新概念第三册Lesson53.pptx

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1、Lesson52 Multiple Choice1.a 2.c 3.d 4.b 5.c 6.d 7.b 8.a 9.c 10.d 11.a 12.d 第1页/共59页Lesson 53 In the public interestLing第2页/共59页IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST第3页/共59页What could not be reported in the official files?uThe fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners.Why did Sweden introduce the in

2、stitution of Ombudsman?uSweden introduced the institution of Ombudsman to investigate private grievances against the State.第4页/共59页How is an Ombudsman chosen in Sweden?uAn Ombudsman is chosen by a parliamentary committee which represents all political parties.How can the public find out about the Om

3、budsmans work?uThe public can find out the Os work through his correspondence which is open to public inspection.第5页/共59页New words and expressionsevolvehigh-handedincompetentover-zealouslysafeguardparliamentaryqualifiedgrievancejustiteombudsmansecretivecorrespondencealteraccusationascertainprejudice

4、dprompt第6页/共59页evolve v.1)逐渐形成（develop gradually）e.g-a system for doing -形成了一套的体系e.g-He has d a new system for running the school.e.g-这个想法是从我在阁楼里发现的一幅画得到启发的 -The idea evolved from a drawing I discovered in the attic.第7页/共59页2）进化，进化形成(biology)from/into e.g-The three species evolved from a single ance

5、stor.-这三种生物从同一祖先进化而来e.g-鱼是由史前海洋生物进化而来的 -Fish evolved from prehistoric sea creature.evolution n.发展，演变（revolution 革命）evolutionism n.进化论（theory of evolution）evolutionist 进化论者第8页/共59页revolve,evolve,involvevolve:转，卷前缀re-表示again(and again),所以是旋转前缀e-(=-ex)表示向外）（卷着的东西）展开-v.(使）发展，（使）进化Man has evolved from th

6、e ape.前缀in-表示“入内”，involve:卷入，涉及：Dont involve other people in your trouble.别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。第9页/共59页high-handed adj.高压的，专横的=overbearinge.g-实在没有必要这样专横行事 -There was really no need for such high-handed behaviour.henpeck第10页/共59页“high-”high-born 出生高贵的high-class 极好的；上流社会的high-definition 高清晰度的；高分辨率的high-end 高

7、档的high-flying 十分成功的high-level 级别高的high-maintenance 费神费力的high-minded 高尚的high-perfomance 高性能的第11页/共59页incompetent adj.不够格的competent adj.足以胜任的；有能力的be competent to do/for sth.=be qualified to do/for sth.=have competence to do/for=have qualification to do/fore.g-他能够胜任这份工作 -He is competent to do the job.第

8、12页/共59页safeguard v.保护 sth/sb(against/from sth)e.g-新的安保系统将保护公司免遭盗窃 -The new security system will the company against theft.n.保护措施e.g-强有力的法律保护 -strong legal safeguard第13页/共59页grievance n.不平，冤屈air ones 诉说苦衷nurse a grievence against sb 对某人心怀不满grieve v.使悲伤 to:e.g-It s me to see this tragic movie.that:e.

9、g-It grieved him that he could do nothing to help her.for/over sb/sth 为而悲伤grief n.第14页/共59页correspondence n.1）来往信件；通信；通信联系personal/private keep with sb.保持通信联系be in column/page 读者来信专栏第15页/共59页2)一致，符合in with sb.与相一致；与有通信bring sth.into with sth.使一致a between A and Be.g-这两段摘录如出一辙 -There is a close corres

10、pondence between the two extracts.correspond v.correspondent n.通讯员，通信者第16页/共59页accusation n.谴责，指控e.g-我要有一些证据以后才提出控告 -I dont want to make an until I have some proof.of 关于的指控(accuse sb.of)e.g-of corrupton/cruelty/racism -对贪腐/暴行/种族主义的控告 anonymous 匿名指控 against 对.的谴责/指责e.g-无人相信她对她丈夫的无端指责 -No one believed

