城市轨道交通专业英语Part4.ppt

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1、PPT模板下载： Part 4 VehicleVehicleUnit 12ATOUnit 13ATPUnit 14标题八Unit12 Vehicle vObjectives To say key parts of a metro vehicle.To understand the structure of a metro vehicle.To know the functions of some equipment on a metro vehicle.标题八Unit12 Vehicle vClass Hour2 hours标题八Unit12 Vehicle SentenceSection A

2、 Question:Do you have the basic knowledge of a metro vehicle?Modern metro trains normally are 6 car units,and few of them are either 8 car units or 4 car units.The first metro train was powered by steam.However,modern metro trains are powered by electricity.There are three types of cars in a metro t

3、rain.They are motor cars with cabs,motor cars without cabs,and trailers.The designed top speed of a metro train is 80 km/h.标题八Unit12 Vehicle There are 3 different sizes of cars.Type A is 22 meters long,3 meters wide;type B is 19 meters long,2.8 meters wide;type C is 19 meters long and 2.6 meters wid

4、e.They have the same height.The capacity of a car depends on its size.Type A has a capacity of 280 passengers and Type B can hold 260 passengers.The weight of a metro car is about 3040 tons,which needs four powerful electrical motors to reach its regular speed.The electricity used for metro trains i

5、s direct current at 7501,500 volts.标题八Unit12 Vehicle DialogueSection Bv Question:What are the characteristics of a metro train?v(Lin and Peter are talking about the motor cars and trailers newly arrived.)v Peter:Lin,do you know we just have some new metro vehicles arrived for this line?v Lin:Really,

6、how many?v Peter:4 trains.Every train has 6 cars and trailers.v Lin:What are the differences between cars and trailers?v Peter:I have no idea,I am going to find out later.标题八Unit1 Service Awareness Lin:I hope we can get more trains with more units for this line.Peter:Why?Lin:Do you know that the ext

7、ended line will be in operation by the end of this year?Peter:Yes,that is why we have those trains here,they are ready for the upgraded line.Lin:Have you noticed that the traffic of this line is increasing recently?Peter:Yes,I have.You are right.We do need more trains with bigger size.Lin:Lets go to

8、 find out what size they are.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Passage Section C Question:Do you know how many parts does a metro vehicle consist of?Metro Vehicle Generally speaking,a car in the metro vehicle contains two partsbody and bogie.The body includes skeleton with panels,doors,coupler buffer connecting dev

9、ice,current collector(conductor rail or pantograph),electrical system(storage battery box,relay box,main control box,power transformer,air compression unit,power circuit,electrical circuits,air conditioning)and interior(seats,hand rails,heating and ventilation,lighting).标题八Unit12 Vehicle The bogie i

10、ncludes frame,axles,electrical motors,suspension springs,wheels and brake system.There are several manufacturers producing metro vehicles globally.The well known foreign brands are Simens,Bombardier,Alstone,Rotem,Toyo GTO,Mitsubishi and so on.In China,there are two groups representing six companies.

11、标题八Unit12 Vehicle cab kb n.驾驶室；出租汽车；出租马车 vi.乘出租马车（或汽车）trailer trel n.拖车；预告片；追踪者 v.用拖车载运 current krnt n.（水，气，电）流；趋势；涌流 adj.现在的；流通的；最近的 structure strkt n.结构；构造；建筑物 vt.组织；构成；建造 capacity kpsti n.能力；容量；资格；生产力 skeleton skeltn n.骨架，骨骼；纲要；骨瘦如柴的人 adj.骨骼的；骨瘦如柴的Words&Phrases标题八Unit12 Vehicle panel pnl n.仪表板；嵌板

12、；座谈小组，全体陪审员 coupler kpl n.耦合器；联结器 buffer bf n.缓冲区；缓冲器，减震器 vt.缓冲 pantograph pntrf n.放大尺；缩放仪；缩图仪 conductor kndkt n.导体；售票员；领导者 ventilation ventlen n.通风设备；空气流通 bogie bgi n.转向架；小车 suspension sspenn n.悬浮；暂停；停职 circuit skt n.电路，回路；巡回；环道Words&Phrases标题八Unit12 Vehicle interior ntr n.内部；本质 adj.内部的；国内的；本质的 han

13、drail hndrel n.扶手；（楼梯等的）栏杆 frame frem n.框架；结构；画面 adj.有木架的；有构架的 v.设计；建造Words&Phrases标题八Unit12 VehicleExtensive ReadingSection DText AText A Metro Doors There is an array of doors in use on rolling stock today.Plug doors,bi folding doors,slam doors,sliding pocket doors and exterior sliding doors immed

