小学六年级英语总复习资料【精编版】.doc
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1、第 1 页 共 19 页毕业班小学英语总复习资料毕业班小学英语总复习资料一:学生易错词汇 1. a, an 的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用 an,辅音字母开头的单词用 a. 2. am , is , are 的选择: 单数用 is , 复数用 are. I 用 am , you 用 are. 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用 has , 复数用 have. I ,you 用 have . 4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is , 复数用 there are. 5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用 s
2、ome, 疑问句和否定句用any. 6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱) 二:形容词比较级详解 当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级.比较级的句子结构通常是: 什么 + 动词 be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如: 第 2 页 共 19 页Im taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重.) An elep
3、hant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大.) 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: 一般的直接在词尾加 er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以 e 结尾的,直接加 r ,如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的,先改 y 为 i 再加 er,如 funny - funnier 双写最后的字母再加 er,如 big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter 注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西. 典型错误:My hair is longe
4、r than you.(我的头发比你更长.) 比较的两者是我的头发,你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性. 应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或 My hair is longer than your hair. 比较级专项练习: 一,从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big (1) How is the Yellow River (2) How is Mr Green Hes 175cm. 第 3 页 共 19 页(3) How are your feet I wear size 18. (4)How is the fis
5、h Its 2kg. 三:动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有: A,规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加 ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以 e 结尾的动词直接加 d:如 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词要改 y 为 i 再加 ed(此类动词较少)如 study studied carry carried worry worried (注意 play,stay 不是辅音字母加 y,所以不属于此类) 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped B,不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记
6、住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was , are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank ,
7、hurt - hurt , feel - felt 四:动词现在分词详解 动词的 ing 形式的构成规则: 第 4 页 共 19 页 一般的直接在后面加上 ing , 如 doing , going , working , singing , eating 以 e 结尾的动词,要先去 e 再加 ing ,如 having , writing 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五:人称代词与物主代词一、人称代词单数复数 人称 主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyouhehimshehe
8、r第三人称itittheythem二、物主代词单数复数 数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一第二第三人称第 5 页 共 19 页人称类别人称人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的六:句型专项归类 1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He w
9、ill eat lunch at 第 6 页 共 19 页12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. 2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor. He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yest
10、erday evening. 注意 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not“.有动词 be 的句子则“not“加在 be 后面,可缩写成“isnt,arent“,但 am not 一般都分开写.没有动词 be 的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not“,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt ).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does“只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did“只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did“ . 3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的
11、句子,此类句子必须用“yes“,或“no“来回答. 如:Are you a student Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. Does he work in a hospital Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. Are there four fans in our classroom Yes, there are. / No, 第 7 页 共 19 页there arent. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight Y
12、es, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.) Will he eat lunch at 12:00 Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont). Are they swimming Yes, they are. / No, they arent. Did you watch TV yesterday evening Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 注意 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上, 把动词 be 调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可. 没有动词 be 的句子则要
13、在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可. 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does“只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did“只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did“ .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的. 4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how 等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes ,no“来回答.如:
14、What is this Its a computer. 第 8 页 共 19 页What does he do Hes a doctor. Where are you going Im going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon Mike. Which season do you like best Summer. When do you usually get up I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt is this Its Amys. Why do you l
15、ike spring best Because I can plant trees. How are you Im fine. / Im happy. How did you go to Xinjiang I went to Xinjiang by train. 其中 how 又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量), how much(多少(钱),how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重) 例句:How many pencils do you have I have three
16、pencils. How many girls can you see I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom There are 51. 小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配, How many + 名词复数 + do you have 你有多少 How many + 名词复数 + can you see 你能看见多少 How many + 名词复数 + are there 有多少 第 9 页 共 19 页七:完全,缩略形式: Im=I am hes=he is she
17、s=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not 总结:通常情况下,m 即 am,s 即 is(但 lets=let us), re 即are ,nt 即 not (但 cant=can not) 八:小学英语词汇不完全归类表 学习用品(school things):pe
18、n 钢笔 pencil 铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler 尺子 book 书 bag 包 comic book 漫画书 post card 明信片 newspaper 报纸 schoolbag 书包 eraser橡皮 crayon 蜡笔 sharpener 卷笔刀 story-book 故事书 notebook 笔记本 Chinese book 语文书 English book 英语书 math book 数学书 magazine 杂志 dictionary 词典 人体(body):foot 脚 head 头 face 脸 hair 头发 nose 鼻子 mouth 嘴 eye
19、眼睛 ear 耳朵 arm 手臂 hand 手 finger 手指 leg 腿 tail 尾巴 颜色(colours):red 红 blue 蓝 yellow 黄 green 绿 white 白 第 10 页 共 19 页black 黑 pink 粉红 purple 紫 orange 橙 brown 棕 动物(animals):cat 猫 dog 狗 pig 猪 duck 鸭 rabbit 兔 horse 马 elephant 大象 ant 蚂蚁 fish 鱼 bird 鸟 eagle 鹰 beaver 海狸 snake 蛇 mouse 老鼠 squirrel 松鼠 kangaroo 袋鼠 m
20、onkey 猴 panda 熊猫 bear 熊 lion 狮子 tiger 老虎 fox 狐狸 zebra 斑马 deer 鹿 giraffe 长颈鹿 goose 鹅 hen 母鸡 turkey 火鸡 lamb 小羊 sheep 绵羊 goat 山羊 cow 奶牛 donkey 驴 squid 鱿鱼 lobster 龙虾 shark 鲨鱼 seal 海豹 sperm whale 抹香鲸 killer whale 虎鲸 人物(people):friend 朋友 boy 男孩 girl 女孩 mother 母亲 father 父亲 sister 姐妹 brother 兄弟 uncle 叔叔;舅舅
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