2017年中考英语语法专题及参考答案解析详解十二.docx

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1、2017年中考英语语法专题及参考答案解析详解十二 专题十二 祈使句、感叹句 一、祈使句 (一)、祈使句的结构及用法 祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。主语通常被省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句点。 1. 肯定的祈使句 (1)动词原形+其他 如： Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。 但有时会在句首加上主语或加呼语，以便指明是向谁提出请求或发出命令。呼语常与句子隔开，动词仍然用原形。 如： Mary， clean the windows!And you boys，wash the floor! (2)Be + adj. 如：Be care

2、ful! = Look out! = Take care! (3)Lets + 动词原形 如：Let’s go to school together. 2. 否定的祈使句 (1) Dont + 动词原形 如： Dont stand up. Dont be careless. Dont let them play with fire. (2) Lets ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形 如： Lets not say anything about it. 3.祈使句的反意疑问句 (1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或wont you。 如： Ple

3、ase open the door, will/ won’t you? (2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 如： Dont be late again, will you? (3) 以lets开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we，let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或wont you. 如：Let us stay here, will/ wont you? Lets turn on the TV, shall we? 4. 特殊形式的祈使句。祈使句除用谓语动词表示外，还可用名词、副词、动词短语等表示。如：Help!

4、 Patience! Quickly! Hands up! 5. 祈使句的强调形式。有时为了加强语气，可以再动词前加上do，表示“务必，一定”。 如：Do be careful! (二)、祈使句用于两个重要句型中 1.“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件。 2.“祈使句+or(else)+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件，or(else)表示“否则;要不然”。 如：Hurry up , and you’ll catch the train. (=If you hurry up，you’ll catch the train.) Hurry up，or y

5、ou’ll miss the train.(=If you don’t hurry up，you’ll miss the train.) 二、感叹句 (一)感叹句的结构及用法 感叹句是抒发强烈感情的句子，如欢乐、兴奋、惊奇、愤怒、悲伤等，书面语中句末用感叹号。常由what或者how引导,都表示“多么”。 1、 what引导的感叹句 what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： (1)What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+(主语+谓语)! 如： What a nice girl (she is)! What an interesting movie(

6、it is)! (2)What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+(主语+谓语)! 如：What kind women they are! What nice music/bad weather/good news(it is)! 2、how引导的感叹句 how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构有： (1)How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语! 如：How hard the workers work! How clever the girl is! 注意：当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。 如：How fast the runner runs! (2)How +形容词+ a

7、+名词+ 主语+谓语。 如：How clever a boy he is! (二)特殊形式的感叹句 1、在口语中常用省略句，有时只用一个词或词组。 如：Great ! How cold ! Look out! What a fool! What a pity! My goodness! 2、Here/There开头的感叹句： (1).Here/There+主语(代词)+谓语 如：Here he comes! (2).Here/There+谓语+主语(名词) 如：Here comes the bus! 实战演练(2_ 50) 计分: 1. _ food youve cooked! A. How

8、a niceB. What a niceC. What nice 2. _terrible weather we are having these days! A. What B. What a C. How 3. - _ _ I had! - You really had a lot. A. What a great timeB. What great time C. How great time 4. _ he runs! A. How fast B. What fast C. What a fast 5. The TV is too loud. Please_. A. turn it d

9、own B. to turn it down C. turning down it 6. _ late again, Bill! A. Dont B. Dont be C. Not be 7. _ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Doesnt C. Dont 8. Please help me carry it, _ _? A. will I B. will you C. shall we 9. Dont make so much noise, _ _? A. will you B. wont you

10、C. shall we 10. Kate, _ your homework here tomorrow. A. brings B. bring C. bringing 11. _ me the truth, or Ill be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Tell 12. -_ nice girl Alice is! -Yes, she is always ready to help others. A. What a B. How C. What 13. _ exciting it was to see the 2010 EXPO! A. What B.

11、What an C. How 14. _ the lights when you leave a room. A. Turn off B. Turning off C. To turn off 15. _ tall the girl is! She is sure to become a good basketball player. A. How B. What a C. What 16. -Try not to be late for school next time. -Sure, I _. A. don’t B. won’t C. haven’t 1

12、7. _ _she dances! A. How good B. How well C. What well 18. _ _ _ bright girls they are! A. What B. What a C. How 19. _ _ hard work it is! A. How B. What C. What a 20. Please _ _, they’re having a meeting. A. not be so noisy B. be quite C. no speaking 21. _ _ to meet me at the station. I’

13、ll be waiting there. A. Not forget B. Forget not C Don’t forget 22. Lucy, _ _ the door or someone will come in. A. close B. closes C. closing 23. _play soccer in the streets. It’s too dangerous. A. Let’s B. Don’t C. Do 24. _ _ friendly he is! A. What B. How C. What a 25. It&r

14、squo;s a fine day. Let’s go fishing, _ _? A. won’t we B. will you C. shall we 26. A sign with the words“_ _” is often found in a bus. A. No parking B. No smoking C. Turn Left 27._ _his father works! A. How careful B. How carefully C. What careful 28. _ _heavy snow! A. What a B. What C. H

15、ow 29. _the mooncakes are! A. How delicious B. What delicious C. What a delicious 30. Cindy, _ to be here at 8 o’clock. A. is sure that B. will be sure C. be sure 31. Let us do it at once, _ ? A. shall we B will you C do we 32. Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard. A . not B. don&rsqu

16、o;t C. aren’t 33. _ tell a lie. A. Not B. No C. Never 34. -You look very tired. _ stopping to have a rest? - All right. A. Why not B. How about C. Why don’t 35. They are very tired. Why _ have a rest? A. not they B. no they C. don’t they 36. _ your child. We’ll look after him

17、. A. Not to worry about B. Don’t worry about C. No worry about 37. _ talk any more! It’s time for class! A. Stop B. Don’t C. No 38. _ exciting news! We’ll have a long vacation after the exam. A. How B. What an C. What 39. _ speak loudly in the movie theater. A. Can’t B.

18、 Don’t C. Not 40. It’s 7:30 now. Let’s _ work. A. go B. going to C. go to 41. _ time flies! A. What B. How C. What a 42. _ a pity! A. How B. What C. How a 43. Let’s _ loudly in public. A. don’t talk B. no talking C. not talk 44. _ Mr Right is! A. How kind man B. What ki

19、nd man C. What a kind man 45. _ from Beijing to London! A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it C. What a long way it is 46. _ nice picture you gave me! A. How B. What C. What a 47. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances! A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what 48. _ _ beautiful your new dress

20、is! A. How B. What C. What a 49. _ _old bike Li Lei is riding! A. What a B. What an C. How 50. _I miss you! A. What B. How C. How do 参考答案： 1-5 C A A A A 6-10 B C B A B 11-15 C A C A A 16-20 B B A B B 21-25 C A B B C 26-30 B B B A C 31-35 B B C B C 36-40 B B C B C 41-45 B B C C C 46-50 C A A B B 新初三快扫码关注 作者微信公众号 每日推送学习技巧，学科知识点