【精品】2017-2018学年高中英语北师大版必修5课件：Unit 15　Learning 15.1精品ppt课件.ppt

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1、2017-2018学年高中英语北师大版必修5课件：Unit 15Learning 15.1单词注释难句剖析导读诱思动物是人类的良师益友。人类从动物身上受到启发发明了很多东西,如从蝙蝠的耳朵上发明了雷达,从青蛙的眼睛上发明了电子蛙眼,从鲸的外形上发明了轮船;同时,动物对我们的生活也很有启发,如从蚂蚁的群居生活懂得了协同分工的团队精神,从蚂蚁的失败意识到决不放弃LifeLessonsfromTinyAnts单词注释难句剖析导读诱思WhenIwas7yearsold,withmymumshelp,Ibuiltanantfarm.First,weputcleansandinaglassbox,andt

2、henwewaitedfortheliveantstoarrive.Shortly,afteranumberofantsweredroppedintotheglassstructure,theygotdowntomakingtunnels.Iwasamazedthateachoneknewexactlywhattodo.Afterhoursofstaring,Irealisedthattheantshadassigned1jobs.Ialsokeptadiaryofwhathappenedeachdayandnamedtheants.单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Onedayatragedystru

3、cktheantfarm.Thepagesofthediary,stillwrinkled2whereteardropsfell,indicatethedepthofthetragedy.IhadputmyfacesoclosetotheglassstructurethatIaccidentallytippeditover3,andallthetunnelscollapsed4.Althoughtheantssurvivedtheearthquake,onebyonetheybegantodie.IwasterrifiedasIwatchedthemgiveuptheirtunnel-buil

4、dingtocarrythedeadbodiestoacornerofthefarm.Mymothersaidthattheantsweredyingof“frustration5”.Theysimplycouldnotstandtherealitythattheirtunnelshadbeendestroyed.单词注释难句剖析导读诱思1.assigned/saInd/adj.已分配的2.wrinkled/rI kld/adj.有褶皱的3.tipover使翻倒4.collapse/klps/v.坍塌5.frustration/frstreIn/n.挫折6.adversity/dvstI/n.

5、不幸;灾难单词注释难句剖析导读诱思1.Thepagesofthediary,stillwrinkledwhereteardropsfell,indicatethedepthofthetragedy.译文:日记的那几页,被眼泪打湿的地方,至今仍皱巴巴的,可见那场悲剧有多惨重。剖析:“stillwrinkledwhere.fell”为定语,相当于“whichwerestillwrinkledwhere.fell”,其中“whereteardropsfell”作状语;主句为“Thepagesofthediaryindicatethedepthofthetragedy.”。单词注释难句剖析导读诱思2.

6、Unliketheants,wehavetorealisethatifatunnelcollapses,wejusthavetobuildanother.译文:与蚂蚁不同的是,我们必须认识到,如果隧道坍塌,我们必须构建另一个。剖析:主句为“wehavetorealise”,其后跟that引导的宾语从句,且该从句中又包含一个if条件句,可调整为“.wehavetorealisethatwejusthavetobuildanotherifatunnelcollapses”。单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Whatdidtheauthorrealisefromtheantsandtheirlife?答案:T

7、heauthorfirstrealisedthatteamworkandperseveranceweretwokeyfactorstosuccess.Healsorealisedthatoneshouldnotgiveupwhenfacingadversity.一二三四五六一、At the era of knowledge-driven economy,we can get knowledge and information from schools.How to keep pace with time change?Please talk about your favourite ways

8、to gain knowledge and information.答案:略一二三四五六二、从课文中找出与下列英文释义相对应的单词1.askill,personalquality,ortypeofexperiencethatmakessomeonesuitableforaparticularjoborposition2.ofasituationthatyoucandependonbecauseitisnotlikelytochange3.tothinkthatsomethingisprobablytrue,especiallysomethingbad,butwithouthavingdefin

9、iteproof4.asituationataparticulartime,especiallyinanargument,discussion,etc.5.highestinrank6.awell-knownshortstatementexpressinganideathatmostpeoplebelieveistrueandwisequalificationsecuresuspectstatuschiefsaying一二三四五六7.themoneychargedforsendingaletter,package,etc.bypost8.someoneorsomethingthatusesap

10、roduct,service,etc.9.toofficiallytellsomeonewhattodo10.toputsomeonewhohasdiedinagravepostageuserinstructbury一二三四五六三、从课文中找出下列短语并翻译1.beaboutto2.layoff3.goblank4.swellwith5.setup6.goup7.asidefrom8.switchoff将;将要解雇变得一片空白充满创建,建立上升除了关闭一二三四五六四、快速阅读课文The Importance of Life-long Learning,完成下列各题1.Whichofthefol

