中职英语名词总复习.pptx

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1、考点揭密考点揭密1.掌握名词的概念、分类，名词可分为：普通名词和专有名词；2.掌握名词复数的构成、用法；名词所有格的构成方法及用法；3.理解名词在句中的功能，掌握名词作主语、表语、宾语、复合宾语、定语、状语和同位语的用法；4.能够辨析部分名词的用法区别，并熟练运用，如：family,home,house;work,job等 第1页/共29页名词的数名词的数名词的所有格名词的所有格名词的变化名词的变化可数名词可数名词不可数名不可数名词词第2页/共29页名词的单数形式名词的单数形式 一般可用一般可用a来修饰来修饰 *a car *a book 在在元音发音元音发音开头的单词前用开头的单词前用 an

2、 *an elephant *an apple *an orange 第3页/共29页flowerflowers找规律找规律watchesfactory-factoriesleaf-leavesboxes第4页/共29页名词的复数形式名词的复数形式 1.1.复数形式的构成方法复数形式的构成方法 (1)(1)一般在复数名词后加一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/s/or/z/*dog dogs *book books (2)(2)以以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加结尾的名词加“eses”/iz/iz/*box boxes *watch watches 第5页/共29页(3)(3)以辅音字母加

3、以辅音字母加y y结尾的名词结尾的名词,变变y为为i加加“es”/iz/iz/*country countries *factory factories 请区别：如果是元音字母加请区别：如果是元音字母加y y 结尾的名词结尾的名词则只须加则只须加“s s”*boy boys holidayholiday-holidayholidays s *monkey monkeys 第6页/共29页找规律找规律tomatoespotatoesheroes第7页/共29页radiosphotos找规律找规律zoospianos第8页/共29页(4)(4)以以o o结尾的名词加结尾的名词加“s”/z/z/*r

4、adio radios *zoo zoos 只有只有 potato tomato加加“es”构成复构成复数数 potato potatoes tomato tomatoeszero-zeros/zeroeszero-zeros/zeroes。(5)(5)以以f、fe 结尾的名词结尾的名词,变变f、fe 为为v再加再加“es”/vz/vz/*half halves *shelf shelves *knife knives *leaf leaves 第9页/共29页2.2.特殊变化的单词特殊变化的单词 (1)(1)单复数同形单复数同形Chinese Chinese fish fish Japane

5、se Japanese sheepsheep (2)(2)变元音字母变元音字母oo为为ee tooth teeth foot feet 第10页/共29页不规则变化不规则变化child-childrenwoman-womendeersheepman-men第11页/共29页3.3.变变man为为 men man men woman women policeman policemen Frenchman Frenchmen 请区别：请区别：German(德国人德国人)Germans 4.其它形式其它形式 child children mouse mice第12页/共29页 5.5.一些合成名词的

6、复数构成分两种情况一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况 (1)(1)将中心词变为复数将中心词变为复数 girlfriend girlfriends grandchild grandchildren (2)(2)man,woman 构成的合成词，每个构成的合成词，每个名词都要变成复数名词都要变成复数 a man doctor men doctors a woman teacher women teachers 第13页/共29页6.6.常以复数形式出现的名词常以复数形式出现的名词 people clothes police trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用这些名词

7、作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数复数 *My clothes are newer than yours.*The police often come here.第14页/共29页 7.7.可用可用how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of,some，a lot of 等修饰可数名词复数等修饰可数名词复数 *There are a fewa few people in the park.*How manyHow many knives are there in your pencil-box?第15页/共29页不可数名词不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词物质名

8、词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如如:water:water，ricerice，fishfish，meat meat 等。等。特别记住特别记住housework work chalk time space music money weather cotton homework wood information news medicine第16页/共29页 1.1.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数数 *Some bread is over there.*No news is good news.2.2.常用常用how much,much,a little,litt

9、le,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不等来修饰不可数名词可数名词 *They had much money.*He does little housework at home.第17页/共29页 3.3.常用常用a piece of,a cup of,a glass of,a bottle of等来表示不可数名词的量等来表示不可数名词的量,单复数表现在单复数表现在of 前面的名词上，而前面的名词上，而 of of 后后始终是单数始终是单数 *There is a piece of paper in the book.*Three glasses of orange are on t

