建筑环境与能源应用工程专业英语16备课讲稿.ppt
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1、建筑建筑环境与能源境与能源应用工程用工程专业英英语1616练习:英译汉练习:英译汉Applying the daily global solar radiation data measured at least 10 years,the typical solar radiation year for 30 meteorological stations in China is generated using the FinkelsteinSchafer statistical method.Based on the typical solar radiation data obtained,
2、the geographical difference of solar energy resource of these 30 stations was also analyzed.The results in this paper will fill this gap that complete and detailed typical solar radiation data are not available for China,and will be useful to the designers of solar energy conversion and utilization
3、devices.练习:英译汉练习:英译汉1)HVAC systems and the associated distribution systems often occupy a significant amount of space.Major components may also require special support from the structure.The size and appearance of terminal devices(i.e.,diffusers,fan-coil units,radiant panels,etc.)have an affect on t
4、he architectural design because they are visible in the occupied space.2)The design engineer is responsible for considering various systems and recommending one or two that will satisfy the goal and perform as desired.It is imperative that the design engineer and the owner collaborate on identifying
5、 and rating the criteria associated with the design goal.Unit One:HVACR and Internet heating 采暖采暖 供热供热 ventilation 通风通风air conditioning 空气调节空气调节 refrigeration 制冷制冷HVACR 暖通空调制冷暖通空调制冷 technical sophistication 技术精通技术精通entrepreneur 企业家企业家 proprietary technology 专利技术专利技术highly educated 受过良好教育的受过良好教育的 Int
6、ernet-savvy 熟悉网络的熟悉网络的Plumbing&Drainage 给水、排水给水、排水 distance education 远程教育远程教育searching literature 文献查询文献查询 web-enabled 具有网络功能的具有网络功能的civil building 民用建筑民用建筑 industrial building 工业建筑工业建筑residential building 居住建筑居住建筑 public building 公共建筑公共建筑commercial building 商业建筑商业建筑 sizing HVAC components 确定空调系统部件
7、容量大小确定空调系统部件容量大小Unit Two:Sustainable Built Environmentbuilt environment 建筑环境建筑环境 sustainability 可持续性可持续性sustainable development 可持续发展可持续发展 sustainable approach 可持续性方法可持续性方法integrated approach 集成化方法集成化方法 theory practice 理论与实践理论与实践life cycle analyses 寿命周期分析寿命周期分析 thermal comfort 热舒适热舒适visual comfort 视
8、觉舒适视觉舒适 acoustic comfort 声觉舒适声觉舒适indoor air quality 室内空气品质室内空气品质 professional areas 专业领域专业领域decision-making 决策决策 resource consumption 资源消耗资源消耗global energy consumption 全球能耗全球能耗 environmental impact 环境影响环境影响green house gas emissions 温室气体排放温室气体排放sick building symptoms 病态建筑综合症病态建筑综合症 financial gains 经济
9、效益经济效益cost benefit analyses 成本收益分析成本收益分析 interdisciplinary 跨学科的跨学科的promotional material 促销材料促销材料 academic research 学术研究学术研究dynamic characteristic 动态特性动态特性 apartment 公寓公寓dweller 居住者居住者 Building structure 建筑结构建筑结构Unit Three:Indoor Air QualityIndoor Air Quality(IAQ)室内空气品质室内空气品质interdisciplinary 跨学科的跨学科
10、的 concentration 浓度浓度Environmental Sustainable Development 环境可持续发展环境可持续发展pollutants 污染物污染物 occupant 居住者、室内人员居住者、室内人员receptor 受体受体 indoor air pollutants 室内空气污染物室内空气污染物PM(Particulate Matter)颗粒物颗粒物VOC(Volatile Organic Compounds)挥发性有机化合物挥发性有机化合物ETS(environmental tobacco smoke)吸烟引起的烟物吸烟引起的烟物pollutant dist
11、ributions 污染物分布污染物分布 control strategies 控制策略控制策略local exhaust 局部通风局部通风 residential life 日常生活日常生活mass balance equations 质量平衡方程质量平衡方程 empirical model 经验模型经验模型reductionism approach 简化法简化法 expansionism approach 拓展法拓展法sampling 抽样、取样抽样、取样 environmental ecosystem 环境生态系统环境生态系统inhalation 吸入吸入Unit Four:Energy