11、lowingisNOTtrueaboutSunWenaccordingtothepassage?A.ShewenttoQinghuaUniversityrightaftergraduationfromhighschool.B.Sheisstillworkingnow.C.Shetookhercoursesintheeveningsandonweekends.D.ShehasntgotaBachelorsDegreeinComputerEngineeringbydistancelearningyet.答案:A一二三四五六2.WhywasMsTanglaidoff?A.Becauseshewast

12、ooold.B.Becauseshehadntworkedhardenough.C.Becauseshehaddonesomethingwrong.D.Forsomereasonwedontknow.3.WhatwouldMsTangmostlyprobablydonext?A.Tofurtherherstudy.B.Togobacktothecompanysheusedtoworkfor.C.Tosetupherownbusiness.D.Toworkasafull-timehousewife.答案:D答案:C一二三四五六4.WhatmadeGrandpaChenlearnabouttheI

13、nternet?A.Thefeesforsendingairmailsweretoohigh.B.SurfingtheInternetwasexcitingandinteresting.C.HisgrandsonofferedtoinstructhimonhowtoemailandusetheInternet.D.Hedidntwanttoswitchoffhisbrain.5.ThethreestoriesinthepassagetellusA.“AllroadsleadtoRome.”B.“Itsnevertoolatetolearn.”C.“Failureisthemotherofsuc

14、cess.”D.“Everyonehashismerits.”答案:A答案:B一二三四五六五、从The Importance of Life-long Learning一文中找出下列句子并翻译,注意观察句中主从句的谓语动词的形式1.Inthepast,ifsomeonelikemehadfailedtogetintouniversitythroughthecollegeexam,hewouldhavehadnochanceofgettingadegree.2.Inthepast,ifsomeonehadworkedforacompanyforover20years,theywouldhaves

15、tayedthereuntilretirement!答案:在过去,如果某人像我一样没能通过大学入学考试进入大学,他就没有机会获得学位。答案:在过去,如果某人为一家公司工作了20多年,他们就会一直在那儿工作到退休!一二三四五六3.Inthepast,ifIdwantedtoseethem,Iwouldhavehadtovisittheminperson.答案:在过去,如果我想见他们,我就得亲自去看他们。一二三四五六六、阅读课文The Importance of Life-long Learning,然后在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。每空只填写一个单词。studying/learningdegr

16、eedistancepromotion一二三四五六laiddreaminghelpfulInstructedemailfun1234651.Because of my new qualification,Im getting promoted at work.由于我的新学历,我在工作中将得到晋升。考点qualificationn.学历,合格证Hesgotalltherightqualificationsbutistemperamentallyunsuitable.他具有所需要的一切合格证件,唯独性格不适合。Nospecialqualificationsareneededforthejob.这项

17、工作不需要专门的资格证明。1234651)qualificationn.资格,资历Whatsortofqualificationsdoyouneedforthejob?这项工作你需要什么资格?Oneofthequalificationsyouneedtoworkhereisasenseofresponsibility.你在这儿上班必备的条件之一是责任感。Therehavebeenquestionsabouthisqualificationstoleadthecompany.他领导整个公司的资格遭到了质疑。归纳:qualification可与forsth.搭配,表示“做某事所需要的资格”;与in

18、sth.搭配,表示“在某方面的资质、资格”;与todosth.连用,表示“有资格做某事”。1234652)qualifyv.证明合格,(使)具有资格qualifiedadj.合格的ToqualifyforOlympicstatus,asportmustbeplayedinatleast50countriesandonthreecontinents.一个体育项目要在奥运会上赢得一席之地,必须至少在50个国家和三个大洲开展。Theguidesarequalifiedtoleadgroupsintothemountains.那些导游有资格率团进入大山。123465活学活用完成句子1)Shehasto

19、beagoodteacher.她具备好老师的一切必要资格。2)Jackhasobtained.杰克取得了行医资格证书。alltherightqualificationsamedicalqualification1234652.Three months ago,when my manager told me that I would be laid off,my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.三个月前,当我的经理告诉我,我将要下岗了,我的脑子木了,心中充满愤怒。剖析when引导时间状语从句,其中that引导宾语从句,作“told”