10、he desk.第18页/共29页 4.4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可况下可相互相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同转化，同一个词，但意思不同 (1)glass(1)glass(玻璃玻璃)a glass(a glass(玻璃杯玻璃杯)paper(paper(纸纸)a paper(a paper(报纸报纸)work(work(工作工作)a work(a work(著作著作)room(room(空间空间)a room(a room(房间房间)第19页/共29页 (2)fruit(2)fruit(水果水果)fruits(fruits(各种水果各种水果)fish(

11、fish(鱼肉鱼肉)fishes(fishes(几条鱼几条鱼)hair(hair(所有头发所有头发)hairs(hairs(白头发白头发)time(time(时间时间)times(times(时代时代)第20页/共29页指点迷津指点迷津1.1.Ten years _(is,are)short time for me.Ten years _(is,are)short time for me.2.2.A pair of shoes _(is,are)under the bed.A pair of shoes _(is,are)under the bed.3.3.The number of the

12、students in our school The number of the students in our school _(is,are)2,000._(is,are)2,000.4.4.The woman with two children _(is The woman with two children _(is,are)coming here.,are)coming here.5.5.Neither he nor I _(is,am)an American.Neither he nor I _(is,am)an American.isamisisis第21页/共29页指点迷津指点

13、迷津6.Maths _(are,is)hard to learn for the boy.6.Maths _(are,is)hard to learn for the boy.7.They are all _(woman,teachers 7.They are all _(woman,teachers;women teachers).;women teachers).8.The population of China _(are,is)over 8.The population of China _(are,is)over 1,300,000,000.1,300,000,000.9.There

14、 are many _(peoples,people)in the street 9.There are many _(peoples,people)in the street in summer.in summer.10.One of the students _(have,has)gone to 10.One of the students _(have,has)gone to Shanghai.Shanghai.is isis iswomenwomen teachersteacherspeoplepeopleh h hashas第22页/共29页1.Several_aretalkingu

15、nderthetreeAndtheyare_.Awoman;childrenBwoman;childCwomen;children2.Therearethreeinmyfamily.(2004长春）长春）A.people B.personC.child3.Moststudentscangotocollegeforfurtherinourcity.A.educationB.informationC.science4.Pleasegiveme_paper.A.oneB.apiecesC.apieceD.apieceof5.Thistableismadeof_.A.manyglassB.somegl

16、assesC.glassesD.glass C A A D D第23页/共29页6.Some_cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies7.Inthepicturetherearemany_andtwo_.A.sheeps;foxesB.sheeps;foxesC.sheep;foxes D.sheep;foxs8.Theywritemostoftheir_inEnglish.A.businessletterB.businesslettersC.businessesD.businesseslette

17、rs9._are_forcuttingthings.A.Knife,usedB.Knives,usingC.Knife,using D.Knives,used10.Johnbought_forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoesDBACA第24页/共29页根据所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Different people may have different _.(idea)2.I often go to work on.(foot)3.I know one of the

18、.(boy)4.Mr.Brown is wearing a pair of .(glass)5.Please give them their .(photo)6.Are there any in the box?(watch)7.There are twelve in a year.(month)8.Would you like some?(tomato)9.Look at those in the boats!(people)10.Look!The are singing.(woman)11.Jim has some .(knife)12.How much are these?(vegeta

19、ble)ideasfootboysglassesphotoswatchesmonthstomatoespeoplewomenknivesvegetables第25页/共29页1.The rich_not always happy.A.are B.is C.have D.has2.In Britain,_are all painted red.A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box3.There are four_and two_in the group.A.Japanese，Germen B.Japaneses，Ger

20、men C.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，Germans4.She was born in Wuhan,but Beijing has become her second_.A.home B.family C.house D.country 5.Mother brought me_.A.a good news B.a piece of news C.many good news D.two news 课时训练课时训练AADAB第26页/共29页6.We can do the work better with_money and _ people.A.less,fewer

21、B.fewer,less C.little,little D.few,few7.Beijing is one of the most beautiful_in China.A.city B.cities C.citys D.the cities8.Would you like_?A.some more meat B.any more meat C.many more meat D.more much meat课时训练课时训练(A)BA第27页/共29页9.What can I do for you,sir?Id like two_.A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks10.“Nightingal Prize”is for_.A.workers B.scientists C.doctors D.nurseCD第28页/共29页谢谢您的观看！第29页/共29页