Lockout Tagout锁定挂牌.ppt

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1、Lockout/Tagout锁定挂牌Who needs training?谁需要培训What is hazardous energy?什么是危险能量源What is lockout/tagout?什么是挂牌上锁What are the different types of lockoutdevices?锁定的不同方式What is the requirement for tags?挂牌的要求What lockout/tagout procedures are required?挂牌锁定程序的要求What This Training Will Cover:本次培训包括1Who Needs Tra

2、ining?谁需要培训Authorized employees people who lock or tag out machines or equipment to perform servicing.授权人员在维修设备时锁定和挂牌的人员Affected employees people who use machines or equipment on which servicing is performed under lockout/tagout.涉及人员操作在维修时锁定挂牌设备的人员Other employees people who work in the area of locke

3、d out machinery or equipment其他员工在锁定设备区域工作的人员2What is Hazardous Energy?什么是危险能量源Hazardous energy is one of the following:危险能量源包括Electricity live or stored电带电或蓄积的Moving machinery parts运动的机械部件Stored mechanical movement in machinery设备中蓄积的机械能3“Stored mechanical movement means some part of a machine can be

4、 moved by electricity,hydraulic fluid,air pressure,water pressure or gravity.This energy can sometimes still exist or be stored when the machinery is turned off.For example,hydraulic fluids can move machinery parts even when the motor or electricity is off,if a certain valve is opened.蓄积的机械能指设备中的某些部

5、件被电、蒸汽、压缩空气、水或重力所驱动。当设备关闭时，这些能量有时会继续存在或蓄积下来。例如，如果阀门打开，即使当马达或电源关闭，蒸汽依然可以驱动设备部件In the truck photo,the upraised truck bed has hazardous stored energy because gravity could move it down on top of a mechanic working under it,if the bed is not physically blocked in the up position.”上图所示卡车，升高的车存在蓄积的危险能量，因为

6、在重力作用下，它会下降。因此在升高位置需要物理锁定 What is Hazardous Energy?什么是危险能量源Stored heat(steam lines or hot liquids)蓄积的热量（蒸汽或热水管道）Chemicals in pipelines under pressure or force of gravity带压或重力作用的化学品管道Any other active or stored energy sources that could harm a worker其他可能伤害员工的蓄积能量4Hazardous Energy Source Examples 危险能量源

7、示例Live electrical lines 带电导线 Electrical capacitors电容器 Lasers激光 Engines that move machinery parts 机械运动部件 Hydraulic lifts 液压机 Pneumatic(air pressure)lines 压缩空气管道 Springs弹簧5“Other examples include forklifts with the forks in the up position,steam and hot liquid pipes,fuel lines such as natural gas to h

8、eaters.其他包括叉板处在高位的叉车，蒸汽和热水管道，天然气管道 These examples are considered hazardous,because just“turning them off”does not guarantee they wont accidentally be turned on again during maintenance or repair,or they continue to have stored energy after being“turned off”.这些只所以认为是危险的，是因为只是关闭并不意味着在维护或修理过程中它们不会意外开启或

9、是在关闭状态下依然蓄积能量。Hazardous Energy Source Examples 危险能量源示例Lockout/Tagout and Confined Spaces 挂牌上锁和狭窄空间Lockout/Tagout is important in confined spaces since it is easy to get trapped and hard to escape.挂牌上锁对于狭窄空间非常重要，因为狭窄空间易于受困和难以逃离Pipelines leading into tanks must be blanked off before entering the space

10、.进入前必须清空通向容器的管道 All electrical and mechanical hazardous energy must be addressed and locked out or tagged as needed.所有的电和机械能量源必须标识并挂牌锁定6What kind of injuries can happen?会导致什么样的伤害Electrocution from live parts带电部件电击Scalding from steam or hot liquids蒸汽或热水管道烫伤Chemical burns or poisoning化学品灼伤或中毒From mach

11、inery:来自机械的-Deep cuts and gashes切割伤害-Crushing injuries挤压伤害-Amputations断肢All of these can be fatal when severe 严重时会导致死亡8Electric shock can kill电击是致命的电击是致命的as low as 30 volts can carry enough current to kill 30伏的电压也会具有足够的电流而使人致命Use non-conducting tools 使用绝缘工具Check circuits dead before working工作前检查电路 L