11、 her wild s against her husband第17页/共59页ascertain v.查出，查明(formal)e.g-It can be difficult to ascertain the fact.ascertain that.e.g-我已查清，驾驶员伤势不重 -I ascertained that the driver was not bady hurt.ascertain wh-.e.g-警方正设法查清到底发生了什么事 -The police are trying to ascertain what really happened.第18页/共59页Pride an

12、d Prejudice 简.奥斯汀第19页/共59页prejudiced adj.有偏见的，不公平的be against sb/sth 对有偏见e.g-Many employers are against women enployees.e.g-很少有人会承认自己有种族偏见 -Few people will admit to being racially prejudiced.e.g-I think its an excellent article,but then Im prejudiced-I wrote it!prejudice n.第20页/共59页Close your book an

13、d listen again.第21页/共59页The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies.enlighten启动；开导；阐明e.g-她未向他讲明自己的出身背景 -She didnt him about her background.Text第22页/共59页enlightenment n.the Enlightenment（18世纪欧洲的）启蒙运动enlightening adj.有启迪作用的e.g-It was a very ing

14、interview.enlightened adj.开明的；文明的e.g-policy/management第23页/共59页Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers.protect=safeguard(more formal)第24页/共59页The system has worked so well,that it has been adopted in other countries

15、 too.形近词辨析：adopt v.采用；收养 e.g-All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.adoption n.第25页/共59页adapt v.适应；e.g-The organisms were forced to adapt in order to survive.adept adj.&n.be at/in sth/doing sth熟练的;内行，能手e.g-Silas proved adept in the art of avoiding potholes in the road.e.g-He is

16、an adept in the art of persuasion.*the art of.方法；诀窍；本领第26页/共59页The Swedes were the first to recognize that public officials like civil servants,collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public.zealous adj.zeal n.热情；激情 for/in sthzealot n.（尤指宗教或政治的）狂热分子

17、，狂热者zealotry n.狂热分子的态度（或行为）第27页/共59页civil adj.1)公民的，民用的，民事的 rights 公民权 servant lawcriminal law case 民事案件2)国内的 war 内战3)文明的e.g-As visitors,the least we can do is be civil to the people in their own land.civilize v.civilization n.第28页/共59页.in the belief that they are serving the public.in the believe t

18、hat=believe ine.g-He turned to me for help because he believed that I could help him.-He turned to me for help in the belief that I could lend him a hand.-He turned to me for help,believing that I could lend him a hand.informal第29页/共59页in the hope that.=hopingin the thought that.=thinkingunder the i

19、mpression that.第30页/共59页As long ago as 1809,the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual.introduce 引进；采用，推行e.g-推行新的经济措施 -new economic measurese.g-以民主的方法推行社会改革 -the social changes in democratic way第31页/共59页.the interest of the individual.interest usually pl.p

20、romote/protect/safeguard sbs interests 为某人的利益游说；保护、维护某人的利益in ones own interests为了某人自己的好处in the best interests of.对.最有利in the public interest 为了公众的利益第32页/共59页A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances agai

21、nst the State.appoint v.1)任命，委派 sb.as/to be managerappointee n.被任命者/律指定的遗产第33页/共59页2)指定（时间、地点），约定-The date for the sport meet is still to be ed.尚未确定（有待确定）appointment n.指定，约会make an 约会；预约（电话）first 第一次约会第34页/共59页The official title of the person is Justiteombudsman,but the Swedes commonly refer to him

22、as the J.O.or Ombudsman.refer to sb as.称呼某人为.e.g-她总是称Ben为“那个大好人”-She always referred to Ben as that nice man.第35页/共59页The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure.be subject to sth/sb受.支配；服从于e.g-我们都要受自然规律的支配 -We are all to the laws of nature.第36页/共59页subject 1)n.主题，题目a book on the of sailing主题