12、 Utilization and Conservation in Buildingssolar energy 太阳能太阳能 hydropower 水力发出的电力水力发出的电力geothermal energy 地热能地热能 electrical power 电能电能steam turbine 蒸汽轮机蒸汽轮机 mechanical power 机械能机械能energy efficient system 高能效系统高能效系统 cost effectiveness 成本效率成本效率chilled water 冷冻水冷冻水 condenser water 冷却水冷却水ground source he
13、at pumps 地源热泵地源热泵 geothermal energy 地热能地热能building energy consumption 建筑能耗建筑能耗 biomass energy 生物质能生物质能First(Second)Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一(二)定律热力学第一(二)定律hydrodynamics 流体力学流体力学 thermodynamics 热力学热力学 thermocouple 热电偶热电偶 platinum resistance 铂电阻铂电阻power plant 电厂电厂CCHP(Combined Cooling Heating Power)
14、System 热电冷三联供系统热电冷三联供系统heat gains 得热量得热量 heat losses 热量损失热量损失energy efficient system 节能系统节能系统 existing building 既有建筑既有建筑Unit Four:Energy Utilization and Conservation in BuildingsEnergy Utilization and Conservation 能源利用与节约能源利用与节约nonrenewable energy 不可再生能源不可再生能源 renewable energy 可再生能源可再生能源secondary eq
15、uipment 二次设备二次设备 primary equipment 初级设备初级设备conditioned spaces 空调区空调区 central plant 中央机组中央机组solar effects 太阳辐射的影响太阳辐射的影响 internal gains 室内得热室内得热heat storage 蓄热蓄热 interior 内部结构内部结构building envelope 建筑物围护结构建筑物围护结构 infiltration (风)渗透(风)渗透piping losses or gains 管路管路热损失或得热热损失或得热 hour-by-hour simulation 逐时
16、模拟逐时模拟 part-load characteristics 部分负荷性能部分负荷性能 energy audit 能源审计能源审计chiller 冷水机组冷水机组 capacity 容量容量variable-speed drivers 变速驱动器变速驱动器 chilled water 冷冻水冷冻水condenser water 冷却水冷却水 cooling tower 冷却塔冷却塔water treatment 水处理水处理 hard water 硬水硬水feedwater systems 补水系统补水系统SEER:Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio 季节能效
17、比季节能效比HSPF:Heating Seasonal Performance Factor 制热季节性能系数制热季节性能系数Unit Five:Heat Transfer heat transfer equipment 传热设备传热设备 heat exchanger 热交换器热交换器boiler 锅炉锅炉 condenser 冷凝器冷凝器 radiator 散热器散热器 refrigerator 冰箱冰箱solar collector 太阳能集热器太阳能集热器 heat transfer rate 传热传热(速速)率率temperature difference 温差温差 factor of
18、 safety 安全系数安全系数experimental error 实验误差实验误差 operating condition 运行条件运行条件heat transfer coefficient 传热系数传热系数 conduction 传导传导convection 对流对流 radiation 辐射辐射sensible Heat 显热显热 latent heat 潜热潜热zero energy building 零能耗建筑零能耗建筑 low energy building 低能耗建筑低能耗建筑sizing problem 容量选择的问题容量选择的问题 differential equation
19、 微分方程微分方程 variable 变量变量 derivative 导数导数decline in performance 性能的降低性能的降低 plate heat exchanger 板式换热器板式换热器shell and tube heat exchanger 壳管式换热器壳管式换热器finned tube heat exchanger 翅片管式换热器翅片管式换热器Unit Six:Turbulence and Complex Flowfluid dynamics,fluid mechanics,hydrodynamics 流体力学流体力学turbulent flow,turbulenc
20、e 紊流湍流紊流湍流 laminar flow 层流层流Direct Numerical Simulation(DNS)直接模拟法直接模拟法Large Eddy Simulation(lES)大涡模拟大涡模拟Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)雷诺时均方程法雷诺时均方程法Reynolds number 雷诺数雷诺数 dissipation 耗散耗散 viscous stress 粘性力粘性力 shear stress 剪切力剪切力thermal anemometry 热线风速仪热线风速仪 coherent structure 拟序结构拟序结构laser D
21、oppler Velocimetry 激光多普勒测速仪激光多普勒测速仪two-phase flow 两相流两相流 multiphase flow 多相流多相流 continuum model 连续型模型连续型模型 dispersed phases 离散相、分散相离散相、分散相particle image velocimetry(PIV)粒子图像测速(技术)粒子图像测速(技术)flow visualization 流动可视化流动可视化 momentum 动量动量sub-grid scale 次网格尺度(范围)次网格尺度(范围)phrase change 相变相变boundary conditio
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