20、的直接宾语;主句为and连接的并列句,前一个分句的谓语动词“went”用作系动词。考点一layoff裁员;解雇Toomanycompanieslaidoffalotoftheirworkers.许多公司解雇了很多员工。123465阅读下列句子,体会黑体词组的意义Whydontyoulayoffsmokingforawhileuntilyourcoughgetsbetter?在你的咳嗽好一些之前,你能不能先不要吸烟?意义:停止(做某事)123465考点二blankadj.空白的Hismindwentcompletelyblankandforgotwhathewassupposedtobedoin

21、g.他的脑子一片空白,连本来要做什么都想不起来了。StevelookedblankandsaidhehadnoideawhatIwastalkingabout.史蒂夫看上去一脸茫然,说不知道我在说什么。Writeononesideofthepageandleavetheothersideblank.在这页的一边写字,另一边空着。Sheturnedtoablankpageinhernotebook.她把笔记本翻到一页空白处。123465考点三swellwith充满(某种强烈的情感)Thesecondattackwassoseriousthathisairwayswelled,preventing

22、himfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsuddenly,andhisheartstoppedforamoment.第二次突发非常严重以至于他的肺通道肿胀起来,使他不能呼吸,血压突然降低,且心脏突然停止跳动。Dontswellwithpridewhenyoumakesomeachievements.不要有了一些成就就沾沾自喜。Hisheartswelledwithasenseofprideasheknewhisdaughtergotthefirstprize.当他知道女儿得了一等奖时,他心里充满了自豪感。123465swell用作动词,表示“肿胀,膨胀”

23、。Tomhadafallandhisleftlegbegantoswellup.汤姆跌了一跤,他的左腿开始肿起来。Woodoftenswellswhenwet.木材潮湿后往往会膨胀。Thegroupofonlookerssoonswelledinto/toacrowd.旁观的人很快聚集起一大群。123465活学活用完成句子1)Theydidnotsellasinglecarforamonthandhadto.一个月没卖一辆车,所以他们只好解雇一些工人。2)WhenIwasaskedthequestion,mymind,andIcouldhardlyremembermyowndateofbirt

24、h.当问到我这个问题时,我脑子一片空白,几乎记不起我自己的出生日期了。3)Hetoldhissoneventhoughhehadwonthefirstplace.他告诉儿子即使他获得第一名也不要傲气凌人。layoffsomeworkerswentblanknottoswellwithpride1234653.I suspect that they laid me off because the company was not doing that well but it still brought a lump to my throat and made me want to cry.我怀疑他

25、们裁掉我是因为公司经营不那么好了,但这仍然使我如鲠在喉,有种想哭的感觉。剖析这是由but连接的并列复合句。在前一分句中,“suspect”后接that引导的宾语从句,because引导原因状语从句;第二个that用作程度副词,相当于so或very。Shestooyoungtowalkthatfar.她太小了,走不了那么远。123465考点suspectv.怀疑【高考典句】(2015四川高考)Manyscientistssuspectworkersfirstwouldhaveputtheblocksonsleds(滑板).很多科学家怀疑工人们起初是想把石块放在滑板上。Whatshesaidsou

26、ndedconvincing,butIsuspectedittobealie.她的话听起来很可信,但我怀疑那是谎话。Thepolicesuspectedthathehadsomeconnectionwiththerobbery.警方怀疑他与那起抢劫案有关。归纳:suspect后可接宾语的复合结构,其宾语后用动词不定式作宾语补足语;后面还常接that引导的从句作宾语。1234651)常用结构:suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人做了某事Somepeoplesuspectedhimoftheft.有些人怀疑他偷窃。Thepolicesuspectedhimofhavingapar

27、tinthejewelrobbery.警察怀疑他参与了珠宝盗窃案。2)suspect用作名词,意为“可疑分子;嫌疑犯”。ThepolicehavearrestedasuspectwithavideoonYouTube.借助YouTube上的一段视频,警方逮捕了一名可疑分子。Thepoliceopenedfirewhenthesuspectrefusedtodrophisweapon.在该嫌疑犯拒绝放下武器的情况下,警方开枪射击。1234653)辨析:suspect和doubtThedoctorsuspectedthathewasillwithflu.医生怀疑他得了流感。Ineverdoubte

28、dthathewouldcome.我从未怀疑过他会来。归纳:suspect的含义是“怀疑是或做了某事”,跟从句时表示怀疑存在从句所述情况;doubt的含义是“怀疑不是或没做某事”,跟从句时表示不相信从句所述情况。123465活学活用语法填空1)Afterhavinggonefar,Georgedidnotwanttoturnback.2)Sometimesthepolicearenotabsolutelysurethatsomeonehascommittedacrime,butsuspecthimhavingdoneit.完成句子3)Thepolicehavingtakenthemoney.警