12、ock&Tag source breakers not switches 锁定电器开关 Ensure all control power is de-energized 确保所有的控制开关已经切断Discharge all capacitors after Lockout锁定后将电容放电Mechanical Energy Hazards机械能量危害机械能量危害2 Types 两种类型两种类型Kinetic in motion动力的动力的-运转的运转的Potential stored 潜在的潜在的-积蓄的积蓄的Energy of moving machinery can cause 运行设备的能

13、量会导致运行设备的能量会导致q Amputations 切断切断 q Lacerations 破口q Fractures 骨折q Loss of life 丧命Potential Energy Hazards 潜在能量的危害潜在能量的危害 Energy stored in machinery 设备内积蓄的能量设备内积蓄的能量 Weights&Springs 重力和弹性 Pistons under pressure 带压的活塞 Hydraulic controls液压控制液压控制 Stored potential energy can be released during work causin

14、g injury or death蓄积的潜在能量会在工作过程中释放从而蓄积的潜在能量会在工作过程中释放从而导致伤害或死亡。导致伤害或死亡。Chemical Energy Hazards化学能量危害化学能量危害Chemicals have energy that can 化学品化学品的能量会的能量会cause skin burns 造成皮肤灼伤generate harmful gases or fumes 产生有害的气体或烟雾产生有害的气体或烟雾start fires 引发火灾引发火灾Before working release,drain or vent chemicals safely 开始

15、工作前开始工作前-释放、排空或通风释放、排空或通风Thermal Energy Hazards 热能危害热能危害Energy of Heat(and cold)热能（冷）热能（冷）Hot equipment&fluids will burn you 灼热的设备或流体会灼伤Cold fluids can cause injury also 低温流体也会导致伤害Quick release of compresses gases can freeze your skin 急剧释放的压缩气体会冻伤皮肤Allow equipment to reach a safe temperature before

16、starting work.在开始工作前确保 设备达到安全温度Hydraulic Energy液压能量液压能量Energy of Liquids Under Pressure 液压能量会液压能量会q pressure can cause equipment to move 压力会使设备运转 q rapid release can cause injury 快速释放会造成伤害q or ejection of system parts 从系统部件中喷出Relieve pressure slowly into a proper container 将压力缓慢释放到适当的容器内将压力缓慢释放到适当的容

17、器内Pneumatic Energy Hazards气压危害气压危害Energy of Compressed Gases 压缩气体的能量会压缩气体的能量会 uncontrolled release can cause injury 释放失控会造成伤害 rapid de-pressurization creates extreme low temperature 急速泄压会产生低温 Properly vent all systems before starting work 在工作开始前对系统应进行适当的排空Safety cartoon:Do not laugh only,it maybe ha

18、ppened on yourselfWhen is Lockout/Tag-out required?什么时候要求挂牌上锁When someone will be servicing or repairing machinery or equipment 当有人正在维护或修理设备AND并且the unexpected machinery start-up or release of stored energy could cause injury设备会意外启动或释放出蓄积的能量而导致伤害10The person working on this saw obviously would not w

19、ant someone inadvertently starting up the saw.”正在修理锯子的人很明显不希望有人会不经意的启动设备Service and Maintenance Examples维护示例Installing,constructing,安装adjusting,modifying,调试unjamming,cleaning,清线清洁lubrication,inspecting,检修setup-preparing for normal function试机These activities often require a worker to place all or par

20、t of their body into the machines hazard zone.以上作业经常使员工的身体的一部分或全部进入到设备的危险区域中，11What is an energy-isolating device?什么是能量隔离装置An electrical circuit breaker,电路闸门A device that physically prevents transmission or release of energy such as:采取物理作用以防止能量的传递和释放的装置，例如：A machine block,机械锁A pipeline valve,管道阀门Any

21、thing else that positively blocks or isolates energy.可以主动地阻隔或分离能量的装置12What is a Lockout Device?什么是锁定装置A device that positively:装置能够主动的使prevents a machine from being started up or turned on,设备启动prevents a machinery part from moving,设备部件运转prevents electrical energizing,通电blocks a pipeline,steam line o

