新视界大学英语综合教程2_unit6.pptx

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1、Warming up Work in pairs.Read the quotations and discuss the questions.第1页/共132页Warming up第2页/共132页Warming up1 Which quotations mean more or less the same thing?2 Which one is optimistic?The first and second quotations are close in meaning,with No 3 not far off.The fifth and sixth quotations conside

2、r the body and mind apart and give a higher moral value to the latter.The Oprah Winfrey quote is about increasing our well-being.The Gandhi quote refers to some pretty unpleasant circumstance,but does express faith in the human spirit.第3页/共132页Warming up3 Which quotation do you agree with,and why?4

3、Which one do you like best,and why?The fourth quotation impresses me as true.There is so much we do not understand about the mind.Thats not only true scientifically.There are depths that are not available to our consciousness.I like the ones using metaphors.Freuds metaphor is clever and Oprah Winfre

4、ys makes the meaning easy to understand and personal.第4页/共132页Warming upWork in pairs and complete the lyrics of the Song“Never Give up on a Dream”by Rod Steward.If theres doubt and youre cold,dont you worry _.Weve gotta have heroes to teach us all to never give up on a dream.Claim the road,touch th

5、e sun,No force on earth _.When your heart bursts like the sun Never,never give up on a dream.what the future holdscould stop you run第5页/共132页Warming up Look at the quotation in the first line of the passage and answer the question about yourself.If you cant get something you want badly,do you _?(a)k

6、eep trying and get more motivated (b)keep trying,but get depressed (c)give up trying but regret it (d)give up trying and forget itNow read the passage and compare your idea with the writers.第6页/共132页Skimming Browse the passage within 8 minutes to get a rough idea about it.Answer the questions of Act

7、ivity 2 and 3 on page 119.TaskTask第7页/共132页Skimming Choose the best definition.1.A quitter is someone who _.(a)doesnt know what they want to do in life (b)gets depressed easily (c)knows when to give up trying (d)keeps on trying even when they have no hope of success2.A bulldog is someone who _.(a)ke

8、eps on trying because they find it difficult to accept failure (b)gives up very easily (c)usually succeeds in the end in what they want to do (d)is psychologically stronger than most peopleca第8页/共132页Skimming Answer the questions.1 What is a“never-say-die”spirit?A“never-say-die”spirit is one of dete

9、rmination no matter what the odds are.2 What did psychologists Miller and Wrosch set out to do?Miller and Wrosch developed a way to find the characteristics of Bulldogs and Quitters.3 What did their findings show?Quitters are generally healthier than Bulldogs.第9页/共132页Skimming4 In what way do Bulldo

10、gs suffer more than Quitters?Bulldogs suffer more from minor illnesses and long periods of stress.5 What might happen when a Bulldog finally gives up on an ambition?Bulldogs might begin to pursue new goals after they give up on an ambition.6 What is the connection between depression and the survival

11、 of the species?It may be a way of telling our bodies to slow down,to analyze the situation and be cautious.Meanwhile,we are more realistic about the world.Therefore,it will help preserve our human species.第10页/共132页Skimming7 Why is it important for young people to set themselves goals?Because it is

12、 part of cultivating an individual identity in the world.8 Why is it important to be prepared to change those goals?Because we may find the goals are unattainable or be attracted to some new goals.9 What is the connection between setting goals and the survival of the species?Because we are constantl

13、y adjusting or abandoning the goals,changing priorities.In this process,we grow up.第11页/共132页Quitters are winners,Bulldogs are losers译文译文Digging1 “If at first you dont succeed,try,try again,”said the comic actor,W C Fields,“Then quit.Theres no point in being a damn fool about it.”第12页/共132页2 Well,ye

14、s,up to a point,but we all know that theres a right and a wrong time to quit.According to new research,people who know when to give up on impossible goals,the so-called“quitters”,are physically and mentally healthier than“bulldogs”who persist at any cost.Digging第13页/共132页3 Since the Founding Fathers

15、 arrived in America,our children have been the target of messages about the value of determination in the face of lifes difficulties.This never-say-die spirit is best represented by the 19th-century saying,“If at first you dont succeed,try,try again.”But are there times when its simply better to giv

16、e up?译文译文Digging第14页/共132页4 There has been considerable research about this question and specifically about the possible link between determination and health.On the one hand,it seems that persistence and self-discipline increase the chance youll succeed in the long term,and that personal success is

17、 closely linked to well-being.Think of successful people you know personally,and look back over their lives.Have they always been clear about where theyre going in their lives,and now that they have arrived,are they happy and healthy?Some are,perhaps.译文译文Digging第15页/共132页5 But what if success is ver

18、y doubtful?For example,like an average athlete becoming an Olympic gold medal winner?Can exhibiting too much determination h a v e a n e g a t i v e e f f e c t o n y o u r h e a l t h?译文译文Digging第16页/共132页6 In a sequence of psychological experiments,scientists Gregory Miller and Carsten Wrosch deve