29、察怀疑钱是他偷的。4)thetruthoftheinformation?你为什么怀疑这消息的真实性?that/soofsuspectedhimofWhydoyoususpect1234654.I got my grandson to instruct me on how to email and use the Internet and I really enjoy the speed at which my messages get sent and answered.我让我外孙教我如何发电子邮件和使用互联网,我确实喜欢那种发送信息和收到答复的速度。剖析不定式短语“toinstruct.In

30、ternet”作“got”的宾语补足语,“howtoemail.Internet”作介词on的宾语;atwhich引导定语从句,修饰先行词“speed”,定语从句的谓语为“get+过去分词”形式的被动语态。句中第一个get(got)用作使役动词,后接不定式作宾语补足语;第二个get用于构成被动语态。Youshouldgetyourfriendstohelpyou.你应该请朋友帮助你。Ishallsoongetthemachineworking.我很快就会让机器运转起来。123465Icantfindanybodytogettheworkdone.我找不到人来干这项工作。考点instructv.

31、教导,指导Greatereffortisneededtoinstructchildreninroadsafety.教导孩子道路安全的知识需要付出更多的努力。Hasanyoneinstructedyouhowtousethecomputer?有人教过你如何使用电脑吗?归纳:instruct后接表示人的名词或代词作宾语,instructsb.后常接介词in,也可直接接“howtodosth.”,表示“教某人如何做某事”。1234651)辨析:instruct和teach试译:他教我们化学。(误)Heinstructsuschemistry.(正)Heteachesuschemistry.(正)He

32、instructsusinchemistry.归纳:instruct和teach都能用于表示“教某人某科目”,instruct用“instructsb.in+科目”结构,teach用“teachsb.+科目”结构。2)instruct还可表示“指示,吩咐,命令”。Youwillbeinstructedwhattodowhentheplaneisready.飞机准备就绪后,将会有人告诉你做什么。Theyhaventinstructeduswheretogo.他们还未指示我们到何处去。1234653)派生词:instructionn.教授;指示,命令;用法说明Thisgroupoftrainees

33、isstillunderinstruction.这群受训者还在接受指导。MrsEdwardgaveinstructionsthatshewasnottobedisturbed.爱德华太太指示说不要打扰她。Arethereanyinstructionsonhowtooperatethemachine?有如何操作这台机器的说明吗?123465活学活用语法填空1)Mycarhasbrokendown.Wouldyouhelpmetogetit(start)?2)Alexandertriedtogethiswork(recognise)inthemedicalcircles.3)Acomputerca

34、nonlydowhatyouhave(instruct)ittodo.句子翻译4)使用前务必阅读说明。5)他命令在城四周构筑一道围墙。startedrecognisedinstructed答案:Alwaysreadtheinstructionsbeforeyoustart.答案:Heinstructedthatawallshouldbebuiltaroundthecity.1234655.So many people think that after you retire,all you can do is switch off your brain and bury everything y

35、ouve ever learnt.很多人认为退休后你能做的就是封闭大脑、忘却所有所学的东西。剖析“think”后接that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句中,after引导时间状语从句,“youcando”是省略关系代词that的定语从句,修饰先行词all;省略to的不定式短语“switchoffyourbrain”和“buryeverything.”作并列表语,其中“youveeverlearnt”是省略关系代词的定语从句,修饰“everything”。123465考点一(复习)switchoff关闭,关掉Besuretoswitchoffallthelightsandfanswhenyouleav

36、etheclassroom.离开教室时务必把所有灯和电扇都关掉。TeenagerswhoswitchofftheTVandsitdowntofamilymealsarelesslikelytosufferfromeatingdisorders.关上电视并坐下来和家人共餐的青少年比较不容易饮食失调。123465考点二buryvt.埋葬MumbetstombstonestillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Mumbet的墓碑仍然矗立在她被埋葬的马萨诸塞州墓地。ManygreatEnglishmenareburiedinWestm

37、insterAbbey.许多伟大的英国人被安葬在威斯敏斯特教堂。Fossilsareearlyplantsoranimalsonceburiedinearth,nowhardenedlikerock.化石是过去埋在地下,现在已像岩石一样硬化了的植物或动物。归纳:bury是及物动词,其宾语常为已故的人或其他被埋葬的人或物,表达“某人埋在某地”时要用被动语态,这与汉语的表达习惯有所不同。123465阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的搭配及意义HewasburiedinreadingabookwhenIcamein.我进来时他正专心看书。搭配:beburiedin意义:专心于(做某事)Somepeopleb

