英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案（卷一）.docx

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1、英语四级仔细阅读真题及答案（卷一） 英语四级考试已经落下帷幕，细致阅读在四级级考试中占有举足轻重的地位，此部分的正确率将干脆影响考生的成果。下面学习啦我为大家带来英语四级细致阅读真题及答案（卷一），希望对你有所帮助! 英语四级细致阅读真题1： As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a theat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer

2、 science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code. Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it's necessary to translate our morals into AI language. For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn't wan

3、t it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. "You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values," said Russell. Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable dista

4、nce from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn't think that's the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do. It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machin

5、es, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules. Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless. The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings f

6、ail to do sufficient testing and they've produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌). One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation. If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for th

7、e microwave, it has the opportune to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren't quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else. The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe a moral, and how to create a s

8、et of ethical rules .But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity. 47.【题干】What does the author say about the threat of robots?()。 【选项】 A.It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers. B.It accompanies all machinery involving high technology. C.It can be avoided if huma

9、n values are translated into their language. D.It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated. 【答案】C 48.【题干】What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author? 【选项】 A.They are aggressive. B.They are outgoing. C.They are ignorant. D.They ar

10、e ill-bred. 【答案】D 49.【题干】How do robots learn human values? 【选项】 A.By interacting with human in everyday life situations. B.By following the daily routines of civilized human beings. C.By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior. D.By imitating the behavior of properly brought –u

11、p human beings. 【答案】C 50.【题干】what will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation? 【选项】 A.Keep a distance from possible dangers. B.Stop to seek advice from a human being. C.Trigger its built-in alarm system at once. D.Do sufficient testing before taking action. 【答案】B 51.【题干】What is

12、most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code? 【选项】 A.Determine what is moral and ethical. B.Design some large-scale experiments. C.Set rules for man-machine interaction. D.Develop a more sophisticated program. 【答案】A 英语四级细致阅读真题2： Why do some people live to be older than oth

13、ers? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality on your longevity(长寿)? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question

14、 by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100. The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic(神经质的)than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative th

15、an women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times. Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider

16、advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people w

17、ho are fixed in their ways. Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible. Unfortunately, another recent study shows that y

18、our mother's personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when w

19、e're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger. Personality isn't destiny(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health. 52.【题干】The aim

20、 of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is _. 【选项】 A.to see whether people’s personality affects their Ute span B.to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their health C.to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life D.to examine all the factors

21、 contributing to longevity 【答案】A 53【题干】What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people? 【选项】 A.They have a good understanding of evolution. B.They are better at negotiating an agreement. C.They generally appear more resourceful. D.They are more likely to get over hardship. 【答案】D 54.

22、 【题干】What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation? 【选项】 A.Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life. B.Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times. C.Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity

23、. D.Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity. 【答案】C 55.【题干】What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show? 【选项】 A.Children's personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers. B.People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sonner. C.Mothers'

24、 influence on children may last longer than fathers'. D.Mothers' negative personality characteristics may affect their children's life span. 【答案】D 56.【题干】What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies? 【选项】 A.Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one's life

25、 span. B.Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health. C.Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is. D.Health is in large part related to one's lifestyle. 【答案】B 本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第12页 共12页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页第 12 页 共 12 页