宾语从句和表语从句---课件复习课程.ppt

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1、宾语从句和表语从句-课件 2.宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。引导宾语从句词有引导宾语从句词有连词：连词：that，if，whether（不担当句子成分（不担当句子成分)，(that有时可省，没有词义）；有时可省，没有词义）；连接代词：连接代词：who，whom,whose，what，which（有（有词义，在句中充当一定成分，可作主语、宾语、表语和定词义，在句中充当一定成分，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语）；语）；连接副词连接副词:when,where，ho

2、w，why（有词义，作状（有词义，作状语）语）。Theyknowtheteacher.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语Theyknowtheteacherisaman.主语主语谓语谓语宾语从句宾语从句句子做宾语就是宾语从句。句子做宾语就是宾语从句。宾语从句宾语从句TheObjectClause(1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：e.g.Hedoesntknowhowheshouldfinishhistask.(2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：e.g.HetoldmewhatIshoulddoinmywork(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要

3、使用形式宾如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语语it而将从句放到补足语后面；而将从句放到补足语后面；e.g.Ithoughtitnotnecessarythathecamebackearlier.(4)否定的转移否定的转移:若主句谓语动词为若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：例如：Idontthinkyouareright.（5）.宾语

4、从句的时态：当主句为宾语从句的时态：当主句为一般现在时一般现在时，从句，从句可以灵活使用各种时态可以灵活使用各种时态;当主句为当主句为一般过去时一般过去时，从句只，从句只能使用相应的过去时态；但如果从句能使用相应的过去时态；但如果从句表达客观真理表达客观真理时，时，从句时态仍然用一般现在时。从句时态仍然用一般现在时。I think that it will rain tomorrow.She told us that she had borrowed the book from the library.The father told his son that the moon moves ar

5、ound the earth.（6）在demand,order,suggest,insist,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”，如：She request that I should finish my work at 9:00.(7)宾语从句的语序。宾语从句的语序为陈述语序。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital?（8）在名词性从句中whether 和if 含义均为“是否”，但用法有区别，主要区别如下：a引导宾语从句时whether与if可以互换:She

6、 asked me whether/if the teacher would leave.b引导表语从句、同位语从句时只能用whether引导；The question was whether Tom has gone to Shanghai.c位于句首引导主语从句只能用whether；Whether they will come is unknown.d作介词的宾语或同不定式连用时只能用whether；It all depends on whether they will help us.e和or(not)连在一起时只能用whether引导；The meal will be ready fo

7、r her whether she comes or not.f.用if会引起理解混淆时，只能用whether，如:Please let me know if you like it.g.在否定形式的宾语从句中只能用if引导，如：I dont care if he dont come.(9)宾语从句中的连接词宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下在以下三种情况下不能省略：不能省略：a.当当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个时，第二个that不能省；不能省；b.当当that作介词宾语时，作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。不可省掉。C.用用it做形式宾

8、语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus_Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime4.Doesany

9、bodyknow_wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.whenexercise6.Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island?A.what B.how C.if D.whether 7.Lily said _ she had finished her composition.A.if B.that C.when D.where 8.I dont know _ he

10、 still lives here.A.where B.what C.when D.whether9.Could you show me _?A.how can I get to the station B.where is the station C.how I could get to the station D.how I can reach the station10.He suggested that we _ to the park later.A.will go B.went C.go D.has gone 11.He doesnt know _ to go to Beijing

11、 or not.A.that B.if C.whether D.if/whether12.Did she say anything about _we could pass the exam?A.that B.if C.whether D.if/whether3.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。作用：对主语进行解释说明。连接词：连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引导不引导表语从句，表语从句，that不可省不可省)连接代词：连接代词：who/whom/whos

12、e/which/what(充当充当“主语主语,宾语宾语,定语定语,表语，有自己的词义表语，有自己的词义.)连接副词：连接副词：when/where/why/how/because(有有词义，词义，充当时间充当时间,地点地点,方式方式,原因状语原因状语.)She was late.The fact is that she was late for the meeting._表语表语从句表语从句(1).其他连词其他连词asif,because,as,asthough引引导的表语从句导的表语从句a.because引导表语从句通常只用于引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause

13、”结构中。结构中。Hewassenttohospital.Thatisbecausehewasill.b.asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动引导的表语从句常置于连系动词词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.1.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere2.Theproblemis_

14、hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that3.Hemadeapromise_hewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which4.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtis_Lucywillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.whyexercise单句改错单句改错1.Wewonderhowweshalldonext.2.Couldyoutellmewherearetheyhavingapicnic?3.IamsorrythatIdontknowyouwanttotakepartinthecompetition.4.Mrliseemsthatheisveryexpertatrepairingatcomputers.what_they are_didnt_as ifHomework:课时训练区：课时训练区：P76单选单选此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