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1、元音分类1:前元音、中元音与后元音根据元音发音过程中舌头在口腔中抬起的部位不同,我们可以把元音分为前元音、中元音与后元音。(1) Front前元音4The front vowels in English are the vowels that are articulated near the front of the oral cavity, such as:发前元音时,发音部位靠近口腔前部。例如:1./i:/ 前、高、不圆唇、长元音; 2. /i/ 前、半高、不圆唇、短元音;3./e/ 前、半高、不圆唇、短元音; 4. / 前、低、不圆唇、短元音.(2) Central中元音2The cen
2、tral vowels in English are the vowels that are articulated near the center of the vocal cavity, such as:发央元音时,发音部位靠近口腔中部。例如:1./ 中、半高、不圆唇、长元音; 2. /:/ 中、半低、不圆唇、短元音.(3) Back后元音6The back vowels in English are the vowels that are articulated near the rear of the vocal cavity, such as:发后元音时,发音部位靠近口前后部。例如:
3、1./u/ 后、高、圆唇、短元音; 2. /u:/ 后、高、圆唇、长元音;3./ 后、低、圆唇、短元音; 4./:/ 后、半低、圆唇、长元音;5./ 后、半低、不圆唇、短元音; 6./a:/ 后、低、不圆唇、长元音.单元音与双元音根据元音的构成要素,我们可以把元音分为12个单元音monophthongs与8个双元音Diphthongs。In articulating a Diphthong,the vowel-sound glides from one vowel to another, such as:发双元音时,从一个元音滑向另一个元音。例如:1. /ei/ gay; 2. / u/ lo
4、ad; 3. /ai/ kite; 4. /au/ mouth;5. /i/ boy; 6. /i/ hear; 7. /e/ fair; 8. /u/ tour.In articulating a Monophthong, the vowel-sound doesnt change in quality throughout the course of a syllable. The other vowels in English are relatively Monophthongs.发单元音时,在一个音节的发音过程中不改变音质。英语中其他元音均为单元音。例如:1. /i:/ bee; 2
5、. /i/ hit; 3. /e/ bed; 4. / bad;5. / but; 6. /a:/ hard; 7. / lot; 8. /:/ war;9. /u/ look; 10. /u:/ moon; 11. /:/ work; 12. / leader;长元音与短元音:根据元音的发音长短,我们可以把元音分为长元音与短元音。In articulating a short vowel, the vowel-sound is sustained a short duration, such as:发短元音时,声音持续时间较短。例如:1. /i/ pig; 2. /e/ let; 3. /
6、map; 4. / hot;5. / mud; 6. /u/ good; 7. /au/ about.In articulating a long vowel, the vowel-sound is sustained a long duration. The other vowels in English are relatively long.发长元音时,声音持续时间较长。英语中其他元音均为长元音。例如:1. /i:/ bee; 2. /:/ work; 3. /a:/ hard; 4. /:/ war; 5. /u:/ moon.辅音:辅音分类1清辅音与浊辅音:根据声带的振动情况,我们可
7、以把辅音分为清辅音与浊辅音。清辅音(unvoiced consonants)In articulating an unvoiced consonant, the vocal cords are not vibrating, such as:发清辅音时,声带不震动。例如:1. /p/ put 2. /t/ tea 3. /k/ cake 4. /W/ think5. /s/ sad 6. / shy 7. /t/ chat 8. /f/ fat9. /h/ have 10. /tr/ tree 11. /ts/ bets浊辅音(voiced consonants)In articulating a voiced consonant, the vocal cords are vibrating, such as:发浊辅音时,声带震动。例如:1. /b/ bar 2. /d/ dog 3. /g/ game 4. /T/ that5. /z/ aoo 6. /V/ vision 7. /dV/ joy 8. /v/ very9. /w/ wait 10. /m/ meal 11. /n/ net 12. /N/ bank13. /l/ late 14. /r/ rest 15. /j/ year 16. /dr/ dream17. /dz/ cards 第 3 页
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