22、r air line阻隔管道，蒸汽或空气管道13“A lockout device is a usually a lock,key,valve or switch cover that holds an energy isolating or control device in the off or safe position until the lockout device is removed.Lockout must be done according to an established procedure.”锁定装置通常为锁、钥匙、阀门或开关盖组成，能够阻隔能量或控制设备在安全的位置直

23、至解除锁定。锁定必须按照制定的程序执行。Electrical Lockout Devices电气锁定装置Locked out electrical panel电柜锁定Locked out circuit breaker电路开关锁定Locked out electrical plug电气插头锁定14“If you dont have an electrical disconnect next to a machine,then you can attach a lock to the electrical panel.There are also individual circuit break

24、er locks,which may be better than locking the electrical panel cover since in an emergency,it may be necessary to get to the panel to shut off breakers other than the one that is locked out.如果设备上没有连接设备的电源断路器，可以在电柜上锁定。另外也有单独的电路开关锁定，这种锁定好于电柜锁定。因为在紧急情况下，可能需要打开电柜关闭开关而不是锁定它。Electrical Lockout Devices电气锁定

25、装置Fluid&Gas Lockout Devices流体和气体锁定装置15“These lockout devices prevent the valves in air,water,gas or steam lines from being opened.”这种锁定装置能够防止空气、水、气体或蒸汽管线阀门的开启Pipe Lockout Examples管线锁定示例16“A physical block or break in a pipeline prevents steam,gas or liquids from flowing through the pipe to the area

26、where maintenance work is being done.For example,the pipe to a chemical tank must be blocked or disconnected before someone goes in to do repair or maintenance.”管线上采取物理堵塞或切断能够防止蒸汽、气体或液体通过管线流往人员进行维护的区域。例如，化学品储罐在人员进入维护或修理前必须阻塞或切断Pneumatic Lockout Examples空气锁定示例17“These devices prevent compressed air f

27、rom flowing through lines and moving some part of the machinery.The locks prevent anyone from hooking up the lines while maintenance is being done.”锁定装置能阻隔压缩空气通过管线流动和驱动设备的某些部件。防止在维修时有人开启管线。Physical BlocksTruck bed lockout卡车车厢锁定Punch press blocks冲压机阻隔器18Group Lockout Devices多重锁定装置Used when more than

28、one person doing maintenance or repair on same machine or equipment.用于超过一人对于同一设备进行维护和修理的作业Machinery or equipment cant be started up until all locks are removed.在所有锁定解除前设备不能启动Each person places and removes their own lock.每个人只能解除自己的锁定19“Group or“gang”locks are typically used when several people are do

29、ing maintenance and repair at the same time on a machine or piece of equipment.Each lock should have a clear identification(usually a name)showing who it belongs to.No one can remove another persons lock.”多重锁定用于在同一时间内有几个人对设备进行维护和修理。每个锁定应清晰的标识（通常采用姓名）以显示所有者。一个人不能解除他人的锁定。Example of a bad lockout/tagou

30、t20“This obviously not a real lockout device since it could be easily removed.”很明显这不是一个真正的锁定装置，因为它容易被解除 What is Tag-out?什么是挂牌Tags are warning devices only挂牌只是警示装置They dont provide the same level of protection as lockout device它们不能替代锁定装置的保护作用They can only be removed by an authorized person.它们只能由授权人员解

31、除They must be legible,securely attached and resistant to degradation.它们必须清晰标注，牢固附着。22“Tags cannot be used as a substitute for lockout devices.They can only be used alone if there is no other way to positively control hazardous energy.However,they are often used along with lockout devices as an addit

32、ional warning.The separate sign can be used as further warning or information.”挂牌不能当做锁定装置使用。仅能单独用在没有其他方式能够主动的控制危险能量源的情况。然而，它们经常和锁定装置一起使用作为额外的警示。单独的标识能够作为警示或提示。Lockout Procedures锁定程序Six Steps to Follow:遵循以下六个步骤1.Notify affected employees that machine or equipment will be shut down and locked out告知涉及人

33、员设备将要关闭并锁定 2.Shut down the machinery or equipment关闭设备 3.Isolate energy sources with energy-isolating devices 隔离能量源244.Lock out energy-isolating devices with assigned locks锁定能量隔离装置5.Release or restrain stored or residual energy 释放或控制蓄积或残余的能量6.Test machinery to make sure it cant start up 测试设备以确认不能启动Lo

