最新定语从句完整版PPT课件.ppt

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1、定语从句完整版定语从句完整版Have a tryHave a try指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man 1.The man whowho came to our school is Mr.Wang.came to our school is Mr.Wang.()()2.The girl 2.The girl(whom)(whom)I met is Lucy.()I met is Lucy.()3.A child 3.A child whosewhose

2、 parents are dead is called Tom.parents are dead is called Tom.()()4.I like the book 4.I like the book(which)(which)you bought yesterday.you bought yesterday.()()主语主语 宾语宾语定语定语宾语宾语 Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？2）that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和“介词+

3、which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。Heisunlikelytofindtheplace(that/where/inwhich)helivedfortyyearsago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词 1.ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.2.ThisisthemountainvillagewhichIvisitedlastyear.3.I

4、willneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.4.4.IllneverforgetthedayswhichIspentinthecountryside.判断方法判断方法n n方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。n n准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。n n1.1.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限

5、制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，逗号分开，例如：例如：Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这这幢房子很

6、漂亮，是我们上个月买的。幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）（非限制性）II.限制性和非限制性定语从句限制性和非限制性定语从句2.2.当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：例如：CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastCharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlast year.year.查理查理 史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师

7、。Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelyMyhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。3.3.非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对对其进行修饰其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，数，例如：例如：HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichHeseemsnottohavegraspedwha

8、tImeant,which greatlyupsetsme.greatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevapo-Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevapo-ration.ration.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。说明：说明：关系代词关系代词thatthat和关系副词和关系副词whywhy不能引导非限不能引导非限制性定语从句。制性定语从句。考点一：that和which以下情况，引导词

9、用以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用thatthat，不用，不用，不用，不用whichwhich。1.1.先行词为不定代词先行词为不定代词先行词为不定代词先行词为不定代词everythingeverything，littlelittle，muchmuch，allall，anythinganything，nothingnothing。e.g.e.g.Finally,the thief handed everything Finally,the thief handed everything thatthat he had he had stolen.stolen.2.2.先行

10、词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用thatthat。e.g.e.g.This is the best book(that)Ive ever readThis is the best book(that)Ive ever read.考点一：that和which3.3.先行词被先行词被先行词被先行词被the onlythe only，the verythe very，the last the last 修饰时，修饰时，修饰时，修饰时，用用用用thatthat。e.g.e.g.H

11、e is the only person that I want to see nowHe is the only person that I want to see now.4.4.4.4.先行词同时指人和指物时，用先行词同时指人和指物时，用先行词同时指人和指物时，用先行词同时指人和指物时，用thatthatthatthat。e.g.e.g.We talked about the things and persons that we We talked about the things and persons that we saw then.saw then.5.5.5.5.定语从句内容为

12、解释名词的性质、概念时，定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用需用需用需用thatthatthatthat。e.g.e.g.A plane is a machine that can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.考点二：连接词which的用法WhichWhich引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整也可是整也可是整也可是整个主句或主句的某

13、一部分。个主句或主句的某一部分。个主句或主句的某一部分。个主句或主句的某一部分。e.g.e.g.1.She heard a terrible noise,_ 1.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth brought her heart into her mouth A.it B.which C.this D.that A.it B.which C.this D.that 2.The weather turned out to be good,2.The weather turned out to be goo

14、d,_ was more than we could expect._ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it A.what B.which C.that D.it B B B考点三：介词+关系代词*“of+which/whom”*“of+which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、可用来限定名词、代词、可用来限定名词、代词、可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。分数词、数词等。分数词、数词等。分数词、数词等。e.g.e.g.1.In the dark street,there wasnt a single 1.In t

15、he dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.person _ she could turn for help.A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 2.He paid the boy$10 for washing the 2.He paid the boy$10 for washing the windows,most of _ hadnt been windows,most of _ hadnt b

16、een cleaned for at least a year.cleaned for at least a year.A.these B.those C.that D.which A.these B.those C.that D.which DDD关系代词前介词的确定1.1.1.1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.e.g.Is that the newspaper for which you often write Is that the newsp

17、aper for which you often write articles?articles?2.2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.e.g.Can you explain to me how to use these idioms Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.about which Im sure.3.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：根据先行词与介词的

18、搭配习惯，请体会：根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.e.g.1949 was the year in which the P.R.C.was 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C.was foundedfounded.关系代词前介词的确定4.4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用的一部分时，可用“数词数词/代词代词+of +of+关系代词关系代词”的结构，如：的结构，如：e.g.There are 50 students in our class,two-thirds

19、 of There are 50 students in our class,two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.whom have been to Beijing.关系代词前的介词的确定5.Whose5.Whose从句可转换为从句可转换为从句可转换为从句可转换为“of+“of+关系代词关系代词关系代词关系代词”型，如：型，如：型，如：型，如：e.g.They live in a house,whose door opens to e.g.They live in a house,whose door opens to the south.the s

20、outh.They lived in a house,of which the door They lived in a house,of which the door opens to the south.opens to the south.They lived in a house,the door of which They lived in a house,the door of which open to the south.open to the south.Can you work them out?Fill in the blanks with proper preposit

21、ions:Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions:1.The sun gives us heat and light,_ 1.The sun gives us heat and light,_ which we cant live.which we cant live.2.The student _ whom we were talking 2.The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.just now is the best stud

22、ent in our class.3.Ill never forget the day _ which she said 3.Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.good-bye to me.4.Who can give me the reason _ which he 4.Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?hasnt turned up yet?foraboutonwithout考点四:关系副词的运用在限定性和非限定性从句中，在限定性

23、和非限定性从句中，在限定性和非限定性从句中，在限定性和非限定性从句中，whenwhen的先行词是时间的先行词是时间的先行词是时间的先行词是时间名词，名词，名词，名词，wherewhere的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语的先行词是地点名词，分别在定语从句中做状语。从句中做状语。从句中做状语。从句中做状语。e.g.1.After living in Paris for 50 years he e.g.1.After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he

24、 grew returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.up as a child.A.which B.where C.that D.when A.which B.where C.that D.when 2.It was an exciting moment for these 2.It was an exciting moment for these people this year,_ for the first time people this year,_ for the first time their team won th

25、e World Cup.their team won the World Cup.A.that B.while C.which D.when A.that B.while C.which D.when B B D D考点五：as与which引导的定语从句 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用互换，但下列情况多用互换，但下列情况多用互换，但下列情况多用asas。1.1.关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时

26、。关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。e.g.e.g.AsAs we all know,the earth is round.we all know,the earth is round.2.2.当与当与当与当与suchsuchsuchsuch或或或或the samethe samethe samethe same连用时，一般用连用时，一般用连用时，一般用连用时，一般用asasasas。e.g.e.g.Such books Such books asas you tell me are interesting.you tell me are interesting.I have the same

27、plan as you.I have the same plan as you.Go on Please!3.当从句和主句语义一致时，用当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反，反之则用之则用which。e.g.She has married again,as was expected.She has married again,which was unexpected.Go on please!4.as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用一般要用which作主语。作主语。e.g.She has been late again,She has been late again,as was expected.was expected.Tom has made great progress,Tom has made great progress,which made us made us happy.happy.