14、iately come to mind.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Plug doors are usually found on Light Rail Vehicles(LRVs)but can often be found on heavy rail rolling stock too.These doors are bi parting,i.e.two leaves open from the middle.When they are opened,the doors“pop”forward and then swing on a fulcrum arrangement to o

15、pen out onto the exterior of the vehicle.When the command to close is received,the reverse operation takes place and the doors“pull”inwards to line up snugly with the side of the body shell.There is a rubber edging strip around the doors which forms a seal when in the closed position.This type of do

16、or is a maintenance headache with all the moving parts and occasionally unreliable rubber edges.However,it does provide a tight seal and a flush exterior finish which looks good and is easy to clean when passing the vehicle through a car washing machine.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Bi folding doors are commone

17、st on LRVs and consist of two panels per side of the opening.Some European coaches have bi folding doors opening one way only.The doors are electrically controlled,either by the driver or by passengers(with a push button).When the command to open is received,the doors fold inwards and the panels wil

18、l end up parallel to the step well or windscreen.The problem with these doors is that if the train is full of commuters as the panels swing in they can hit a person standing in this area.They are also very difficult to seal requiring clearance on the underside for the opening motion,which allows the

19、 ingress of water either in operation or when passing through the train wash.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Sliding pocket doors are found on all types of rolling stock and,as the name implies,on opening slide into a pocket between the inside of the bodyshell and the interior lining.The lining in this area will

20、usually protrude into the interior to accommodate the door panel.The door panel can be bi parting or a single leaf.The door operator can be over the doorway or mounted on the floor behind a suitably positioned seat.The maintenance headaches occur particularly with the runner provided along the botto

21、m of the opening to guide the runner for the panels.This becomes blocked with dirt over time causing the doors to jam.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Another type of door is the exterior sliding door or outside hung door and,again,is found on a number of different types of rolling stock.It is a very popular type

22、of door because it is easier to design but most designs suffer from poor aesthetics due to the very visible runner that is on the exterior or the bodyshell for the door(s)to open and close along.Some types of these doors simply slide backwards and forwards on the runners for the opening and closing

23、motion.Usually at the command of the train driver or sometimes at the behest of the passenger.More sophisticated types work in a similar manner to the plug door,first“popping”out before sliding back on the runner,similarly on the closing cycle“pulling”back in to the car shell opening.标题八Unit12 Vehic

24、le Slam doors were the standard used for years on British Railways rolling stock but have now been“outlawed”by the UK Health and Safety Executive and all stock still in service with this type of door must be replaced by 2002.Personally,I do not think this will happen.There are too many of these old

25、vehicles left.The slam door is the traditionally functional,swinging,hinged door that opens manually by the turn of a handle.What more can be said about them?Source:http:/www.railway details.shtml标题八Unit12 VehicleText AText A How Long Do the Metro Doors Stay Open?Edited by Glenn Elert Written by his

26、 students An educational,Fair Use website Introduction Have you ever run up to a metro platform only to find the doors closing right in your face?Have you ever missed your stop because you werent quick enough to make it out of the metro?Weve been through both of these situations for a countless amou

27、nt of times.One day we just started wondering how long you actually have to get on or off the metro.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Procedures First,we selected the trains that we would investigate and the stops we would collect data for.Then,we scheduled the day we were going to collect data.Next,we began our ob

28、servation study by boarding the metro.For each stop we recorded the time of arrival(which we defined as when the doors opened),the time of departure(which we defined as when the doors closed),and the time the doors stayed open.we also recorded the elapsed time between the doors closing at one statio

29、n and opening at the next.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Analysis Once we gathered all of our data,we decided to set up a confidence interval(CI)for the amount of time the metro doors stayed open.Before we could begin we first had to find the sample mean(x)and standard deviation(s)for how long the metro doors st

30、ayed open:n=184 stops x=16.604s s=31.453 Once we compiled these statistics,we decided to use a One Sample Z interval with a 95%confidence level:标题八Unit12 Vehicle Conditions Normal conditionTo show the normal condition,we constructed both a frequency histogram and a box plot of the time distribution.

