和理论研究者都在思考如何培养和提高企业的核心竞争力。怎样把握知识经济所带来的机遇和挑战,是中国社会和经济生活领域急待解决的一大重要课题。知识管理和企业核心竞争力也成为了我国管理界研究的两大热点问题。确实,在知识经济迎面而来之时，研究这两个问题对于提高我国企业管理水平、增强企业的核心竞争力有非常重要的意义

2、.但目前很遗憾的是，虽然对知识管理和企业核心竞争力的研究非常激烈,但这两大问题的结合性研究却很少。核心竞争力（Core Competence）的英文原意是“核心能力或核心技能。由于这一概念往往是就一个公司与其竞争对手相比较而言的，因此在中文语境下,用核心竞争力更为贴切。核心竞争力的“核心”二字有两层含义,一是表明在企业竞争力体系之中需要寻找最关键、最重要的竞争力；二是指竞争力来自于企业内部.研究核心竞争力的学者认为，企业的核心竞争力应归于企业独特的资源和对这种独特资源的最优配置和使用。在这里，资源的概念是十分宽泛的，除了知识之外，还包括物质的、财务的;既有有形的,也有无形的,等等.但是，人们不

3、难看出，企业的所有资源的重要性是不一样的。在知识经济时代，知识无疑是最具战略性的资源和资产,有形的物质资源是无法和它相比的，机器、原材料即使是非常稀缺的，但是相对于知识而言，企业的这些资源也是可以较为容易地通过市场交易行为得到的.而知识则不同，它更具有稀缺性和难以模仿性，每个企业内部的隐性知识和部分显性知识，尤其是隐性知识是难于交易和模仿的。因此，所谓的“独特资源”不是别的，归根到底是知识，正是由于企业内部知识的独特性，使得企业在面对同样的市场环境,反应不同，表现出核心竞争能力的优劣。这种隐性知识是企业累积的知识，是长期形成的战略性资产,不但涉及到技术,而且关联到企业的管理、文化和价值观等方面

4、.因此，企业核心竞争力本质上是知识专有的,具备知识的一切属性，知识是知识经济时代企业资源的核心,只有知识才能最终解释核心竞争力,也唯有知识和知识管理才是核心竞争力的最终的逻辑归宿和源泉6。在知识中，企业的那种看来不容易被理解和测度的核心竞争力找到了答案.知识经济时代，知识已经成为一种新的生产要素和资本形态，且比其他生产要素具有更高的生产率和创造性，是经济增长的决定性因素,因而它越来越成为企业增强核心竞争力最重要的战略资源。知识管理肩负着营造企业核心竞争力的重要使命，正在日益成为当代企业管理工作的重心.人们已经从以下方面对知识管理与核心竞争力的相互关系取得了一些研究进展.企业核心竞争理论和知识管

5、理理论在研究本质上是一致的，最终的焦点都放在企业的知识和知识管理的能力上.但是，纵观这些年理论界的研究，仍存在一些问题亟待解决：（1)知识管理为什么能够提高企业的核心竞争力？（2）知识管理如何在企业核心竞争力领域实施?不解决这些问题，不论是知识管理还是核心竞争力理论,都无法对现代企业构成足够的吸引力。针对这些问题，本文在结合目前我国企业实施知识管理现状的基础上,通过对该领域文献的回顾、分析和深入研究,不仅对知识管理及企业核心竞争力的概念进行了论述，更重要的是还对两者之间的相互关系和作用机制进行了深入的剖析，并针对目前我国企业的现状，提出了基于知识管理的企业核心竞争力的构建措施，同时还介绍了广州

6、本田和西门子公司实施知识管理的成功经验。希望通过这些研究，能为现代企业实施知识管理来提高企业核心竞争力找到更加有效的途径与方法。本文共分为四章，第一章分别从核心竞争力与知识管理的概念，关系等方面来介绍核心竞争力与知识管理的相关理论；第二章通过广州本田公司和西门子公司的案例来分析如何有效实施知识管理来提升企业的核心竞争力；第三章指出了我国企业实施知识管理的一些问题及针对这些问题的对策；第四章即本文的最后一章在前两章的分析基础上提出了基于知识管理的企业核心竞争力的提升途径，这也是本文的重点。With the coming of knowledge economy，knowledge managem

7、ent for a thecore competitive power of enterprise culture，to maintain and promoteplay more and more important role。As early as in 1965,managementscholars Peter drucker had predicted:”knowledge will replace land，labor,capital and machine equipment，and to be the most importantproduction factors.Now th

8、e knowledge management the function inenterprise management is becoming more and more outstanding.In order toadapt to the economic globalization and market diversification of thepattern of needs,many entrepreneurs and theory is thinking about the howto cultivate and improve the core competitiveness