19、loped a way of distinguishing between two categories of people,Bulldogs and Quitters.The findings showed that Quitters are generally healthier than Bulldogs.Miller and Wrosch looked at relatively minor illnesses such as skin disorders,poor sleep and headaches,and discovered that Quitters differed fr

20、om Bulldogs by suffering less.Furthermore,the Bulldogs suffered much more from long periods of stress,during which they had a higher level of a protein which could indicate several serious diseases,including killers like diabetes and heart disease.译文译文Digging第17页/共132页7 The scientists also noted tha

21、t the Bulldogs distinguished themselves from the Quitters by showing how willing they were to pursue new goals after they gave up on something important.They found that people who readily jumped back into life had a greater sense of purpose and were less likely to think about the past.Setting new go

22、als appears to protect them from the emotional consequences of failure,especially the Bulldogs who have a hard time admitting defeat.译文译文Digging第18页/共132页8 So why do Bulldogs finally say,“Enough is enough”?In fact,it appears that their physical recovery comes through mild depression.Some go through

23、a period of passive behaviour,during which they shut down.But on the positive side,theyre forced to stop and assess their lives again.Gradually they become more realistic about the world.In terms of human evolution,scientists think that depression is what told our bodies to slow down,to analyze the

24、situation and to be cautious.Melancholy can actually help most of us to give up on the Olympic gold medal and preserve the human species.译文译文Digging第19页/共132页9 Its definitely important to set oneself goals.For young people,its part of cultivating an individual identity in the world.But as we grow ol

25、der,were liable to adjust these aspirations or abandon them when we find that either we cannot achieve them or other,more important targets attract us.We abandon our plans for a glorious career because we feel it more desirable to attend to the demands of our young family.We choose not to continue o

26、ur studies because we need to earn a living.Consequently,we find other,more feasible objectives in our lives,which are more appropriate to our circumstances than our previous ones.So while we may grow out of our dreams,at the same time,we grow up.译文译文Digging第20页/共132页10 Maybe we should rewrite the s

27、aying.How about“If at first you dont succeed,try,try again.But if you dont succeed,you dont always fail.Listen to your body and your mind.Thats where youll find your success as a human being.Thats where the survival of the species lies.”译文译文DiggingMain idea of the text第21页/共132页1.Since the Founding

28、Fathers arrived in America,our children have been the target of messages about the value of determination in the face of lifes difficulties.(Line 1,Para 3)From the time Europeans first arrived in North America,they have been telling their children they must be strong to face difficulties and overcom

29、e them.This attitude has been very intense in American culture both because of the type of Protestant Christianity(基督教中的新教)the early settlers believed in,and the obvious difficulties and dangers they faced in settling on a new continent with so little known and so many enemies.Difficult sentences 第2

30、2页/共132页Difficult sentences 2.Setting new goals appears to protect them from the emotional consequences of failure,especially the Bulldogs who have a hard time admitting defeat.(Line 8,Para 7)The consequences could include feelings of low self-esteem,inadequacy or reluctance to try anything similar

31、to the failed activity.It helps us to recover if we set new goals and get on with life as we dont have to feel burdened by the previous defeat.This is especially true of the Bulldog type of character as they find giving up especially stressful and depressing.Of course,they also get most out of havin

32、g a new aim to pursue as that is in their nature.第23页/共132页Difficult sentences 3.Melancholy can actually help most of us to give up on the Olympic gold medal and preserve the human species.(Line 11,Para 8)When we cannot do something,we feel depressed.The depression stops us from trying again,makes u

33、s put aside unrealistic goals like getting an Olympic gold medal,gives us a chance to re-evaluate our situation and try something attainable.This protects us from damaging ourselves trying to do what is beyond us.第24页/共132页Difficult sentences 4.For young people,its part of cultivating an individual

34、identity in the world.(Line 2,Para 9)People have different goals this is what makes people different.Without different ambitions young people would all be the same.第25页/共132页Difficult sentences 5.So while we may grow out of our dreams,at the same time,we grow up.(Line 14,Para 9)We lose our dreams as

35、 we age,but also become more mature and realistic.第26页/共132页quitter 释义n.C(infml)someone who is likely to stop trying if they have problems or are not successful immediately 轻易放弃的人 例句Im not a quitter,but this job is starting to affect my health.我不是一个遇困难就放弃的人，只是这个工作开始影响我的健康了。翻译WordsWords例句The coach ha

36、d no respect for quitters.教练瞧不起半途而废的人。翻译第27页/共132页释义n.C 顽强的人；永不言弃的人；C 斗牛犬；叭喇狗例句He is the kind of bulldog reporter that you do not find very much these days.他是你近年来很难遇到的那种穷追不舍的记者。翻译WordsWordsbulldog第28页/共132页comic释义1a.(only before noun)relating to comedy 喜剧的例句He worked as a comic actor.他是一名喜剧演员。翻译Word