31、When first looking at the histogram you get the impression that the data is skewed.This misconception is cleared up when you look at the box plot of the time distribution,which shows that when you take outliers into account the time distribution is approximately normal.10%conditionwe assume that the

32、 population 1,840 stops SRSwe assumed that the sample we used is properly representative of the population.标题八Unit12 Vehicle v CI=z*s11v CI=16.604（1.95996）（31.453）184sv CI（16.6044.545）sv CI（12.059,21.149）sv Once we compiled these statistics,we decided to use a One Sample Z-interval with a 95%confide

33、nce level:v Let the population be all of the time intervals that the NYC metro doors stay open.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Conclusions We found that one can be 95%confident that the population mean for the amount of time the metro doors stay open is between 12.059 seconds and 21.149 seconds.When you compare M

34、TAs mandated value of 30 seconds with the confidence interval you notice that MTAs value is outside of the interval.Thus there is evidence to reject MTAs claim that the metro door stay open for an average of 30 seconds.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Sources of Error One of the major biases would be convenience s

35、ampling since we only sampled the trains we took daily and/or the trains closest to our neighborhoods.We did not factor in the possibility of train delays due to traffic or trains that are withheld because of commands from the dispatcher.Also,the train doors may be left open for an extended period o

36、f time because of a train arriving on the other side of the platform for people who may need to transfer.标题八Unit12 Vehicle v The metro doors close at different times depending on which metro car you are riding in.Generally the doors closest to the front of the metro close later than those near the r

37、ear.v Sam Teruashvili with Andrew Chan,2006vSource:http:/hyperT VehicleTextCTextC Bogie Parts&Description The bogie,or truck as it is called in the US,comes in many shapes and sizes but it is in its most developed form as the motor bogie of an electric or diesel locomotive or an EMU.Here it has to c

38、arry the motors,brakes and suspension systems all within a tight envelope.It is subjected to severe stresses and shocks and may have to run at over 300 km/h in a high speed application.The following paragraphs describe the parts shown on the photograph below,which is of a modern UK design.Click on t

39、he name in the picture to read the description.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Bogie Frame Can be of steel plate or cast steel.In this case,it is a modern design of welded steel box format where the structure is formed into hollow sections of the required shape.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Bogie Transom Transverse structura

40、l member of bogie frame(usually two off)which also supports the carbody guidance parts and the traction motors.Brake Cylinder An air brake cylinder is provided for each wheel.A cylinder can operate tread or disc brakes.Some designs incorporate parking brakes as well.Some bogies have two brake cylind

41、ers per wheel for heavy duty braking requirements.Each wheel is provided with a brake disc on each side and a brake pad actuated by the brake cylinder.A pair of pads is hung from the bogie frame and activated by links attached to the piston in the brake cylinder.When air is admitted into the brake c

42、ylinder,the internal piston moves these links and causes the brake pads to press against the discs.A brake hanger support bracket carries the brake hangers,from which the pads are hung.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Primary Suspension Coil A steel coil spring,two of which are fitted to each axlebox in this desig

43、n.They carry the weight of the bogie frame and anything attached to it.Motor Suspension Tube Many motors are suspended between the transverse member of the bogie frame called the transom and the axle.This motor is called“nose suspended”because it is hung between the suspension tube and a single moun

44、ting on the bogie transom called the nose.Gearbox This contains the pinion and gearwheel which connects the drive from the armature to the axle.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Motor Normally,each axle has its own motor.It drives the axle through the gearbox.Some designs,particularly on tramcars,use a motor to dri

45、ve two axles.Neutral Section Switch Detector In the UK,the overhead line is divided into sections with short neutral sections separating them.It is necessary to switch off the current on the train while the neutral section is crossed.A magnetic device mounted on the track marks the start and finish

46、of the neutral section.The device is detected by a box mounted on the leading bogie of the train to inform the equipment when to switch off and on.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Secondary Suspension Air Bag Rubber air suspension bags are provided as the secondary suspension system for most modern trains.The air

47、is supplied from the trains compressed air system.Wheel Slide Protection System Lead to Axlebox Where a Wheel Slide Protection(WSP)system is fitted,axleboxes are fitted with speed sensors.These are connected by means of a cable attached to the WSP box cover on the axle end.Loose Leads for Connection

48、 to Carbody The motor circuits are connected to the traction equipment in the car or locomotive by flexible leads shown here.标题八Unit12 Vehicle Shock Absorber To reduce the effects of vibration occurring as a result of the wheel/rail interface.Axlebox Cover Simple protection for the return current br

49、ush,if fitted,and the axle bearing lubrication.Source:http:/www.railway ATO vClass Hour2 hours标题八Unit13 ATO vObjectives Be able to know what is metro ATO.Be able to know the principle of ATO system.Be able to tell the functions of ATO system.标题八Unit13 ATO SentenceSection A Question:What is ATO?What

50、are the advantages of an ATO system?ATO(Automatic Train Operation)is a metro control system fully developed and implemented in 1960s.London Metro was the first metro adapting ATO.ATO utilizes ground information to control trains status,move or stop.The implement of an ATO system can make a timetable