9、of the enterprise.How to grasp the opportunities and challenges brought by knowledgeeconomy is one of the important topics pre sses for Chinas social andeconomic life field.Knowledge management and enterprise core competenceare two major problems that the management field is discussing in Chinaat pr

10、esent。Indeed，with the arriving of knowledge economy，the twoproblems have extremely vital significance in improving the enterprisemanagement and the core competitiveness of the enterprises。Theresearcherputintotheknowledgemanagementandenterprisecorecompetitivenessseparatelyveryintensely，butwecanfindth

11、ecombination about the two major problems research is not so much。Corecompetencies(CoreCompetence）inEnglishmeanscorecompetencies or core skills.”Since this concept is often a company andits competitors on the comparison,so in the Chinese context,moreappropriate use of core competencies.Core competen

12、cies of the”coreword has two meanings,one that in the system by the competitiveness ofenterprises need to find the most critical and most important competitiveedge;second is that from the internal competitiveness.Research scholarsbelievethatthecorecompetitivenessoftheenterprisescorecompetitiveness s

13、hould be attributed to the companys unique resourcesand unique optimal allocation of resources and use。Here，the conceptof resources is very broad，in addition to knowledge，but also includingmaterial，financial;both tangible or intangible，and so on.However，it is easy to see that all the resources of th

14、e importance of the enterpriseis not the same。In the knowledge economy,knowledge is undoubtedly themost strategic resources and assets,physical and material resources,andit can not be compared，machinery,raw materials,even if it is very scarce,but relative to the knowledge,the business of these resou

15、rces are canmore easily get through market transactions.The knowledge is different,it is more scarce and difficult to imitative，each internal part of tacitknowledge and explicit knowledge,especially tacit knowledge is difficultto trade and imitate。Therefore，the so-called unique resource is notanythi

16、ng else,the final analysis,knowledge,precisely because of theunique nature of knowledge within the enterprise，making enterprise inthe face of the same market environment，react differently，showing thecore competitiveness of the pros and cons.This tacit knowledge is the accumulated knowledge，the forma

17、tion oflongterm strategic asset,not only related to technology，but alsorelated to enterprise management，culture and values and so on.Therefore,the core competitiveness of enterprises is essentially a proprietaryknowledge，with knowledge of all the attributes,knowledge is theknowledge economy the core

18、 of enterpriseresources，only the knowledgeto explain the core competitiveness of the final，and only knowledge andknowledge management is the core competitive the logical force of thefinal destination and source6.In knowledge，the kind of businessdoes not seem easy to understand and measure the core c

19、ompetencies to findthe answer。Era of knowledge economy,knowledge has become a new form factors ofproduction and capital，and other factors of production higher than theproductivity and creativity,is the decisive factor of economic growth，and thus it is becoming more and more companies to enhance the

20、corecompetitiveness of the most important strategic resource.Knowledgemanagement to create companies shoulder the important mission of the corecompetitiveness，are increasingly becoming the focus of the work ofcontemporary business management.It has been from the following aspectsof knowledge managem

21、ent and the relationship between core competenciesmade some researchEnterprise core competition theory and knowledge management theoryin research in essence is consistent,the focus of the final on enterpriseknowledge and knowledge management skills.But，throughout all theseyears theoretical research,

22、there are still some problems to be solved：(1)theknowledgemanagementwhycanimproveenterprisescorecompetitive ability？（2）how knowledge management in the corecompetitive force of the enterprise field implemented?Dont solve theseproblems，whether the knowledge management or core competitivenesstheory，can

23、 form of modern enterprise be attractive。This paper not only knowledge management and the concept of the corecompetitivenessoftheenterpriseisdiscussed,andalsototherelationship between the two carried on the deep analysis，and in viewof enterprise present situation,proposed based on knowledge manageme

24、ntof the business enterprise core competitive ability of the constructionof the measures.Hope that through these studies，can the modernenterprise knowledge management and improve the core competitive forceof the enterprise to find more effective ways and methods。This paper is divided into four chapt

25、ers，the first chapterseparately from the core competence and the concepts of knowledgemanagement,relationship to introduce the core competence and the relatedtheory of knowledge management；The second chapter through the guangzhouHonda and Siemens company case to analysis how to effectively implement

26、knowledge management to promote the enterprises core competitiveability;Chapter 3 points out that the Chinese enterprises to carry outsome of the problems of knowledge management and the countermeasures tosolve these problems;The fourth chapter that the last chapter in the firsttwo chapters based on the analysis is proposed based on knowledgemanagement of the enterprise core competitiveness way，this also is thefocus of this paper.