37、sWords例句Many of the scenes in the book are richly comic.书中很多情景充满喜剧色彩。翻译第29页/共132页释义2例句The novel is comic and tragic.这部小说既好笑又带有悲剧色彩。翻译WordsWords a.funny 滑稽的；好笑的例句Most of these trips had exciting or comic moments.大部分旅途都有激动人心或令人开怀的时刻。翻译comic第30页/共132页damn 释义a.(only before noun)used for emphasizing what

38、 you are saying,especially when you are annoyed about something 该死的；讨厌的例句Its damn cold in here.这儿真冷。翻译WordsWords例句翻译I cant get this damn button undone!我解不开这个该死的扣子！第31页/共132页释义1vi.to continue to do or say something in a determined way 坚持；执意 例句翻译WordsWords例句She persisted in taking her dog with her.翻译她

39、执意要带她的狗一起去。Does he always persist in his opinion like that?他老是那样固执己见吗？persist第32页/共132页释义2vi.(fml)to continue to exist 继续存在；持续 例句Despite official denials,the rumours persisted.尽管官方否认，谣言仍在继续流传。翻译WordsWords例句The pain persisted for months,even though the injury had healed.虽然受伤的地方已经愈合，但是疼痛还是持续了数月。翻译pers

40、ist第33页/共132页determination 释义n.U the refusal to let anything prevent you from doing what you have decided to do 坚定；决心例句She has shown great determination and skill.她表现出了坚强的决心和技能。翻译WordsWords例句His determination to marry her is now much stronger than ever.他比以前更加坚决地想要娶她了。翻译第34页/共132页considerable 释义a.lar

41、ge in size,amount,or degree 相当大的；相当多的 例句Doing it properly makes considerable demands on our time.把这事做好需要花费我们相当多的时间。翻译WordsWords例句A considerable amount of time and money was spent on the project.相当多的时间和金钱都花在这项工程上了。翻译真题Writing is a slow process,requiring considerable thought,time,and effort.(Jun.,1996

42、.CET-4,Vocabulary and Structure)第35页/共132页释义n.C a connection between two or more people,places,facts,or events,especially when one is affected or caused by the other 关联，联系例句These projects will provide vital links between companies and universities.这些项目将会为公司和大学搭建重要的纽带。翻译WordsWords例句The statistics sho

43、w a clear link between social class and crime.翻译统计数字明确显示了社会阶级与犯罪之间的关系。link 真题Certainly,the biological link between parent and child is fundamental.(Jun.,2003.CET-4,Reading Comprehension)第36页/共132页exhibit 释义1vt.to show a particular feeling,quality,ability,or form of behaviour 表露；表现出例句He has exhibited

44、 symptoms of anxiety and overwhelming worry.他表现出焦虑和过分担心的迹象。翻译WordsWords例句Our soldiers exhibited great bravery in the battle.我们的战士在战斗中表现出极大的勇敢。翻译第37页/共132页释义2vt.to put something interesting in a museum or other public place so that people can go and look at it 展出；展览例句翻译WordsWordsDavids going to exhib

45、it his roses at the flower show.戴维准备在花展中展出自己的玫瑰花。例句翻译The art gallery will exhibit some of Dalis paintings.美术馆将展览达利的部分绘画作品。exhibit 第38页/共132页sequence释义n.C,U a set of related things that happen or are arranged in a particular order 一连串；连续例句翻译WordsWords例句翻译We had to follow a complex sequence of movemen

46、ts.我们必须按顺序完成一连串的复杂动作。A computer can store and repeat sequences of instructions.一台计算机能够储存和重复一连串的指令。第39页/共132页distinguish 释义v.to recognize the differences between things 区分；辨别例句翻译WordsWords例句翻译Please tell me how to distinguish a poisonous snake from a harmless one.请告诉我如何区别毒蛇和无毒蛇。Can you distinguish ri

47、ght from wrong?你能分清是非吗?真题Another way to divide the study of geography is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography.(Jun.1991,CET-4,Vocabulary and structure)第40页/共132页category释义n.C a group of people or things that have similar qualities 种类；类别 例句翻译WordsWordsThere will be two win

48、ners in each category.每一类将有两个优胜者。例句翻译The proposal would ban some categories of weapons.这项提案将禁止某些种类的武器。第41页/共132页释义n.(pl)information that you discover or opinions that you form after doing research 发现；研究结果 例句翻译WordsWordsWhen the experiment is complete,include your findings in a report.试验完成后，请把结果写入报告。

49、真题Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night,no matter what we would have done during the day.(Jan.1999,CET-4,Vocabulary and structure)例句翻译We can apply his findings in new developments.我们可将他的调查结果应用于新的开发中。findings第42页/共132页differ 释义vi.to be different from something else 不同(于

50、)；有区别 例句翻译WordsWordsHearts may agree,though heads differ.谚 意见总有分歧，但其心则仍可能一致。But these various means of communication differ in important ways from human language.(Jan.2003,CET-4,Cloze)真题例句翻译The weather often differs from one part of a state to another.一个州内各地区的天气往往有差别。第43页/共132页indicate 释义1vt.to show