虚拟语气用法讲解.pptx

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1、英语中的三种语气陈述语气：用于陈述事实。祈使语气：用于提出请求、命令等。虚拟语气：表示说话人说的不是事实而是一种假设、猜想等。表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等。第1页/共36页一.虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。（1）真实条件句：假设的情况是有可能发生的。If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will go to the park.（2）虚拟条件句：假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来都不可能发生的。If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it

2、.第2页/共36页1.与现在事实相反从句-过去式(be通常用were)，主句-should(would,could,might)+动词原形”：If I knew her number I could ring her up.If he were free,he would help us.Should用于第一三人称would表示结果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允许或可能性 第3页/共36页If I had a lot of money I would buy a villa.第4页/共36页1.如果我是只鸟，我就能在天上飞了。I f I were a bird,I could

3、fly in the sky.2.If I _(有)a knife，I _(就杀了)you。hadwould kill第5页/共36页2.与将来事实相反或将来的愿望推测从句-did/should+do/were to do主句-should/would/could/might+do 第6页/共36页If he got up early,he would be on time.第7页/共36页3、与过去事实相反从句had done主句should/would/could/might+have done第8页/共36页If he _ more carefully,he _ the car acci

4、dent yesterday.had driven would not have had 第9页/共36页虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法总结时态时态If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来did/werewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.did/were2.should do3.were to dowould/could/should/might+V.(原)had done第10页/共36页二：二：交叉虚拟交叉虚拟 主从句动作发生的时间不主从句动作发生的时间不同时，按时间来确定虚拟形式。同时

5、，按时间来确定虚拟形式。If the weather had been better,the crops would be growing still better.第11页/共36页If it were not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.第12页/共36页当If条件句中有were,had,should这三个助动词时，可将If省略，从而将这三个助动词放到句首。第13页

6、/共36页without和和but for 构成虚拟。构成虚拟。(but for要不是要不是)Without sunlight,peoples life would be difficult.But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.第14页/共36页 otherwise,or,or else等的虚拟用等的虚拟用法法 She wasnt feeling very well.Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early.第15页/共36页高考链接：Jack cant have

7、arrived yet,otherwise he _ me.A.would phoned B.phonedC.would have phoned D.had phoned第16页/共36页三、虚拟语气在名词从句中的用法 A.用于宾语从句1.wish+宾语从句现在：过去：将来：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(had done)would/could/might/should+V.第17页/共36页2.would rather -现在：过去：未来：I would rather you paid me now.(现在现在)I would rather you had gone,too.(过去过

8、去)Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.(未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时第18页/共36页Would/had rather(not)have done sth宁愿过去（没）做了某事第19页/共36页一个坚持：insist两个命令：order,command三个建议：advise,suggest,propose四个要求：demand,require,request,desire从句谓语动词使用从句谓语动词使用“（should）+V原形原形”第20页/共36页He suggested that we(should)go home at once.

9、如果suggest表示“暗示，表明”、insist表示“坚持说/认为”时，从句用陈述语气。第21页/共36页主句的主语如果是表示说话人的愿望（wish/desire）建议（suggestion/advice/proposal）要求（requirement/demand）命令（order/command）等名词，表语从句谓语动词用“（should）+V原形”第22页/共36页Our suggestion is that you(should)be there on time.第23页/共36页虚拟语气在同位语从句中的使用如果同位语从句所修饰的名词是表示说话人的愿望，建议，要求，命令等名词时。从句

10、谓语动词用“（should）+V原形”第24页/共36页The suggestion that students(should)learn something practical is worth considering.第25页/共36页在句型“Its necessary/strange/natural/important/vital+that”从句的动词要用虚拟，即使用(should)+动词原形虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用第26页/共36页Its necessary that we should have a walk now.第27页/共36页考题点击：1.Is

11、it necessary that he _ the examination?A.took B.have to take C.must take D.takeD1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.1.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can tryA第28页/共36页在as if/though引导的从句中，若表示与现在事实相反，用一般过去时，与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。虚拟语气在as if/though从句中的使用第29页/共36页She looked after the boy as if he

12、 were her own son.第30页/共36页用于用于If only 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句（用法同（用法同wish）if only 通常独立使用，没有主通常独立使用，没有主句。句。第31页/共36页If only I were rich.If only I had listened to my parents!If only she would go with me!第32页/共36页在句型“Its amazing/strange/surprising/astonishing/a shame that”以及“Im surprised,Im sorry/I regret+that 从句”，表示说话人的惊异，懊悔，失望等情感，常含有“竟然”之意，从句中谓语动词使用“should do”的虚拟结构。第33页/共36页It is amazing that he(should)behave so rudely.第34页/共36页Thank you!Bye-bye!第35页/共36页感谢您的观看！第36页/共36页