期望理论 英文PPT.ppt

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1、Expectancy Theory期望理论What is expectancy theoryvExpectancy theory is a field of study about employee motivation.According to this theory,the strength of a tendency to act in a certain way depends on the strength of an expectation that act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness

2、of that outcome to the individual.In practical terms,it says that an employee will be motivated to exert a high level of effort when he or she believes that effort will lead to a good performance appraisal;which will lead to organizational rewards,and that reward will satisfy the employees personal

3、goals.Expectancy ModeIndividual effortIndividualperformance1.Effort-performance relationship.The probability perceived by the individual that exerting a given amount of effort will lead to performance.2.Performance-reward relationship.The degree to which the individual believes that performing at a

4、particular level will lead to a desired outcome.3.Rewards-personal goals relationship.The degree to which organizational rewards satisfy an personal goals or needs.OrganizationalrewardsPersonalgoalsIndividual effortIndividualperformanceOrganizationalrewardsIndividual effortIndividualperformancePerso

5、nalgoalsOrganizationalrewardsIndividual effortIndividualperformance123ApplicationThe theory focused on performance variables.It has proved to offer a relatively powerful explanation of employee productivity,absenteeism,and turnover.But the theory assumes that employees have few constraints on their

6、decision discretion.It makes many of the same assumptions that the rational model makes about individual decision making.This acts to restrict its applicable.We can conclude,the theorys power in explaining employee productivity increases when the jobs being performed are more complex and higher in the organization.期望公式 激励取决于行动结果的价值评价和其激励取决于行动结果的价值评价和其对应的期望值的乘积对应的期望值的乘积：M=VE M-motivation 激发人内部潜力的强度激发人内部潜力的强度 V-valence 目标有多大价值的主观判断目标有多大价值的主观判断 E-expectancy 对实现该目标可能性大小的主观评对实现该目标可能性大小的主观评估估我们可以利用期望理论来分析某种奖金制度有我们可以利用期望理论来分析某种奖金制度有激励作用，还是没有激励作用。（如下图）激励作用，还是没有激励作用。（如下图）