34、ckout Steps锁定步骤Notify Employees告知员工告知员工ShutdownEquipment关闭设备关闭设备Isolate Energy隔离能量隔离能量Attach LockoutDevice设置锁定设置锁定Release Stored Energy释放蓄积能量释放蓄积能量Verify Lockout确认锁定确认锁定Service&Maintenance维护维护26LOTO Procedures程序1.Notify affected employees 通告所有涉及的员工2.Shut down the machine using normal shut down proce

35、dures for the equipment to be locked out.采用正常的关机程序关闭要锁定的设备3.De-activate the energy isolation device(s)(such as switches,valves,circuit breakers,etc.)to isolate the machine from all energy sources.将能量隔离装置隔离（例如开关、阀门、断路开关）4.Lockout and tag out the isolating device 锁定和挂牌隔离装置5.Dissipate or restrain store

36、d or residual energy in springs,air lines,capacitors,etc.释放或控制蓄积或残存的能量，例如弹簧、空气管路、电容等。6.Verify that equipment is isolated from all energy sources by trying to turn it on.After verification,place start/stop back in neutral position.通过启动设备验证所有的能量源已经隔离。验证后，将启动/停止控制回复到空位。7.The machine is now locked out a

37、nd tagged out.设备现在已经锁定和挂牌Restoring Equipment to Service.设备恢复运行1.Check the machine and the immediate area to ensure all nonessential items have been removed and that equipment components are operationally intact.(guards in place,machine parts in place,tools not left in equipment,etc.)检查设备和相邻区域以确保所有非必

38、要部件已经移除以及设备的运行部件完备。（防护、部件安装到位、设备内没有遗留工具等）2.Ensure that all employees have been safely positioned or removed from the area.确保所有的员工处于安全位置或离开该区域3.Verify that start/stop controls are neutral.核实启动/停止控制操作处在空位4.Remove the lockout tagout devices and reenergize the equipment.将锁定/挂牌装置移除后重新启动设备5.Notify affecte

39、d employees that the servicing and maintenance is completed and is ready to use.通告所有涉及的员工保养和维修已经完成待用.Shift or Personnel Change换班或人员更替1.The on-coming authorized employee must place his/her lockout tag out devices as the off-going authorized employee removes his/her lockout.来接班的授权员工必须用他/她自己的锁定挂牌装置来更换将

40、要下班被授权员工的锁定挂牌装置.2.Re-testing must be done to ensure the de-energized state of the equipment,if safe to do so.必须对设备重新测试以确保安全.3.Employees must discuss the status of maintenance or servicing and any other notification of start-up or testing to be performed.员工之间必须就目前的维修或保养以及其他任何正在运行或测试的事项进行沟通.Examples o

41、f Release of Stored Energy释放蓄积能量示例“Slowly open the receiver tank port and bleed off any internal pressure.”缓慢打开回收罐的端口并清空所有内压“Loosen both line valves to relieve all pressure in the cooling circuit.”松开冷却回路管道上的阀门“Ground out capacitor”电容器接地27Examples of Attempt to Operate 操作测试示例“adjust the temperature c

42、ycle thermostat to check that all electrical energies have been shut off.”调节温度循环控制器“Push the start function button to verify that electric power has been removed.”按下启动按钮以确认电源已经关闭“Crack the steam inlet and discharge line outlet valves”切断蒸汽进口和打开排气阀28Start-up Procedures启动程序All warned to stay clear所有警示明

43、确Remove all tools,locks and tags所有工具，锁具和挂牌移除Remove,reverse,open or reactivate isolating devices移除、倒转、打开或重启隔离装置Visual check that all is clear目视检查Start up machine,process or line flow开启设备、程序或管路Only authorized employee can do startup只有授权人员能够启动29Lockout-Tagout Protects YOU!锁定锁定/挂牌保护你挂牌保护你Disciplinary action up to termination will be takenagainst anyone who fails to follow LOTO Policy.任何人违反锁定/挂牌程序的纪律处罚措施最严厉的是终止合同Please be careful when working on energizedequipment！在具有能量的设备上工作要留意，否则你就会在具有能量的设备上工作要留意，否则你就会