38、urythemselvesintheirworkwhentheyareupset.一些人在难受的时候会埋头于工作。搭配:buryoneselfin意义:专心致志于(某事)123465活学活用用适当的介词填空1)Sheworkedasalibrarianbeforeswitchingjournalism.2)Pleaseswitchalltheequipmentbeforeyouleave.3)WhenatapeisputintheVCR,itswitchesautomatically.句子翻译4)每天晚上他都埋头读书。5)他的祖父和祖母葬在一起。6)当我进入她房间时,她正陷入沉思。tooffo

39、n答案:Intheeveningsheburieshimselfinhisbooks.答案:Hisgrandfatherwasburiedwithhisgrandmother.答案:WhenIcameintoherroom,shewasburiedinthought.1234656.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句虚拟语气是英语动词的一种特殊形式,表示说话人主观上所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令、空想、猜测和可能性等。由于虚拟语气表达的是一种与事实相反的情况,其谓语动词的形式不同于陈述语气。虚拟条件句(即非真实条件句)表示不大可能或不可能发生或实现的假设,句中的条件从句与结果

40、主句皆需用虚拟语气。123465考点与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句IfIhad followed youradvice,Iwould have passed theexam.如果当时听从了你的建议,我就已经通过考试了。Ifithad not been foryourhelp,Iwouldnt have finished theworkontime.要不是有了你的帮助,我不会按时完成工作。Weshould have had moretimetostudyitifinformationhad been collected oneweekearlier.假如早一个星期收集资料,我们就有更多的时间研究了。

41、Ifourcountryhadntmadeadequatepreparations,theBeijingOlympicswouldnt have been sosuccessful.如果我们国家没进行充分的准备,北京奥运会是不会这么成功的。123465归纳:用虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反的情况时,条件从句的谓语用“had+过去分词”,主句的谓语用“would/should/could/might+have+过去分词”。1234651)表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气Ifhehad time,hewould certainlycome tohelpyou.如果有时间,他一定会来帮你。Ifitweren

42、tforyourhelp,wewould be stillintrouble.要不是有你们的帮助,我们现在还处于困境之中。IfIwere you,Iwould not give up theopportunity.如果我是你,我不会放弃这个机会的。Whatwould youdoifyouwere amillionaire?如果你是百万富翁,你会做什么?归纳:用虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were),主句的谓语用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。1234652)表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气Ifitrained/were

43、to rain/should rain tomorrow,Iwouldnt go shoppingwithyou.如果明天下雨,我就不和你去购物了。Ifyourparentsknew yourrudebehaviour,theywould be angry.要是你父母知道了你的粗鲁行为,他们会生气的。Iwouldnt give up ifIshould fail oncemore.如果我再次失败了,我也不会放弃的。归纳:用虚拟语气表示与将来的事实相反时,条件从句的谓语用动词过去式(be的过去式用were),wereto或“should+动词原形”,主句谓语用“would/should/coul

44、d/might+动词原形”。1234653)were,had或should等置于句首的虚拟条件句在书面语中,条件从句可以不用连词if,而将谓语中的were,had或should等移至主语之前。Were wetoleavetoday,wewould get theretomorrow.如果我们今天动身,明天就能赶到那儿。Should hebehere,hewould be abletoexaminethemachine.如果他在这儿,他就能检验这台机器了。123465活学活用语法填空1)(2015福建高考改编)Sorry,Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.Oh,it

45、stoobad.You(make)fullpreparations.2)(2015天津高考改编)IwishI(be)atmysistersweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.3)We(be)backinthehotelnowifyoudidntlosethemap.4)I(go)tomycousinsbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnotavailable.shouldhavemadehadbeenwouldbewouldhavegone1234655)We(face)thedifficult

46、ytogether,butwhydidntyoutellme?6)Ifhe(follow)myadvice,hewouldnthavelosthisjob.7)Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe(tell)meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.couldhavefacedhadfollowedhadtold123465完成句子8)Ifhe,hemightbeabletohelp.如果他在这里,他也许能帮忙。9)Howniceitifyoucouldstayabitlonger!你要是能多待一会儿多好!10)Ifit/tomorrow,theywouldnotgoout.如果明天下雪,他们就不出去了。wereherewouldbeweretosnowshouldsnow