23、为航海的书chage the 改变话题2）n.主语objectsubject clause 主语从句subjective主观的objective3）学科n.e.g-Chemistry is not my favourite subject.第37页/共59页pressure n.压力 v.强制，压迫air 大气压力psychological exert/put on under the of 在的压力下-We are ed into making a difficult decision.-我们被迫做出一个艰难的决定。第38页/共59页He investigates complaints la

24、rge and small that come to him from all levels of society.形容词短语做定语通常放在被修饰名词的后面e.g-A great many students boy and girl went to the party yesterday.e.g-Many people old and young visited the shop.第39页/共59页As complaints must be made in writing,the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year.be

25、made in writing=be written downan average of.平均e.g-我平均每天工作8小时 -I work for an average of eight hours a day.第40页/共59页He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and he examines every single letter in detail.in detail(s)详细地.go into detil(s)详细叙述；逐一说明e.g-I cant go into details onw;it would take too long.-

26、我现在不能细说，太费工夫。sb has/have an eye for detail 善于发现并记住细节the details 细节 反 the main points第41页/共59页There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsmans work,for his correspondence is open to public inspection.be open to sth1)思想开明的；不固执己见的e.g-Im open to suggestions for what you would like to do in our classes.-我

27、很乐意听听你们对课堂活动的建议。第42页/共59页2)未决定的；待决定的e.g-The price is not open to negotiation.-价格不容商议。an open questionhave/keep an open mind(about/on sth)keep ones eyes/ears open(for sth)an open book第43页/共59页If a citizens complaint is justified,the Ombudsman will act on his behalf.on sbs behalf/on behalf of sb代表（或代替

28、）某人e.g-On behalf of the department I would like to thank you all.in sbs behalf/in behalf of sb为帮助某人（US）e.g-We collected money in behalf of the homeless.第44页/共59页He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law(should)be altered.The following case is a typical example of t

29、he Ombudsmans work.(常用句式)e.g-The following article is a fictitious case study designed to demonstrate the practical application of Fair Housing laws in issues faced by landlords and tenants.第45页/共59页A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treat

30、ed by the police,simply because he was a foreigner.simply because=only because=just because第46页/共59页There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigners complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation.It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action,but when h

31、e received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village,he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter.The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions.第47页/共59页It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find thi

32、s out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts.it is only possible to.bye.g-With pinhole cameras and camera obscura it was only possible to project an image of actual scene,such as an image of the sun,on a surface.第48页/共59页The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was in

33、formed that if any further complaints were lodged against him,he would be prosecuted.in question 议论中的/有疑问的out of the question 不可能；不允许；不值得讨论prosecute(sb)(for sth/doing sth)起诉，控告，检举第49页/共59页The Ombudsmans prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.put an

34、 end to.make an end of.结束.e.g-让我们结束这场愚蠢的争吵吧！-Lets put an end to this foolish quarrel.-Lets make an end of this foolish quarrel.第50页/共59页The Ombudsmans prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.may/might+have done用法1）都可用于对过去事物的怀疑和推测，might 比may可能性小-It m

35、ay/might have rained yesterday.2）may不能用疑问句，通常用might/can 代替-Might you have met him somewhere?-你是否可能在其他地方见过他呢？第51页/共59页3)might have done“本来可以/有可能”表感叹或遗憾-might not have done-You might not have told us about it.-你本来可以不告诉我们这件事的。（might not have done比should not have done委婉）第52页/共59页Close your book and list

36、en again.第53页/共59页Tell us about any time you have complained about something,and why-in a shop,for example.Topics for discussion第54页/共59页People wearing uniforms can sometimes be high-handed.What do you think?第55页/共59页Do you think that having an Ombudsman is a good idea?Why/Why not?第56页/共59页单词背诵课后习题听抄（第三段）Homework第57页/共59页THE END第58页/共59页谢谢您的观看！第59页/共59页